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The International Arabidopsis Functional Genomics
Community
Arabidopsis researchers world-wide have already embarked
on the functional genomics phase. In this section, brief descriptions
of various national and transnational projects will be provided. Detailed
information about the major projects can be found organized by country
and project type at the website being developed by the Multinational Arabidopsis
Steering Committee (site can be found at TAIR, http://www.arabidopsis.org/info/2010_projects).
Australia and New Zealand
MASC Contact: Geoffrey Wasteneys (geoffw@rsbs.anu.edu.au)
Australia
Australia has a strong tradition in plant scientific research.
Many institutions, including the Plant Industry Division of the Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), the major Universities
and private enterprise are engaged in Arabidopsis Functional Genomics
work ranging from individual projects to international collaborations
through to major resource development. There is as yet no large-scale
coordinated program in Australia. CSIROs Division of Plant Industry
(http://www.pi.csiro.au/HomePage.htm)
funds major programs in Plant Genomics. Otherwise, funding is mainly available
through the Australian Research Councils (ARCs) Discovery
and Linkage Grant Schemes (http://www.arc.gov.au/)
and the Grains Research and Development Corporation of Australia (GRDC)
(http://www.grdc.com.au/). In addition,
many Australian-based Arabidopsis researchers receive funding from
international Agbiotech companies or collaborate with overseas colleagues.
Researchers in all Australian States and the Capital Territory
now use Arabidopsis functional genomics approaches. Projects are
generally highly focused, but increasingly involve international collaborators.
Canberra, Australias capital city, remains a major node for Arabidopsis
research activity. Together, CSIROs Division of Plant Industry (http://www.pi.csiro.au/HomePage.htm),
the Australian National University (ANU) (http://www.anu.edu.au/),
and CAMBIA (http://www.cambia.org.au/),
is a formidable unit of fundamental, industrial and application-driven
research. Despite the disappointing non-renewal a few years ago of the
ANU-based Cooperative Research Centre for Plant Science, and the subsequent
closure of Groupe Limagrains Australian arm (http://www.limagrain.com),
plant science research in Canberra remains very active.
The Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics is a
major initiative announced in 2001. Established jointly by the ARC and
the GRDC, the Centres objective is to contribute to ensuring that
Australia remains internationally competitive in plant science research.
Where this new entity will be located and whether it will incorporate
Arabidopsis into its research program remains to be determined.
Funding Bodies in Australia supporting Arabidopsis
Functional Genomics Research
New Zealand
Increasing numbers of New Zealand plant scientists are incorporating
Arabidopsis thaliana into their research, and at least six groups
are using functional genomics approaches. Funding is principally available
through the Royal Society of New Zealands Marsden Fund (http://www.rsnz.govt.nz/funding/marsden_fund/index.php#Marsden)
and the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology (http://www.frst.govt.nz/).
Canada
MASC Contacts:
Bill Crosby (bcrosby@gene.pbi.nrc.ca)
Peter McCourt (mccourt@botany.utoronto.ca)
Functional genomics projects at the University of Toronto
(Coleman, McCourt, Berleth, Cutler, Goring, Guttman, Christendat, Provart)
The Arabidopsis Research Group (ARG) at the University of Toronto,
which includes eight research groups housed out of the Department of Botany,
was originally established to provide resources and expertise for the
Arabidopsis community in Canada. These programs are jointly funded through
the Ontario Genomics Initiative (OGI), Genome Canada, the National Science
and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) and by private industry. All
resources and data will be made publicly available through various databases
and international stock centers. Contacts for each program are listed
or the ARG program director Dr. John Coleman can be reached directly at
coleman@botany.utoronto.ca. Ongoing programs include:
- Collection and characterization of random insertion
GFP enhancer trap lines in Arabidopsis (Thomas Berleth)
- Collection and phenotypic characterization of inducible
activation tagged lines in Arabidopsis (Peter McCourt)
- Bioinfomatic analysis of transcript profiling and predictions
of protein struc- ture in Arabidopsis (Denish Christendat, Nick
Provart)
- Functional genomics of protein localization in Arabidopsis
(Sean Cutler)
- Functional genomics of receptor-like kinases in Arabidopsis
(Daphne Goring)
Functional Genomics Projects at the University of BC
(Bohlmann, Douglas, Ellis, Haughn, Li)
The functional genomics program at the UBC includes participants from
the Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany and the Department
of Plant Science, along others. The program has recently received diverse
funding input in support of its programs, including CFI, NSERC, OTIP,
FRBC, HFSP, Genome BC and Genome Canada. Select program elements are listed
below.
