Title : Annotated List of FFRDCs--all textual matter Type : Annotated List of FFRDCs: 1995 NSF Org: SBE / SRS Date : March 17, 1995 File : s4295000 Annotated List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers 1995 Prepared by Mary V. Burke, with assistance from Jennifer R. Gray, National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Studies, Arlington, VA 22230, February 1995. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contents Page General Notes 3 Master Government List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers, FY 1995, by Sponsoring Agencies 9 Geographic Location of FFRDCs 14 Categories of Activities of FFRDCs 17 Descriptions of Individual FFRDCs Aerospace Corporation 19 Ames Laboratory 19 Argonne National Laboratory 19 Arroyo Center 20 Brookhaven National Laboratory 20 C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center 21 Center for Advanced Aviation System Development 21 Center for Naval Analyses 22 Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses 22 Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility 22 Critical Technologies Institute 23 Energy Technology Engineering Center 23 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory 23 Idaho National Engineering Laboratory 24 Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute 25 Institute for Defense Analyses 25 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 25 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 26 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 26 Lincoln Laboratory 27 Logistics Management Institute 27 Los Alamos National Scientific Laboratory 27 NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center 28 National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center 29 National Center for Atmospheric Research 29 National Defense Research Institute 29 National Optical Astronomy Observatories 29 National Radio Astronomy Observatory 29 National Renewable Energy Research Laboratory 30 Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education 30 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 31 Pacific Northwest Laboratories 31 Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory 31 Project Air Force 32 Sandia National Laboratory 32 Savannah River Technology Center 32 Software Engineering Institute 33 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center 33 Tax Systems Modernization Institute 33 Tables 1. Federal Obligations for Research and Development to Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs) by Individual FFRDC and Agency: Fiscal Year 1992 35 2. Federal Obligations for R&D Plant to Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs) by Individual FFRDC and Agency: Fiscal Year 1992 36 General Notes Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs) have evolved from research facilities established to meet the special needs of World War II. Until 1967 the centers were called "Federal Contract Research Centers." In that year the Federal Council for Science and Technology (FCST) set criteria for the newly-named "Federally Funded Research and Development Centers." The FCST Memorandum of November 1, 1967 included: General Guidelines In general, all of the following criteria should be met by an institutional unit before it is to be included in the category "Federally Funded Research and Development Center." (a) Primary activities include one or more of the following: basic research, applied research, development, or management of R&D; specifically excluded are organizations engaged primarily in: routine quality control and testing, routine service activities, production, mapping and surveys, and information dissemination. (b) Constitute a separate organizational unit within the parent organization or is organized as a separately incorporated organization. (c) Performs actual R&D or R&D management either upon direct request of the Government or under a broad charter from the Government, but in either case under the direct monitorship of the Government. (d) Receives its major financial support (70% or more) from the Federal Government, usually from one agency. (e) Has or is expected to have a long-term relationship with its sponsoring agency (about five years or more), as evidenced by the specific obligations it and the agency assume. (f) Most or all of the facilities are owned or funded for in the contract by the Government. (g) Has an average annual budget (operating and capital equipment) of at least $500,000. In 1984 the Office of Federal Procurement Policy amended the criteria to read as follows: 5.c. Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC). (1) FFRDCs do not have a prescribed organizational structure. They can range from the traditional contractor-owned/contractor-operated or Government-owned/contractor-operated (GOCO) organizational structures to various degrees of contractor/Government control and ownership. In general, however, all of the following criteria should be met before an activity is identified as an FFRDC: (a) Performs, analyzes, integrates, supports (non-financial) and/or manages basic research, applied research, and/or development. (Activities primarily engaged in routine quality control and testing, routine service activities, production, mapping, and surveys, and information dissemination, even though otherwise meeting the requirements of paragraph 5.c., are specifically excluded from FFRDC designation.) (b) Performance of the functions in 5.c.