Award Abstract #0632139
IPY: Collaborative Research on Carbon, Water, and Energy Balance of the Arctic Landscape at Flagship Observatories and in a PanArctic Network

NSF Org:	ARC Arctic Sciences Division
Initial Amendment Date:	March 13, 2007
Latest Amendment Date:	January 22, 2009
Award Number:	0632139
Award Instrument:	Continuing grant
Program Manager:	William J. Wiseman, Jr. ARC Arctic Sciences Division OPP Office of Polar Programs
Start Date:	March 15, 2007
Expires:	February 28, 2010 (Estimated)
Awarded Amount to Date:	$1053613
Investigator(s):	Gaius Shaver gshaver@mbl.edu (Principal Investigator) John Hobbie (Co-Principal Investigator) Edward Rastetter (Co-Principal Investigator)
Sponsor:	Marine Biological Laboratory 7 M B L ST WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 508/548-3705
NSF Program(s):	AON IMPLEMENTATION
Field Application(s):	0311000 Polar Programs-Related
Program Reference Code(s):	OTHR, 5295, 1079, 0000
Program Element Code(s):	5293

ABSTRACT

Shaver 0632139

Bret-Harte 0632264

Funds are provided to establish two observatories, in the U.S. and Russia, and form a PanArctic network of observatories where coordinated measures of landscape-level carbon, water, and energy balance are carried out and results made available in a unified database. The observatories will be established

at two existing sites of research on landscape-level carbon, water, and energy balance - Toolik Lake (Alaska) and Cherskii (Siberia) - and the network of observatories across the Arctic where similar long-term observations of carbon, water and energy variables are made or proposed as part of IPY will include Toolik, Cherskii, Abisko (Sweden, the main site of the ABACUS project), Zackenberg (Greenland), and several sites in Arctic Canada.

Funds are specifically provided for instruments and personnel at Toolik and Cherskii, as well as international workshops and visits among the sites to ensure that data and instrumentation are easily comparable. Rather than studying one process at a time, this effort focuses on simultaneous measurements of carbon, water, and energy fluxes of the Arctic terrestrial landscape at hourly, daily, seasonal, and multiyear time scales. These are major

regulatory drivers of the Arctic System, forming key linkages and feedbacks between the land surface, the atmosphere, and the oceans.

The data collected will become a legacy by using measurement and data archiving approaches that are comparable among observatories. The data management protocols and archives used for nearly 20 years by the NSF Arctic Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project (based at Toolik Lake) will be used; data will be archived in the Arctic LTER database and, through links to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), will be generally available to the community.

PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH

Bret-Harte, M.S., M.C. Mack, G.R. Goldsmith, D.B. Sloan, J. DeMarco, G.R. Shaver, P. M. Ray, Z. Biesinger, and F. S. Chapin, III. "Plant functional types do not predict biomass responses to removal and fertilization in Alaskan tussock tundra," Journal of Ecology, v.96, 2008, p. 713.

Cornelissen JHC, PM van Bodegom, R Aerts, TV Callaghan, RSP van Logtestijn, J Alatalo, F S Chapin, R Gerdol, J Gudmundsson, D Gwynn-Jones, AE Hartley, DS Hik, A Hofgaard, IS Jónsdóttir, S Karlsson, JA Klein, J Laundre, B Magnusson, A Michelsen, U Molau, V. "Global negative vegetation feedback to climate warming responses of leaf litter decomposition rates in cold biomes," Ecology Letters, v.10, 2007, p. 619.

Douma, J.C., M.T. van Wijk, and G.R. Shaver. "The contribution of mosses to the carbon and water exchange of arctic ecosystems: quantification and relationships with system properties.," Plant, Cell, and Environment, v.30:1205, 2007.

Knapp, A.K., J. M. Briggs, S.L. Collins, S.R. Archer, M.S. Bret-Harte, B.E. Ewers, D.P. Peters, D.R. Young, G.R. Shaver, E.Pendall, and M. B. Cleary. "Shrub encroachment in North American grasslands: shift in growth form dominance rapidly alters control of ecosystem C inputs.," Global Change Biology, v.14, 2008, p. 1.

Lambers, H., J. A. Raven, G. Shaver and S. E. Smith. "Specialised nutrient-acquisition strategies reflect plant adaptations to changing N and P status as soils change over geological time scales," Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v.23, 2008, p. 95.

Nowinski, N., S. Trumbore, E. Schuur, M. Mack, and G. Shaver. "Nutrient Addition Prompts Rapid Destabilization Of Organic Matter In An Arctic Tundra Ecosystem," Ecosystems, v.11, 2008, p. 15.

Shaver, G.R., L.E. Street, E.B. Rastetter, M. T. van Wijk, M. Williams. "Functional Convergence In Regulation Of Net CO2 Flux In Heterogeneous Tundra Landscapes In Alaska And Sweden," Journal of Ecology, v.95, 2007, p. 802.

Street LE, Shaver GR, Williams M, van Wijk MT. "What is the relationship between changes in leaf area and changes in photosynthetic CO2 flux in arctic ecosystems?," Journal of Ecology, v.95, 2007, p. 139.

Sullivan, P.F., M. Sommerkorn, H.M. Rueth, K. J. Nadelhoffer, G. R. Shaver, J. M. Welker. "Climate and species affect fine root production with long-term fertilization in acidic tussock tundra near Toolik Lake, Alaska," Oecologia, v.153, 2007, p. 643.

Walter, KM, ME Edwards, G Grosse, SA Zimov, and FS Chapin, III. "Thermokarst lakes as a source of atmospheric CH4 during the last deglaciation," Science, v.318, 2007, p. 633.

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