-
The exploitation of Arabidopsis as a model system for studying
development, including metabolism and deposition of compounds of importance
to wood fiber production in Conifers and Populus species (Ellis, Douglas,
Bohlmann)
- Development of TILLING resources, in collaboration with
Dr. Steve Henikoff (Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Centre, Univ. Washington,
Seattle) in sup- port of the joint Genome Canada project concerned with
Abiotic Stress of Crops (Haughn)
- Molecular biology of SAR response pathways in Arabidopsis
(Li)
Functional Genomics Projects at the NRC-PBI
(Crosby, Risseeuw)
The PBI program derives from activity initiated in late 1999, under the
auspices of the NRC Genomics in Health and Agriculture Initiative
(GHI). The program was additionally funded by Genome Canada, the Saskatchewan-Canada
Agri-Food Innovation Fund and, more recently, has linked to an NSF 2010
project concerned with the functional genomics of the Ubiquitin-Protein
Ligase (E3) families in Arabidopsis. The following is a summary
of the structural and functional genomics sub-programs:
-
A limited EST program for Brassica napus (40,000 runs)
-
Development of a T-DNA disrupted population of Arabidopsis
(in collabora- tion with J. Ecker, Salk Inst., La Jolla, CA)
-
Development of a genomic amplicon microarray for known and predicted
genes of Arabidopsis
- Development of a 2-hybrid map for proteins
involved in the E3 Ligase func- tions in Arabidopsis
- Bioinformatics program including HPC (cluster) support,
gene annotation and data integration tools
- Investigation of the role of ASK genes in SCF function
in Arabidopsis (Risseeuw)
- Molecular biology of pathogen response signaling in
Arabidopsis (Fobert, Dépres)
Functional Genomics Projects at Agriculture Canada, Saskatoon
(AAFC-SRC)
(Lydiate, Parkin)
The Saskatoon Research Center of Agriculture Canada is conducting an active
program designed to exploit Arabidopsis model system in support
of genomics approaches to Brassica crop development. The program is funded
by the Agriculture Canada Genomics Program, and is supplemented by recent
support from Genome Canada. Program elements include:
- Genetic, physical and bioinformatics approaches to defining
the relationship between the Arabidopsis and Brassica genomes
- Targeted EST programs in Brassica and Arabidopsis,
with a biological emphasis on cold adaptation and biotic stress response
(fungal pathogenesis; insect herbivory)
- Development of an Arabidopsis activation-tagged
T-DNA insert population
- Development of SAGE libraries and tools for analysis
of gene expression in Arabidopsis and Brassica crop species
China
MASC Contacts:
JiaYang Li (jyli@genetics.ac.cn)
ZhangCai Yan (yanzc@mail.nsfc.gov.cn)
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
has set up a major project to support functional genomics research on
Transcriptional Regulators in Arabidopsis. The NSFC maintains a
website at http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/english/english.html.
European Union
MASC contact: Bernard Mulligan (bernard.mulligan@cec.eu.int)
Information compiled by Karin van de Sande (kvd1@york.ac.uk)
The European Union has highlighted Functional Genomics approaches,
including plant genomics, in previous Framework research funding
programmes. In the current 5th Framework Programme (1998-2002) (FP5) a
wide variety of fundamental and applied plant genomics research is supported
under the specific programme called Quality
of Life and Management of Living Resources each project involves
participation of several European countries. The following list illustrates
some of the on-going funded research projects involving Arabidopsis
(funding more than €40 million):
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EXOTIC (Exon Trapping Insert Consortium)
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NATURAL (Natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana: resources
for functional analysis)
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REGIA (Regulatory Gene Initiative in Arabidopsis)
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ECCO (European cell cycle consortium)
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ASSOCIOPORT (Associomics of membrane proteins
in yeast and Arabidopsis)
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TF-STRESS (Transcription factors controlling plant responses to environ-
mental stress conditions
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CONFAB (Controlling Fatty Acid Breakdown in order to produce viable
oilseeds with increased yields of novel oils)
- EDEN (Enzyme Discovery in hybrid aspen for fibre Engineering)
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GVE (Growth, Vigour, Environment)
- NONEMA (Making plants resistant to plant parasitic nematodes:
no access - no feeding)
- GEMINI (Genetic determination of Maritime pine pulp
and paper properties)
- EUROPECTIN (Upgrading sugarbeet pectins by enzymatic
modification and molecular farming)
- GMOCARE (New methodologies for assessing the potential
of unintended effects in genetically modified food crops)
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PLANET (European Plant genome Database Network)
FP5 also currently supports about 30 young scientists with
individual fellowships to carry out research on Arabidopsis.