(1)(a) is either upon the direct request of the Government or under a broad charter from the Government, but in either case the results are directly monitored by the Government. However, the monitoring shall not be such as to create a personal services relationship, or to cause disruptions that are detrimental to the productivity and/or quality of the FFRDC's work. (c) The majority of the activity's financial support (70% or more) is received from the Government with a single agency usually predominating in that financial support. (d) In general, most or all of the facilities are owned by the Government or funded, under contract, by the Government. (e) The activity is operated, managed and/or administered by either a university or consortium of universities, other nonprofit organization or industrial firm as an autonomous organization or as an identifiable separate operating unit of a parent organization. (f) A long term relationship evidenced by specific agreement exists or is expected to exist between the operator, manager, or administrator of the activity and its primary sponsor. (2) In addition to the above criteria, the relationship between the activity and the Government should exhibit the following characteristics in order to qualify for FFRDC identification: (a) The activity (organization and/or facilities) is brought into existence at the initiative of a Government agency or bureau to meet some special research or development need which, at the time, cannot be met as effectively by existing in-house or contractor resources. (b) Work from other than a sponsoring agency is undertaken only to the extent permitted by the sponsoring agency and in accordance with the procedures of the sponsoring agency. (c) The activity, whether the operator of its own or a Government- owned facility, has access, beyond that which is common to the normal contractual relationship, to Government and/or supplier data, employees, and facilities needed to discharge its responsibilities efficiently and effectively, whether the data is sensitive/proprietary or not. (d) The primary sponsor undertakes the responsibility to assure a reasonable continuity in the level of support to the activity consistent with the agency's need for the activity and the terms of the sponsoring agreement. (e) The activity is required to conduct its business in a responsible manner befitting its special relationship with the Government, to operate in the public interest free from organizational conflict of interest, and to disclose its affairs (as an FFRDC) to the primary sponsor. In 1990 additional Federal Acquisition Regulations criteria for FFRDCs were published in the Federal Register: 35.017 (a) (2) An FFRDC meets some special long-term research or development need which cannot be met as effectively by existing in-house or contractor resources. FFRDC's enable agencies to use private sector resources to accomplish tasks that are integral to the mission and operation of the sponsoring agency. An FFRDC, in order to discharge its responsibilities to the sponsoring agency, has access, beyond that which is common to the normal contractual relationship, to Government and supplier data, including sensitive and proprietary data, and to employees and facilities. The FFRDC is required to conduct its business in a manner befitting its special relationship with the Government, to operate in the public interest with objectivity and independence, to be free from organizational conflicts of interest, and to have full disclosure of its affairs to the sponsoring agency. It is not the Government's intent that an FFRDC use its privileged information or access to facilities to compete with the private sector. However, an FFRDC may perform work for other than the sponsoring agency under the Economy Act, or other applicable legislation, when the work is not otherwise available from the private sector. (3) FFRDC's are operated, managed, and/or administered by either a university or consortium of universities, other not-for-profit or nonprofit organization, or an industrial firm, as an autonomous organization or as an identifiable separate operating unit of a parent organization. (4) Long-term relationships between the Government and FFRDC's are encouraged in order to provide the continuity that will attract high-quality personnel to the FFRDC. This relationship should be of a type to encourage the FFRDC to maintain currency in its field(s) of expertise, maintain its objectivity and independence, preserve its familiarity with the needs of its sponsor(s), and provide a quick response capability. Several National Science Foundation (NSF) publications report funding or expenditures data for FFRDCs. These include the following annual series: Academic Science and Engineering: R&D Expenditures; Federal Funds for Research and Development; Federal Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions; and Research and Development in Industry. To meet the needs of these publications, since the 1950's NSF has maintained a list of Federal Contract Research Centers and since 1967, of FFRDCs. In 1990 NSF was given new responsibilities, 35.017-6 Master list of FFRDC's. The National Science Foundation (NSF) maintains a list of FFRDC's. Primary sponsors will provide information on each FFRDC, including sponsoring agreements, mission statements, funding data, and type of R&D being performed, to the NSF upon its request for such information. Thus, NSF maintains the Master Government List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers but does not decide which organizations meet the FFRDC criteria. Rather, each FFRDC is added to the list when NSF is notified that approval is received from the head of the sponsoring agency. A second list, this "Annotated List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers," has been prepared to help participants in the Small Business Administration's Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program. The STTR pilot program was mandated