Phillip R. Westmoreland
CBET Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems
ENG Directorate for Engineering
Start Date:
August 1, 2002
Expires:
July 31, 2007 (Estimated)
Awarded Amount to Date:
$999309
Investigator(s):
Michelle Pantoya michelle.pantoya@ttu.edu (Principal Investigator)
Shubhra Gangopadhyay (Co-Principal Investigator) Henryk Temkin (Co-Principal Investigator) Mark Holtz (Co-Principal Investigator) Jordan Berg (Co-Principal Investigator)
Sponsor:
Texas Tech University
203 Holden Hall
Lubbock, TX 79409 806/742-3884
NSF Program(s):
NANOSCALE: INTRDISCPL RESRCH T, COMBUSTION, FIRE, & PLASMA SYS, SPECIAL STUDIES AND ANALYSES
Field Application(s):
0308000 Industrial Technology
Program Reference Code(s):
MANU, 9148, 1674
Program Element Code(s):
1674, 1407, 1385
ABSTRACT
This plan integrates research and education in the area of combustion, specifically focusing on self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of new materials from nanocomposite reactants. The research objective is to understand the influence of reactant characteristics on the combustion synthesis process, and on the microstructure of the final product. The work has five primary phases: (1) development of techniques to process reactants, both in random media and multi-layered foils; (2) development of integrated MEMS-based sensing; (3) determination of the controlling mechanisms of reaction wave propagation; (4) characterization of the initial and final products; and (5) demonstration of a commercial application of a combustion-synthesized material. Temperature and pressure measurements of the reacting wave are made using micro-fabricated test structures with integrated sensors. Measurements of combustion behaviors are obtained using high-speed diagnostic techniques to allow imaging of combustion waves (i.e., to determine flame speeds and to observe spinning combustion or pulsating waves). Reactants and products are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. A synthesized product material is tested experimentally on a commercial application with our industrial partner, Solar Turbines, Inc. The experimental effort is complemented by theoretical analysis and software development using a commercial simulation package that contains modules to numerically solve problems in heat transfer, multi-phase flow and reacting flows.
The materials developed in this plan are applied as coatings on gas turbine components to improve the performance and durability of the system. The newly developed material coatings act as a protective barrier against high-temperature oxidation and corrosion, which are the main degradation mechanisms that occur in the turbine sections. When subjected to the hot gas streams of a typical combustion environment, the newly developed coatings will resist surface attack and maintain the component's mechanical properties.
The study incorporates a "project-based" instruction component. Students will work in teams on projects relating to this research. They learn about fabricating nano-scale systems, perform combustion studies on the reacting samples, and characterize the final products. The project also includes a mentoring program, linking graduate with undergraduate engineers in a supportive work environment. This experience guides students in making career choices, demonstrates the relevance of their coursework to solving real problems, and contributes to their overall preparedness.
PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH
Aurongzeb,D.; Holtz,M.; Daugherty,M.; Berg,J.; Chandolu,A.; Yun,J.; Temkin,H.. "Influence of nanocrystal growth kinetics on interface roughness in nickel-aluminum multilayers," Applied Physics Letters, v.83, 2003, p. 5437.
Bockmon, BS; Pantoya, ML; Son, SF; Asay, BW; Mang, JT. "Combustion velocities and propagation mechanisms of metastable interstitial composites," JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, v.98, 2005.
D. Prentice, M. L. Pantoya and B. Clapsaddle. "The effect of nanocomposite synthesis on the combustion performance of a ternary thermite," Journal of Physical Chemistry B, v.109, 2005, p. 20180.
E. Hunt, K. Plantier, M. Pantoya. "Nano-scale Reactants in the Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis of Nickel Aluminides," Acta Materialia, v.52 (11), 2004, p. 3183.
E. M. Hunt and M. L. Pantoya. "Ignition Dynamics and Activation Energies of Metallic Thermites: From nano- to micron-scale particulate composites," Journal of Applied Physics, v.98, 2005, p. 1.
E. M. Hunt, J. J. Granier, K. B. Plantier and M. L. Pantoya. "Nickel Aluminum Superalloys Created by the Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) of Nano-particle Reactants," Journal of Materials Research, v.19(10), 2004, p. 3028.
Granier, JJ; Mullen, T; Pantoya, ML. "Nonuniformlaser ignition in energetic materials," COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, v.175, 2003, p. 1929-1951.
Granier, JJ; Pantoya, ML. "Laser ignition of nanocomposite thermites," COMBUSTION AND FLAME, v.138, 2004, p. 373-383.
Granier, JJ; Pantoya, ML. "The effect of size distribution on burn rate in nanocomposite thermites: a probability density function study," COMBUSTION THEORY AND MODELLING, v.8, 2004, p. 555-565.
Granier, JJ; Plantier, KB; Pantoya, ML. "The role of the Al2O3 passivation shell surrounding nano-Al particles in the combustion synthesis of NiAl," JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, v.39, 2004, p. 6421-6431.
Holtz,M.; Aurongzeb,D.; Daugherty,M.; Chandolu,A.; Yun,J.; Berg,J.; Temkin,H.. "Interface and Surface Properties of Al/Ni Multilayers as Deposited and Following Volume Combustion Synthesis," Mat.Res.Soc.Symp.Proc., v.800, 2004, p. AA4.7.1.