The EU Quality of Life Programme websitecan be found at:
http://www.cordis.lu/life/. For
a database of existing and past EU funded projects, please go to: http://www.cordis.lu/en/home.html
Planning of the 6th Framework Programme (2002-2006) is now
well underway (see http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/fp6/index_en.html).
Opportunities for plant science research will be available, for example,
in several of the proposed priority thematic areas. An invitation
to submit expressions of interest for networks of excellence
and integrated projects appropriate for the thematic priority
areas of FP6 was recently published by the EU Commission (deadline of
7 June 2002). Further details are available on http://www.cordis.lu/fp6/eoi-instruments
France
MASC Contact: Ian Small (small@evry.inra.fr)
The major source of Arabidopsis Functional Genomics
project funding in France is Génoplante (http://www.genoplante.org/),
a joint venture between public funding agencies (INRA, CNRS, CIRAD, IRD)
and several French Agbiotech companies (Biogemma, Aventis CropScience,
Bioplante). Génoplante has joined forces with GABI, a similar German
initiative, and several joint projects have recently been funded.
Non-Génoplante Programmes
Génoplante-funded programmes
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FLAGdb/FST, an inventory of flanking sequence tags from the Arabidopsis
T- DNA collection from Versailles (http://www.flagdb-genoplante-info.infobiogen.fr/projects/fst/)
-
CATMA, complete Arabidopsis thaliana microarray (http://jicbioinfo.bbsrc.ac.uk/CATMA/)
(Programme involving several EEC countries and funded by Génoplante
in France)
-
An Arabidopsis ORFeome (http://www.evry.inra.fr/public/projects/orfeome/
orfeome.html)
-
Analysis of the proteome of Arabidopsis (Contacts: Jacques
Joyard, jjoyard@cea.fr and Michel
Rossignol, rossignol@ensam.inra.fr)
-
Metabolomics: several projects are starting that will analyse levels
of various metabolites or protein co-factors in Arabidopsis
mutants (The Arabidopsis metabolome by NMR and mass spectroscopy,
R. Bligny, CEA, Grenoble; Cy tochromes P450, D. Werck, IBMP, Strasbourg;
Glycoproteins, V. Gomord, U. de Rouen; Cell wall polysaccharides,
H. Höfte, INRA, Versailles)
Génoplante-info database (http://genoplante-info.infobiogen.fr/)
will contain data from the following Arabidopsis projects: FLAGdb,
the FST database; GENEFARM, a list of fully annotated Arabidopsis
genome sequence data with other genomes; and AFPdb, the data produced
by the proteome project.
Germany
MASC Contacts:
Thomas Altmann (altmann@mpimp-golm.mpg.de)
Gerd Jürgens (gerd.juergens@uni-tuebingen.de)
Research on Arabidopsis thaliana has a long history
in Germany. Many individual German research groups have been using Arabidopsis
for analysis of specific topics in plant biology. Furthermore, individual
groups and German members of the European sequencing consortia contributed
to the analysis of both its genome structure and its sequencing. Functional
Arabidopsis genome analysis has recently received strong support
in Germany through the implementation of two major research programs supported
by the Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) and the German Research
Foundation (DFG). The aims and content of these two programs follow in
the paragraphs below.
Genome Analysis in the Plant Biological System (GABI)
http://www.gabi.de/
GABI Coordinator, Jens Freitag (freitag@mpimp-golm.mpg.de)
In 1999, the German plant genome program GABI´ was initiated
with the aim of strengthening plant genome research in Germany, establishing
a network of competence (to include public and private research groups
as well as business companies), enhancing international collaboration,
and enhancing the transfer of knowledge into application. GABI is the
acronym for Genome Analysis in the plant biological System.
