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Award Abstract #0227618
YIA-PGR: Functional Genomics of Plant Metabolism in Model Rhizome Species
| NSF Org: |
IOS
Division of Integrative Organismal Systems
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| Initial Amendment Date: |
August 15, 2002 |
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| Latest Amendment Date: |
August 1, 2006 |
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| Award Number: |
0227618 |
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| Award Instrument: |
Continuing grant |
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| Program Manager: |
Diane Jofuku Okamuro
IOS Division of Integrative Organismal Systems
BIO Directorate for Biological Sciences
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| Start Date: |
October 1, 2002 |
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| Expires: |
September 30, 2008 (Estimated) |
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| Awarded Amount to Date: |
$1114787 |
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| Investigator(s): |
David Gang gangd@wsu.edu (Principal Investigator)
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| Sponsor: |
University of Arizona
888 N Euclid Ave
TUCSON, AZ 85721 520/626-6000
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| NSF Program(s): |
PLANT GENOME RESEARCH PROJECT
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| Field Application(s): |
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| Program Reference Code(s): |
BIOT, 9297, 9184
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| Program Element Code(s): |
1329
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ABSTRACT
The curcuminoids and gingerols are medicinally important metabolites found in the rhizome tissue (underground stem) of turmeric and ginger plants. In addition to their role as colorants and flavorants in these plants, these compounds have been show to possess anti-inflammatory and other important pharmacological properties. Because of these properties, turmeric and ginger rhizome powder and extracts have been used for millennia as spices, as important elements in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine, and as important parts of modern herbal remedies that are designed to reduce inflammation. In addition, these compounds may form the basis for future anti-inflammatory drugs. Despite their importance to human health, nothing is known about the biochemical pathways (the enzymes or the respective encoding genes) that produce these and structurally similar compounds. Furthermore, almost nothing is known about gene expression and metabolic regulation in plant rhizomes.
The advent of large scale automated gene sequencing (genomics), related methods for analysis of gene function (functional genomics), and improvements in instrumentation for protein purification (biochemistry) and metabolite analysis (metabolic profiling), now allow for application of a biochemical functional genomics approach to this problem. These technologies will be used to investigate how turmeric and ginger produce the medicinally important natural products that accumulate in their rhizome tissues. A detailed characterization of all metabolites made in rhizomes of ginger and turmeric plants will be made (metabolic profiling). Genes that are actively expressed in the rhizomes will be isolated and sequenced. The sequence information will be used to identify the enzymes responsible for the formation of the metabolites in these rhizomes. This information will also be used to identify rhizome-specific genes. Interesting target genes and their corresponding proteins will be characterized for their specific roles in the production of specific metabolites in the rhizome or in the development and biology of the rhizome in general.
PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH
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Dixon, R. A., Gang, D. R., Charlton, A. J., Fiehn, O., Kuiper, H. A., Reynolds, T. L., Tjeerdema, R. S., Jeffery, E. H., German, J. B., Ridley, W. P. & Seiber, J. N.. "Applications of Metabolomics in Agriculture," J. Agric. Food. Chem, v.54, 2006, p. 8984.
Hongliang Jiang, Aniko M. Solyom, Barbara N. Timmermann, and David R. Gang. "Characterization of gingerol-related compounds in ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry," Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., v.19, 2005, p. 2957.
Hongliang Jiang, Arpad Somogyi, Barbara N. Timmermann, and David R. Gang. "Analysis of curcuminoids by positive and negative electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry," Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., v.20, 2006, p. 1001.
Hongliang Jiang, Arpad Somogyi, Barbara N. Timmermann, and David R. Gang. "Instrument Dependence of ESI Ionization and MS/MS Fragmentation of the Gingerols," Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., v.20, 2006, p. 3089.
Hongliang Jiang, Barbara N. Timmermann, and David R. Gang. "Use of LC-ESI-MS/MS to identify diarylheptanoids in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizome," J. Chromatog. A, v.1111, 2006, p. 21.
Hongliang Jiang, Barbara N. Timmermann, and David R. Gang. "Identification of diarylheptanoids in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry," Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., v.21, 2006, p. 509.
Hongliang Jiang, Zhengzhi Xie, Hyunjo Koo, Steven P. McLaughlin, Barbara N. Timmermann, and David R. Gang. "Metabolic profiling and phylogenetic analysis of medicinal Zingiber species: tools for authentication of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)," Phytochemistry, v.67, 2006, p. 232.
Maria del Carmen Ramirez-Ahumada, Barbara N. Timmermann and David R. Gang. "Biosynthesis of curcuminoids and gingerols in turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale): Identification of curcuminoid synthase and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA thioesterases," Phytochemistry, v.67, 2006, p. 1673.
Xiaoqiang Ma and David R. Gang. "Metabolic profiling of in vitro micropropagated and conventionally greenhouse grown ginger (Zingiber officinale)," Phyochemistry, v.67, 2006, p. 2239.
Xiaoqiang Ma and David R. Gang. "Metabolic Profiling of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Plants Derived from in Vitro Micropropagation and Conventional Greenhouse Cultivation," J. Agric. Food Chem, v.54, 2006, p. 9573.
Xie, Z., Ma, X.-Q., and Gang, D. R.. "Metabolite modules predict the existence of biosynthetic modules in plant specialized metabolism: an example from curcuminoid biosynthesis in turmeric," Journal of Experimental Botany, 2008.
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