Hunt, EM; Granier, JJ; Plantier, KB; Pantoya, ML. "Nickel aluminum superalloys created by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of nanoparticle reactants," JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH, v.19, 2004, p. 3028-3036.
Hunt, EM; Pantoya, ML. "Ignition dynamics and activation energies of metallic thermites: From nano- to micron-scale particulate composites," JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, v.98, 2005.
Hunt, EM; Pantoya, ML; Jouet, RJ. "Combustion synthesis of metallic foams from nanocomposite reactants," INTERMETALLICS, v.14, 2006, p. 620-629.
Hunt, EM; Plantier, KB; Pantoya, ML. "Nano-scale reactants in the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of nickel aluminide," ACTA MATERIALIA, v.52, 2004, p. 3183-3191.
J. J. Granier, K. B., Plantier and M. L. Pantoya. "The Role of the Al2O3 Passivation Shell Surrounding Nano-Aluminum Particles in the Combstion Synthesis of NiAl," Journal of Materials Science, v.39, 2004, p. 6421.
J. Sun, M. L. Pantoya, S. L. Simon. "Oxidation of Aluminum Nanopowders with Oxygen and Molybdenum Trioxide," Thermochemica Acta, v.44, 2006, p. 117.
J.J. Granier and M.L. Pantoya. "The Effect of Size Distribution on Burn Rate in Nanocomposite Thermites: A Probability Density Function Study," Combustion Theory and Modelling, v.8 (3), 2004, p. 555.
K. Moore and M. L. Pantoya. "Combustion Effects of Environmentally Altered Molybdenum Trioxide Nanocomposites," Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, v.31, 2006, p. 182.
Levitas, VI; Asay, BW; Son, SF; Pantoya, M. "Melt dispersion mechanism for fast reaction of nanothermites," APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, v.89, 2006.
Levitas, VI; Asay, BW; Son, SF; Pantoya, M. "Mechanochemical mechanism for fast reaction of metastable intermolecular composites based on dispersion of liquid metal," JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, v.101, 2007.
M. L. Pantoya and J. J. Granier. "Combustion Behaviors of Highly Energetic Thermites: Nano versus Micron Composites," Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, v.30, 2005, p. 1.
Moore, K; Pantoya, ML. "Combustion of environmentally altered molybdenum trioxide nanocomposites," PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS, v.31, 2006, p. 182-187.
Mullen, TA; Pantoya, ML. "A spreadsheet-based analysis for two-dimensional transient laser heating of a cylindrical solid," HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING, v.26, 2005, p. 63-74.
Pantoya, ML; Granier, JJ. "Combustion behavior of highly energetic thermites: Nano versus micron composites," PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS, v.30, 2005, p. 53-62.
Plantier, KB; Pantoya, ML; Gash, AE. "Combustion wave speeds of nanocomposite Al/Fe2O3: the effects of Fe2O3 particle synthesis technique," COMBUSTION AND FLAME, v.140, 2005, p. 299-309.
Prentice, D; Pantoya, ML; Clapsaddle, BJ. "Effect of nanocomposite synthesis on the combustion performance of a ternary thermite," JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B, v.109, 2005, p. 20180-20185.
Prentice, D; Pantoya, ML; Gash, AE. "Combustion wave speeds of sol-gel-synthesized tungsten trioxide and nano-aluminum: The effect of impurities on flame propagation," ENERGY & FUELS, v.20, 2006, p. 2370-2376.
Sun, J; Pantoya, ML; Simon, SL. "Dependence of size and size distribution on reactivity of aluminum nanoparticles in reactions with oxygen and MoO3," THERMOCHIMICA ACTA, v.444, 2006, p. 117-127.
T. Mullen and M. Pantoya. "A Spreadsheet-based Analysis for Two-Dimensional Transient Laser Heating of A Cylindrical Solid," Heat Transfer Engineering, v.26 (2), 2005, p. 63.
Talantsev, E. F., Pantoya, M. L., Camagong, C., Lahlouh, B., Nicolich, S. M., Gangopadhyay, S.. "Ferrihydrite Gels Derived in the Fe(NO3)39H2O - C2H5OH - CH3CHCH2O Ternary System," Journal of Non-Crystaline Solids, v.351, 2005, p. 1426.
Talantsev, EF; Pantoya, ML; Camagong, C; Lahlouh, B; Nicolich, SM; Gangopadhyay, S. "Ferrihydrite gels derived in the Fe(NO3)(3) center dot 9H(2)O-C2H5OH-CH3CHCH2O ternary system," JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS, v.351, 2005, p. 1426-1432.
Zhu,K.; Kipshidze,G.; Kuryatkov,V.; Borisov,B.; Chandolu,A.; Yun,J.; Nikishin,S.; Temkin,H.; Aurongzeb,D.; Holtz,M.. "The evolution of surface roughness of AlN and GaN induced by inductively coupled Cl2/Ar plasma etching," Journal of Applied Physics, v.95, 2004, p. 4635.