Financial support for GABI is provided by the German ministry for education
and research (about 90% contribution) and private business companies (about
10% contribution). Within the GABI initiative, about half of the 50 million
Euro spent over a four-year period has been directed towards supporting
work on Arabidopsis thaliana. In GABI, a one-programme-thesis is
followed with respect to plant genome research. A fundamental principle
of this initiative is to establish a seamless transfer of research results
concerning the model organism(s) to real-life application in crop plants.
Established rules (http://www.gabi.de/news/notifications/indexe.html)
regulate the disclosure and use of research results obtained through GABI
activities.
A major aim of GABI is the establishment and support of
international co-operations. Developing a linking network of the various
national research activities is of particular interest in Europe considering
the current splintered structure of European research. A first step towards
setting up direct collaborative efforts in Europe is to establish joint
research projects between the French plant genome program, Génoplante
and the German GABI initiative. Here, the model plant Arabidopsis
serves as the front runner and provides a model for international cooperation.
The first joint projects will start sometime this year.
Plant technology and resource developments:
GABI Bioinformatics centers:
GABI-funded Arabidopsis research projects: http://mips.gsf.de/proj/gabi/projects/index.html#arabidopsis
Joint Génoplante - GABI projects:
-
Sharing sequence data and computer resources on T-DNA transformants
of Arabidopsis thaliana Bernd Weishaar (weisshaa@mpiz-koeln.mpg.de)
and Alain Lecharny (Alain.Lecharny@evry.inra.fr)
-
Functional genomics of membrane transporters - A European genomics
and proteomics resource for plant membrane transporter Ulf
Ingo Flügge (ui.fluegge@uni-koeln.de)
and Jacques Joyard (Jjoyard@cea.fr)
-
Cell wall: Interactions between components, identification and functional
analysis of cell wall proteins and polysaccharide Martin Steup
(msteup@rz.uni-potsdam.de)
and Rafael Pont-Lezica (lezica@smcv.ups-tlse.fr)
-
Functional genomics of nitrogen utilisation and nitrogen signaling
Mark Stitt (stitt@mpimp-golm.mpg.de)
and Françoise Vedele
(vedele@versailles.inra.fr)
-
A fifth joint French - German project is in discussion and will come
up soon. The working title of this project is: Evaluation of
natural diversity in Arabidopsis accessions for traits of agronomic
or basic importance. The coordinators of this project will be:
Georges Pelletier (pelletie@versailles.inra.fr), Mark Stitt (stitt@mpimp-golm.mpg.de)
and Thomas Altmann (altmann@mpimp-
golm.mpg.de)
Arabidopsis Functional Genomics Network (AFGN)
http://www.uni-frankfurt.de/fb15/botanik/mcb/AFGN/AFGNHome.html
AFGN Coordinator: Lutz Nover (nover@cellbiology.uni-frankfurt.de)
In addition to the GABI program funded by the BMBF, another initiative
discussed a year ago has attracted attention in Germany. The Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - German Research Foundation is coordinating
with the US National Science Foundation (NSF) to support projects on Arabidopsis
functional genome analysis. AFGN, the Arabidopsis Functional Genomics
Network, has been established in order to achieve the enormous goal of
elucidating the function of all Arabidopsis genes within the next
ten years. This will undoubtedly only be possible if additional programmes
in other countries also participate.
Information about AFGN-funded projects:
http://www.uni-frankfurt.de/fb15/botanik/mcb/AFGN/Memebers.html
Italy
MASC Contact: Fernando Migliaccio (fernando.migliaccio@mlib.cnr.it)
Groups involved in Arabidopsis functional genomics
research in Italy:
Chiurazzi Group (chiurazzi@iigb.cnr.it)
Costantino Group (paolo.costantino@uniroma1.it)
Funding from the EU FP5 Programme REGIA project, Ministry
of Research grants, and Institut Pasteur -Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti
grant.
Marmiroli Group (marmirol@ipruniv.cce.unipr.it
Migliaccio Group (fernando.migliaccio@mlib.cnr.it)
Funding from the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Italian
Space Agency (ASI).
