| DOD | | Department of Defense |
| DOE | | Department of Energy |
| FFRDC | | federally funded research and development center |
| FTE | | full-time equivalent |
| FY | | fiscal year |
| GDP | | gross domestic product |
| GSP | | gross state product |
| HHS | | Department of Health and Human Services |
| IRI | | Industrial Research Institute |
| NASA | | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NIH | | National Institutes of Health |
| NSF | | National Science Foundation |
| OPM | | Office of Personnel Management |
| PPP | | purchasing power parity |
| R&D | | research and development |
| SIC | | Standard Industrial Classification |
| SSA | | Social Security Administration |
| S&Es | | scientists and engineers |
