These notes pertain to the tables in this section and in section B except as noted in footnotes and other explanatory information noted at the end of specific tables.
Companies were categorized by total number of domestic employees. See section B, "Comparability of Statistics," for information on how this expanded array of company size classes compare to size classes used in previous reports. The following are the size classes used in this report:
The survey excludes companies with fewer than 5 employees to limit burden on small business enterprises in compliance with the Office of Management and Budget's (OMB) guidelines for Federal Government agencies. To reduce the variability in the statistics that can be attributed to the random year-to-year selection of small companies by industry and the high sampling weights that sometimes are assigned to them, the frame from which the statistical sample was selected was divided into two partitions based on total company employment. In the manufacturing sector companies with employment of 50 or more and in the non-manufacturing sector companies with employment of 15 or more were included in the large company partition. Companies in the respective sectors with employment below these values (but with at least 5 employees) were included in the small company partition. Because of this, detailed industry statistics were possible only from the large company partition; detailed industry statistics from the small company partition were not possible. In the tables, statistics from the small company partition are shown separately, but are included in "manufacturing," "nonmanufacturing," and "all industries" totals. [9]
Statistics in all tables are reported in current dollars. Constant dollars are also presented in the summary tables (A-1, A-25, A-26, and A-27). Gross domestic product (GDP) implicit price deflators were used to convert current to constant dollars.
Title 13 of the United States Code prohibits publication or release of data or statistics that may reveal information about individual companies. Therefore, the data in some table cells may have been deleted and replaced with "(D)." This occurs when a small number of companies account for a large percentage of the estimate in a particular data cell. Although publication of certain cells may be withheld, the estimates in the cells are always included in totals. The tables most often affected by cell suppression are those that contain data on Federal support for R&D performance.
The statistics in this report cover only those operations located in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Statistics on company-sponsored R&D performed outside the United States by foreign subsidiaries of U.S. domestic companies are included in tables A-11 and A-12 but excluded from all other tables.
Missing data for major data items were estimated using mathematical algorithms developed from industry comparisons, data from previous cycles of the survey, and other information. Therefore, the statistics in some table cells may be accompanied by the notation "(S)," which indicates that the imputation rate—the percentage of the statistic not reported by respondents and consequently estimated—exceeds 50 percent for that item. In such cases, the estimate may be statistically unreliable. See table B-5 for imputation rates for specific items.
One North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) code was assigned to each company. Multiestablishment companies were assigned a single code based on the most dominant aggregated activity for that firm in terms of total payroll. See section B for information on NAICS and how it compares with the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system used in previous reports. Statistics for the following industries and industry groupings are published in this report (NAICS codes are shown in parentheses [10]):
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES (31+32+33)
Food (311)
Beverage and tobacco products (312)
Textiles, apparel, and leather (313+314+315+316
Wood products (321)
Paper, printing and support activities (322+323)
Petroleum and coal products (324)
Chemicals (325)
Basic chemicals (3251)
Resin, synthetic rubber, fibers, and filament (3252)
Pharmaceuticals and medicines (3254)
Other chemicals (325 minus (3251+3252+3254))
Plastics and rubber products (326)
Nonmetallic mineral products (327)
Primary metals (331)
Fabricated metal products (332)
Machinery (333)
Computer and electronic products (334)
Computers and peripheral equipment (3341)
Communications equipment (3342)
Semiconductor and other electronic components (3344)
Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and
control instruments (3345)
Other computer and electronic products (334 minus (3341+3342+3344+3345))
Electrical equipment, appliances, and components (335)
Transportation equipment (336)
Motor vehicles, trailers, and parts (3361+3362+3363)
Aerospace products and parts (3364)
Other transportation equipment (336 minus (3361+3362+3363+3364))
Furniture and related products (337)
Miscellaneous manufacturing (339)
Medical equipment and supplies (3391)
Other miscellaneous manufacturing (339 minus 3391)
Other manufacturing ((31+32+33) minus [(311 through 316)+(321 through 327)+(331 through 337)+339)])
NONMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 21+22+23+42+(44 through 81)
Mining, extraction, and support activities (21)
Utilities (22)
Construction (23)
Trade (42+44+45)
Transportation and warehousing (48+49)
Information (51)
Publishing (511)
Newspaper, periodical, book, and database (5111)
Software (5112)
Broadcasting and telecommunications (513)
Radio and television broadcasting (5131)
Telecommunications (5133)
Other broadcasting and telecommunications (513 minus (5131+5133))
Other information (51 minus (511+513))
Finance, insurance, and real estate (52+53)
Professional, scientific, and technical services (54)
Architectural, engineering, and related services (5413)
Computer systems design and related services (5415)
Scientific R&D services (5417)
Other professional, scientific, and technical services (54 minus (5413+5415+5417))
Management of companies and enterprises (55)
Health care services (621+622+623)
Other nonmanufacturing (56+61+624+71+72+81)
Percentages were calculated on the basis of thousands of dollars and may differ slightly from those calculated using the rounded figures shown.
The basic reporting unit was the company, firm, or enterprise that included all establishments under common ownership or control. All R&D expenditures and all information about scientists and engineers of each company were classified into a single NAICS code and size category.
Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. Most money amounts are expressed in millions of dollars and are rounded down if less than $500,000 [11] or up if $500,000 or more. Frequency estimates (e.g., number of companies) are accumulated from decimal weights assigned to company records (see section B) and are rounded down if less than 0.5 and rounded up if 0.5 or greater. Most employment counts (e.g., number of scientists and engineers) are expressed in thousands and are rounded down if less than 500 or up if 500 or greater.