by legislation in 1992 and includes FFRDCs as possible partners with business. Under the STTR program, a portion of each Federal participating agency's extramural R&D budget is reserved for cooperative R&D conducted jointly by a small firm and a research institution (including FFRDCs) in which not less than 40 percent of the work is performed by the firm and not less than 30 percent is performed by the research institution. This "Annotated List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers" was prepared from the wording in contracts, sponsoring agreements, cooperative agreements, mission statements, memoranda of agreement, statements of work, and designations as FFRDCs, of the individual FFRDCs. Many FFRDCs have announced specific new research directions since the formal documents were signed. Therefore, information provided for some of the FFRDCs is from the Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer monthly publication Newslinks, and from news accounts in the general press. This report categorizes FFRDCs by a taxonomy which reflects major differences in activities among the FFRDCs: research laboratories; R&D laboratories; study and analysis centers; and systems integration/engineering centers. The taxonomy was created in 1982 at the request of the Office of Science and Technology Policy by a task force of representatives of agencies that sponsored FFRDCs. It was based on a three category (research laboratories and R&D laboratories were combined) taxonomy in an unpublished June 1976 Department of Defense report, "Management of Federal Contract Research Centers." The following definitions were used to classify the centers in this "Annotated List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers": Research laboratories are primarily used for the pursuit of research (as distinguished from development). Most concentrate on basic research in one particular area and may provide major, unique, research facilities for national use. R&D laboratories engage in various facets of the R&D process. Most are multi- program laboratories active in a variety of science and/or engineering areas, though some specialize in a broad functional area such as national security or nuclear energy. Most of these institutions contain major national research and/or testing facilities. Study and analysis centers are involved exclusively in analytical activities; no hardware related laboratory research or development is carried out. System engineering/system integration centers primarily provide systems engineering, R&D system integration, and management support for definition and development of large technical systems. Master Government List of Federally Funded Research and Development Centers Fiscal Year 1995 Department of Defense Office of the Secretary of Defense Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Institute for Defense Analyses 2/, Alexandria, VA Logistics Management Institute 2/, McLean, VA 3/ National Defense Research Institute (RAND Corp. 4/), Santa Monica, CA C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center (MITRE Corp. 5/), Bedford, MA and McLean, VA Advanced Research Projects Agency Administered by universities and colleges 6/: Software Engineering Institute (Carnegie Mellon University), Pittsburgh, PA Department of the Navy Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Center for Naval Analyses 2/, Alexandria, VA Department of the Air Force Administered by universities and colleges 6/: Lincoln Laboratory (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Lexington, MA Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Aerospace Corporation 2/, El Segundo, CA Project Air Force (RAND Corp. 4/), Santa Monica, CA Department of the Army 7/ Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Arroyo Center (RAND Corp. 4/), Santa Monica, CA Department of Energy 8/: Administered by industrial firms: Energy Technology Engineering Center (Rockwell International Corp.), Canoga Park, CA Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (Lockheed Idaho Technologies, Inc.), Idaho Falls, ID Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.), Oak Ridge, TN Sandia National Laboratory (Sandia Corporation which is a subsidiary of Martin Marietta, Inc.), Albuquerque, NM Savannah River Technology Center (Westinghouse Savannah River Co.), Aiken, SC Administered by universities and colleges 6/: Ames Laboratory (Iowa State University of Science and Technology), Ames, IA Argonne National Laboratory (University of Chicago), Argonne, IL Brookhaven National Laboratory (Associated Universities, Inc.), Upton, Long Island, NY Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (Southeastern Universities Research Association), Newport News, VA Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Universities Research Association, Inc.), Batavia, IL Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (University of California), Berkeley, CA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (University of California), Livermore, CA Los Alamos National Scientific Laboratory (University of California), Los Alamos, NM Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Inc.), Oak Ridge, TN Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (Princeton University), Princeton, NJ Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (Leland Stanford, Jr. University), Stanford, CA Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute), Albuquerque, NM National Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (Midwest Research Institute 9/), Golden, CO Pacific Northwest Laboratories (Battelle Memorial Institute), Richland, WA Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Administered by industrial firms: NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center (Program Resources, Inc.; Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc.; Charles River Laboratories, Inc.; Data Management Services, Inc.), Frederick, MD National Aeronautics and Space Administration Administered by universities and colleges 6/: Jet Propulsion Laboratory (California Institute of Technology), Pasadena, CA National Science Foundation Administered by universities and colleges 6/: National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (Cornell University), Arecibo, PR National Center for Atmospheric Research (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research), Boulder, CO National Optical Astronomy Observatories (Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. 