Morelli Group (morelli@inn.ingrm.it)
Funding from Ministry of Research grants.
Ruberti Group (ida.ruberti@uniroma.it)
Funding from the EU FP5 Programme REGIA project, the EU
FP5 Programme TF-stress project, and Ministry of Research grants.
Soave Group (carlo.soave@unimi.it)
-
Study of proteins that interact with H-ATPases proton pumps
-
Isolation of Arabidopsis mutants altered in the sensitivity
to the photoinhibition
-
Isolation of knock-out mutants altered in the active oxygen scavenging
pro- cesses, in the sensitivity to UV-B radiation
-
Tonelli Group (chiara.tonelli@unimi.it)
-
Large-scale Exon-trapping System Dr. Massimo Galbiati (massimo.galbiati@unimi.it)
-
Functional analysis of MYB and NF-Y transcription factors in Arabidopsis
Dr. Katia Petroni (katia.petroni@unimi.it)
Funding from the EU FP5 Programme, Exotic Project, the EU
FP5 Programme, REGIA Project, and the Italian Ministry of University and
Research.
Japan
MASC Contact: Kazuo Shinozaki (sinozaki@rtc.riken.go.jp)
Arabidopsis Functional Genomics efforts in Japan:
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Collection and phenotype analysis of Ds transposon-tagged lines with
the goal of making a library of phenotypes, and collection of full-length
cDNAs at RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center (Contacts: Kazuo Shinozaki,
sinozaki@rtc.riken.go.jp
and Motoaki Seki, mseki@rtc.riken.go.jp)
-
The Functional Genomics Research Group of RIKEN Genomic Sciences
Center, in collaboration with the Arabidopsis SPP Group of
the United States(http://sequence-www.stanford.edu/ara/SPP.html),
have made about 8,000 sequenced, full-length cDNAs publicly available
through the RIKEN Bioresource Center (Contact: Masatomo Kobayashi,
kobayasi@rtc.riken.go.jp)
-
Collaborating with the RIKEN group on the phenotypic analysis project
is the group of Kiyotaka Okada at the RIKEN Plant Science Center (Contact:
Kiyotaka Okada, Kiyo@ok-lab.bot.Kyoto-u.ac.jp)
-
Collection of activation tagging lines at RIKEN Genome Science Center
(Con- tact: Minami Matsui, minami@postman.riken.go.jp)
-
Genome-wide analysis of the cell wall genes (Contact Kazuhiko Nishitani,
nishitan@mail.cc.tohoku.ac.jp)
-
Analysis of the Homeo-box genes of Arabidopsis and rice (Contact
Makoto Matsuoka, makoto@nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp)
-
Collection of T-DNA tagged lines created by the Kazusa group, Arabidopsis
and Lotus ESTs (Contact Satoshi Tabata, tabata@kazusa.or.jp)
-
Distribution and Data accumulation of Arabidopsis cDNA arrays
(Contact JCAA, Japan
Arabidopsis Array Consortium@isize.egroups.co.jp)
The RIKEN Bioresource Center started in 2002 to collect
Arabidopsis resources produced in Japan, such as: full-length cDNAs;
Ds tagging lines and Activation tagging lines produced at the RIKEN Genomic
Sciences Center; various ecotyptes and mutants from Sendai Arabidopsis
Seed stock Center (PI: Prof Mobuharu Goto); and T-DNA tagging lines from
Kazusa DNA Research Institute. The PI for the RIKEN Bioresource Center
is Masatamo Kobayashi (kobayasi@rtc.riken.go.jp).
For distribution and data accumulation of Arabidopsis
cDNA arrays, contact the JCAA (Japan
Arabidopsis Array Consortium@isize.egroups.co.jp).
United Kingdom
MASC Contacts:
Ottoline Leyser (hmol1@york.ac.uk)
Karin van de Sande (kvd1@york.ac.uk)
Ian Furner (ijf@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk)
Keith Lindsey (keith.lindsey@durham.ac.uk)
Sean May (arabidopsis@nottingham.ac.uk)
Compiled by Karin van de Sande
GARNet, the Genomic Arabidopsis Resource Network
(http://garnet.arabidopsis.org.uk)
GARNet is establishing the infrastructure and expertise to provide reliable
and efficient user-driven and publicly-available functional genomics resources
for Arabidopsis research. GARNet started in January 2000 with funding
from the UK BBRSC (Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council)
for a three year period. The services will move onto a cost recovery basis
when BBSRC funding is finished. All GARNet services and resources are
publicly available and data created using the GARNet resources will be
made publicly available via various databases designed and held at the
Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre (AGR, NTP) and the The John
Innes Centre (ATIdb).