Zeroes are shown in the tables when numerical values are accumulated from the statistical file to estimate a particular cell and the accumulated sum equals zero. This accumulated sum is sometimes referred to as a "true zero." In the cases where there were no numerical values to accumulate, the cell is filled with "—" indicating that data were not collected. For example, in table A-3, the 1999 cell for "other manufacturing" contains "—" because data were not collected for 1999 but were collected for 1997 and 1998 (the other two years shown in the table). [12]
| Table | Total Funds for R&D |  |
 |
|---|---|---|---|
| A-1 | Trends in total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by source of funds, in current and in constant dollars: 1953-99 | .xls | |
| A-2 | Summary data for companies performing industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company: 1998-99 | .xls | |
| A-3 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-4 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by industry, by size of company: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-5 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US and number of companies that performed R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company, by size of total R&D program: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-6 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US and number of companies in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries that performed industrial R&D in the US, by size of company: 1999 | .xls | |
| Table | Company and Other Non-Federal Funds for R&D | |
|
| A-7 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-8 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by industry, by size of company: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-9 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US and number of companies that performed company and other non-federally funded R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company, by size of non-federally funded R&D program: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-10 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US contracted to outside organizations and number of R&D-performing companies that contracted out performance of company-funded R&D, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-11 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance outside of the US and number of companies with subsidiaries that performed industrial R&D both within and outside of the US, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-12 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance outside of the US and number of companies with subsidiaries that performed industrial R&D both within and outside of the US, by location of R&D performance (country): 1999 | .xls | |
| Table | Federal Funds for R&D | |
|
| A-13 | Federal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-14 | Federal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by industry, by size of company: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-15 | Federal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US and number of companies that performed federally funded R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company, by size of federally funded R&D program: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-16 | Federal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by selected Federal agency and selected industry: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-17 | Industry-administered federally funded R&D centers (FFRDCs)–R&D funds by character of work, number of full-time equivalent (FTE) R&D scientists and engineers, and total employment: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| Table | R&D Funds as a Percentage of Net Sales | |
|
| A-18 | Domestic net sales of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry, by size of company: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-19 | Concentration of total, Federal, and company and other industrial R&D funds and net sales of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, ranked by size of R&D program: 1989-99 | .xls | |
| A-20 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US as a percent of net sales of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-21 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US as a percent of net sales of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-22 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US as a percent of net sales of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company, ranked by size of R&D program: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-23 | Company and other nonfederal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US as a percent of net sales of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company, ranked by size of non-federally funded R&D program: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-24 | Federal funds for industrial R&D performance in the US as a percent of net sales of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company, ranked by size of federally-funded R&D program: 1999 | .xls | |
| Table | Funds for Basic Research, Applied Research, and Development | |
|
| A-25 | Trends in total (Federal plus company and other) funds for performance of industrial basic research, applied research, and development in the US, in current and in constant dollars: 1953-99 | .xls | |
| A-26 | Trends in company and other nonfederal funds for performance of industrial basic research, applied research, and development in the US, in current and in constant dollars: 1953-99 | .xls | |
| A-27 | Trends in Federal funds for performance of industrial basic research, applied research, and development in the US, in current and in constant dollars: 1953-99 | .xls | |
| A-28 | Funds for performance of and number of companies that performed industrial basic research, applied research, and development in the US, by industry, by source of funds: 1999 | .xls | |
| Table | Energy R&D | |
|
| A-29 | Total, Federal, company and other funds for industrial energy R&D performance in the US and number of companies that performed energy R&D in the US, by selected industry and by size of company: 1999 and projected 2000 | .xls | |
| A-30 | Total, Federal, company and other funds for industrial energy R&D performance in the US and number of companies that performed energy R&D in the US, by primary energy source: 1999 and projected 2000 | .xls | |
| Table | Geographic Distribution of R&D | |
|
| A-31 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by state in selected years: 1981-99 | .xls | |
| A-32 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US and number of companies that performed R&D in the US, by state and source of funds: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-33 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US and number of R&D-performing companies in the US, by industry and by size of company, for the U. S. and top 10 R&D-performing states: 1999 | .xls | |
| Table | Distribution by Type of R&D Cost | |
|
| A-34 | Total (Federal plus company and other) funds for industrial R&D performance in the US, by industry and by size of company, by type of cost: 1999 | .xls | |
| Table | R&D Employment | |
|
| A-35 | Domestic employment of companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry, by size of company: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-36 | R&D funds per employee spent by companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls | |
| A-37 | Distribution of total employment in companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, ranked by size of R&D program: 1989-99 | .xls | |
| A-38 | Number of full-time equivalent (FTE) R&D scientists and engineers in companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company, by source of R&D funds: January 2000 | .xls | |
| A-39 | R&D funds per full-time equivalent (FTE) R&D scientist or engineer spent by companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry, by size of company: 1999 | .xls | |
| A-40 | R&D funds per full-time equivalent (FTE) R&D scientist or engineer spent by companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, ranked by size of R&D program: 1989-99 | .xls | |
| A-41 | Full-time equivalent (FTE) R&D scientists and engineers per 1,000 employees in companies that performed industrial R&D in the US, by industry and by size of company: 1997-99 | .xls |
[9] See "Frame Creation" and "Sample Selection" in section B for more information on the 5-employee cut-off and partitioning of the statistical sample.
[10] The 1997 version of NAICS was used for the 1999 survey.
[11] For values less than $500,000, no estimate appears, but the cell is flagged with a footnote marker
[12] For 1999, with the advent of NAICS, data for the "other manufacturing" classification were not collected because all of the possible NAICS manufacturing industry classifications are represented elsewhere in the industry stub. No doubt, in future years as NAICS is expanded, data will be collected for the "other manufacturing" classification.