10/), Tucson, AZ National Radio Astronomy Observatory (Associated Universities, Inc.), Green Bank, WV Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Critical Technologies Institute (RAND Corp.4/), Washington, DC Nuclear Regulatory Commission Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses (Southwest Research Institute), San Antonio, TX Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (MITRE Corp. 5/), McLean, VA Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service Administered by other nonprofit institutions 1/: Tax Systems Modernization Institute (IIT Research Institute), Lanham, MD ------------------------------- NOTES 1/ That is, other than universities and colleges. 2/ The administering nonprofit institution and the FFRDC are one and the same. 3/ Logistics Management Institute moved from Bethesda, MD to McLean, VA in May 1994. 4/ The RAND Corporation administers four FFRDCs: Project Air Force, National Defense Research Institute (formerly Defense/Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff), the Arroyo Center and the Critical Technologies Institute. All other agency R&D support to RAND is reported in official Government statistics under "other nonprofit institutions excluding FFRDCs." 5/ The MITRE Corporation administers two FFRDCs: the C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center and the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development. All other agency R&D support to MITRE is reported in official Government statistics under "other nonprofit institutions excluding FFRDCs." 6/ Includes university consortia. 7/ The Department of the Army decertified the Institute for Advanced Technology (University of Texas), Austin, TX as an FFRDC in November 1993. 8/ The Department of Energy decertified Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory, Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory, and Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory as FFRDCs in October/November 1992. 9/ In September 1991 the name was changed from Solar Energy Research Institute. 10/ Since February 1984 this center includes three former FFRDCs: Cerro Tololo Inter- American Observatory, Kitt Peak National Observatory and the National Solar Observatory (formerly Sacramento Peak Observatory). ______________ This list is also available through the INTERNET. Send message "get sffrdc94" to stisserve@nsf.gov. For other NSF publications, first send the message "get index" or "get srsindex" to stisserve@nsf.gov. Geographic Location of FFRDCs Arizona National Optical Astronomy Observatories California Aerospace Corporation Arroyo Center Energy Technology Engineering Center Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory National Defense Research Institute Project Air Force Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Colorado National Center for Atmospheric Research National Renewable Energy Research Laboratory District of Columbia Critical Technologies Institute Idaho Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Illinois Argonne National Laboratory Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Iowa Ames Laboratory Maryland NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center Tax Systems Modernization Institute Massachusetts C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center (also in Virginia) Lincoln Laboratory New Jersey Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory New Mexico Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute Los Alamos National Scientific Laboratory Sandia National Laboratory New York Brookhaven National Laboratory Pennsylvania Software Engineering Institute Puerto Rico National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center South Carolina Savannah River Technology Center Tennessee Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge National Laboratory Texas Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses Virginia C31 Federally Funded Research & Development Center (also in Massachusetts) Center for Advanced Aviation System Development Center for Naval Analyses Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility Institute for Defense Analyses Logistics Management Institute Washington Pacific Northwest Laboratories West Virginia National Radio Astronomy Observatory Categories of Activities of FFRDCs Research Laboratories Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center National Center for Atmospheric Research National Optical Astronomy Observatories National Radio Astronomy Observatory Stanford Linear Accelerator Center R&D Laboratories Ames Laboratory Argonne National Laboratory Brookhaven National Laboratory Center for Advanced Aviation System Development Energy Technology Engineering Center Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Lincoln Laboratory Los Alamos National Scientific Laboratory National Renewable Energy Research Laboratory Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge National Laboratory Pacific Northwest