Women, Minorities, and Persons with

Disabilities in Science and Engineering

List of Figures




Chapter 1
Introduction 

Figure 1-1 Percentage of degrees in science and engineering and in non–science-and-engineering fields to women, by level of degree: 1995
Figure 1-2 Percentage of bachelor's degrees in science and engineering and in non–science-and-engineering fields to men and women, by race/ethnicity: 1995
Figure 1-3 Percentage of the U.S. civilian labor force and the science and engineering labor force, by sex and race/ethnicity: 1995
Figure 1-4 Percentage of the U.S. population, employed persons in United States, and employed scientists and engineers, by sex and disability status: 1995

Chapter 2
Precollege Education 

Figure 2-1 Percentage of students and teachers who are minority, by type of school: 1988, 1991, and 1994
Figure 2-2 Percentage of students ages 6 to 21 with disabilities by type of educational environment: 1988–1994
Figure 2-3 Average NAEP mathematics and sciences scores at grades 4, 8, and 12, by sex: 1996
Figure 2-4 Percentage of students scoring at or above proficient level on NAEP mathematics assessment in grades 4, 8, and 12, by sex: 1996
Figure 2-5 Percentage of high school graduates taking algebra II in high school, by race/ethnicity: 1982, 1987, 1990, and 1994
Figure 2-6 Percentage of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 scoring below the basic proficiency level in mathematics, by race/ethnicity: 1996
Figure 2-7 Average NAEP science scores at grades 4, 8, and 12, by race/ethnicity: 1996
Figure 2-8 Gender difference in three subjects, 1960–1990
Figure 2-9 Percent of SAT takers who have a parent with a college degree, by race/ethnicity: 1996
Figure 2-10 Percent of 1996 SAT takers who took the PSAT, by race/ethnicity and sex

Chapter 3
The Undergraduate Experience in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering 

Figure 3-1 Representation index of racial/ethnic/gender categories in total college enrollment: 1980–1994, selected years
Figure 3-2 Representation index of racial/ethnic/gender categories in the total enrollment at 2-year institutions: 1980, 1990–1994
Figure 3-3 Representation index of racial/ethnic/gender categories in the total enrollment of undergraduate students at 4-year institutions: 1980, 1990–1994
Figure 3-4 Degrees conferred by institutions in Puerto Rico as a percentage of all degrees awarded to Hispanics in the United States

Chapter 4
Graduate Education 

Figure 4-1 Graduate science and engineering enrollment growth rate by sex: 1985–1995
Figure 4-2 Science and engineering graduate students, by field of enrollment: 1995
Figure 4-3 Science and engineering enrollment, by field and gender: 1995
Figure 4-4 Science and engineering graduate students by enrollment status and gender: 1995
Figure 4-5 Primary source of support for full-time science and engineering graduate students in science, by sex: 1995
Figure 4-6 Female graduate science and engineering enrollment, by institutional rank: 1995
Figure 4-7 Percentage change in science and engineering enrollment, by field and race/ethnicity of U.S. citizens and permanent residents: 1985–1995
Figure 4-8 Science and engineering graduate students, by field of enrollment: 1995
Figure 4-9 Science and engineering graduate students by race and gender: 1995
Figure 4-10 Science and engineering graduate students attending HBCUs: 1985 and 1995
Figure 4-11 Total science and engineering master's and doctorate recipients by sex: 1970–1995
Figure 4-12 Women as a percent of master's and doctorate recipients, by major field: 1995
Figure 4-13 Total doctoral degrees awarded and percentage received by women: 1985 and 1995
Figure 4-14 Number of science and engineering doctoral degrees awarded and percentage received by women: 1995
Figure 4-15 Science and engineering degrees as a percentage of total doctoral degrees awarded, by racial/ethnic group: 1985 and 1995
Figure 4-16 Percentage increase in doctoral degrees awarded to male U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by racial/ethnic group: 1985-1995
Figure 4-17 Percentage increase in doctoral degrees awarded to female U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by racial/ethnic group: 1985-1995
Figure 4-18 Percentage of science and engineering doctorate recipients who received their doctoral degrees within 15 years of receipt of their bachelor’s degree, by disability status and sex: 1995
Figure 4-19 Percentage of science and engineering doctorate recipients who received their doctoral degrees within 10 years and within 15 years of their bachelor's degree, by race/ethnicity: 1995

Chapter 5
Employment 

Figure 5-1 Women as a percentage of the U.S. labor force and of the science and engineering labor force, by field of science and engineering: 1995
Figure 5-2 Ratio of female to male unemployment rates of persons with doctoral degrees in science and engineering and persons 20 years of age and over in the overall population: 1973–1995
Figure 5-3 Academic rank of full-time employed rank science and engineering faculty in 4-year colleges and universities, by sex: 1995
Figure 5-4 Median annual salaries of bachelor's computer scientists, by sex and age: 1995
Figure 5-5 Scientists and engineers in the labor force, by race/ethnicity: 1995
Figure 5-6 Asians as a percentage of the science and engineering labor force, by occupation: 1995
Figure 5-7 Blacks as a percentage of the science and engineering labor force, by occupation: 1995
Figure 5-8 American Indians as a percentage of the science and engineering labor force, by occupation: 1995
Figure 5-9 Hispanics as a percentage of the science and engineering labor force, by occupation: 1995
Figure 5-10 Whites as a percentage of the science and engineering labor force, by occupation: 1995
Figure 5-11 Academic rank of full-time employed ranked doctoral science and engineering faculty in 4-year colleges and universities, by race/ethnicity: 1995
Figure 5-12 Percent of full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers in 4-year colleges or universities who are supported by contracts or grants from the U.S. government, by race/ethnicity: 1995
Figure 5-13 Percent of scientists and engineers with disabilities who are in the labor force, by age at onset of disability: 1995
Figure 5-14 Employment status of scientists and engineers by disability status: 1995

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