Services available at GARNet include:
The BBSRC Exploiting Genomics Initiative
The BBSRC launched a targeted initiative to allow researchers in the UK
to assemble consortia to use Functional Genomics approaches to tackle
their research priorities. Below are the plant-related projects funded
in this programme.
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Functional genomics of shoot meristem dormancy (Leyser, H. M. O.,
M. Holdsworth, and M. M. Campbell)
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Exploiting genomics to make glycosidic bonds in vitro and metabolic
engi- neering in vivo (Bowles, D. J., G. Davies, R. Edwards, B. G.
Davis, and H. J. Gilbert)
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Computational approaches to identifying gene regulatory systems in
Arabidopsis (May, S. T., M. W. Bevan, and G. C. Cawley)
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Prediction of protein function in plant genomes using data mining
(King, R., H. J. Ougham, and S. T. May)
European Union Framework
Scientists in the UK participate in European collaborations
through the European Unions Framework research opportunities, including
CONFAB, EDEN, EXOTIC, GVE, NATURAL, NONEMA, PLANET and REGIA (see European
Union section for more information).
Databases
AGR: Arabidopsis Genome Resource (http://ukcrop.net/agr/)
UK CropNet: The UK Crop Plant Bioinformatics Network (http://ukcrop.net/)
ATIdb: Arabidopsis Transposon Insertion database (http://stein.cshl.org/~x-pan/atidb/index.html)
Web sites
GARNet: http://garnet.arabidopsis.org.uk/
Plant-GEMs: http://plant-gems.org/
NASC: http://arabidopsis.org.uk/
JIC: http://www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/
Newsgroup
Arab-uk, the UK mailing list to discuss anything Arabidopsis
(Arabuk@lists.bbsrc.ac.uk)
United States
MASC Contacts:
Mike Sussman (msussman@facstaff.wisc.edu)
Mary Lou Guerinot (Mary.Lou.Guerinot@Dartmouth.edu)
The Arabidopsis research community in the United
States is coordinated by the North American Arabidopsis Steering
Committee, consisting of 6 elected members who serve two-year terms. Two
members rotate off every year. Two members of the Committee represent
U.S. on the Multinational Arabidopsis Steering Committee.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) (https://www.nsf.gov)
initiated the Arabidopsis 2010 Project in fiscal year 2001. The
programs goal is to determine the function of 25,000 genes in Arabidopsis
by the year 2010. The current foci of the Project are to determine the
function of a network of genes and to develop research tools and resources
that enable the entire research community to participate in the 2010 activities.
NSF requires that the 2010 awards be coordinated with similar activities
world-wide, that the investigators post publicly the identity of genes
under investigation, and that the outcome of the awards (data, information
and materials) be made available to the public according to the timetable
approved by NSF. Twenty-seven projects were funded under this program
(see https://www.nsf.gov/bio/pubs/awards/2010fy01.htm
for a list of awards) in 2001. The NSF expects to continue the Arabidopsis
2010 Project for 10 years, although the focus of the Project may change.
In addition to the Arabidopsis 2010 Project, other
activities related to Arabidopsis research are supported by various
programs at NSF, including individual research projects, workshops/meetings,
information resources and informatics tools development, and the biological
resource center. NSF award information can be found at https://www.fastlane.nsf.gov/a6/A6
AwardSearch.htm. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (http://www.reeusda.gov/nri/pubs/abstracts/programlinks01.htm),
the U.S. Department of Energy (http://www.sc.doe.gov/production/bes/
eb/ebhome.html) and the National Institutes of Health (http://www.nih.gov),
especially the National Institutes of General Medical Sciences, support
many research projects involving Arabidopsis, although they do
not have a funding program specifically targeted to Arabidopsis
research (NIH awards can be searched at http://commons.cit.nih.gov/crisp3/
Crisp_Query.Generate_Screen).
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