Laboratories Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Sandia National Laboratory Savannah River Technology Center Study and Analysis Centers Arroyo Center Center for Naval Analyses Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses Critical Technologies Institute Institute for Defense Analyses Logistics Management Institute National Defense Research Institute Project Air Force Systems Engineering/Integration Centers Aerospace Corporation C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center Software Engineering Institute Tax Systems Modernization Institute NOTE: The following definitions were used to classify the centers: Research laboratories are primarily used for the pursuit of research (as distinguished from development). Most concentrate on basic research in one particular area and may provide major, unique, research facilities for national use. R&D laboratories engage in various facets of the R&D process. Most are multi- program laboratories active in a variety of science and/or engineering areas, though some specialize in a broad functional area such as national security or nuclear energy. Most of these institutions contain major national research and/or testing facilities. Study and analysis centers are involved exclusively in analytical activities; no hardware related laboratory research or development is carried out. System engineering/system integration centers primarily provide systems engineering, R&D system integration, and management support for definition and development of large technical systems. Descriptions of Individual Federally Funded Research and Development Centers Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA. Its sponsoring agreement calls for advanced systems architecture, concept analysis and planning; research, experimentation, systems engineering and integration; recommendations of technical direction and general technical supervision in the complete field of U.S. Government national security space systems. Department of Defense, Air Force. Ames Laboratory (Iowa State University of Science and Technology), Ames, IA. Its contract calls for work in the disciplinary areas of chemistry, physics, metallurgy, mathematics, engineering, computer science, ceramics, and related fields; applied research and development work in the development of advanced and innovative materials and chemical synthesis processing evaluation techniques and instrumentation; and developmental research on purification techniques for, and the actual production and characterization of, research quantities (in a uniquely pure state) of such materials as actinide metals, the rare earth metals and compounds, the alkaline earths, refractory metals, composite materials, single crystals, amorphous and thin films, ceramic powders, and others. The contract also mentions activities designed to assist, stimulate, and encourage the dissemination of information relating to energy technologies consistent with security and patent requirements in order to promote scientific progress and to achieve a more widespread understanding of the opportunities and problems of energy development. Department of Energy. Argonne National Laboratory (University of Chicago), Argonne, IL. Its contract calls for: Basic research--experimental and theoretical research on fundamental problems in the physical, life, and environmental sciences to advance scientific understanding in general and to support development of energy technologies. Major research thrusts include advanced techniques using synchrotron radiation for research in the physical and life sciences, algorithms and tools for massively parallel computers, studies of the human genome, and synthesis of advanced materials. Technology-directed research--conceptualization, design, and testing of advanced fission reactors, especially liquid metal reactors, and other technologies for power applications in the civilian and defense sectors; supporting research to overcome materials, chemical, and electrochemical barriers to the development of these technologies. The Laboratory's core competencies in these areas are focused on the Integral Fast Reactor, advanced batteries and fuel cells, thermal sciences, biotechnology, superconducting materials and components, and advanced coal technology. Argonne is also performing work in waste reduction/environment improvement, transportation, advanced manufacturing, diphonix ion exchange resin, toroid cavity imager, and ultrasonic viscometer. Department of Energy Arroyo Center (RAND Corp.), Santa Monica, CA. Its sponsoring agreement precludes work with non-government entities. The Arroyo Center's efforts are generally focused on mid- to far-term, policy-oriented issues and are designed to assist the Army in improving its efficiency and effectiveness. It maintains both a technical and non-technical capability in a broad range of matters of concern to the Army. This includes the ability to address, through formal studies and analyses, a variety of problems potentially affecting Army missions and organizations, including threats, strategy, tactics, operations, technology, and resource management. Department of Defense, Army. Brookhaven National Laboratory (Associated Universities, Inc.), Upton, Long Island, NY. Its contract calls for: The conduct of basic research in areas of science and technology which are of interest to Department of Energy (DOE) programs. This work shall include fundamental experimental and theoretical investigations in the physical, life, and environmental sciences to advance scientific understanding generally and to support development of energy technologies. Development and testing of advanced instruments and methods. This work shall include the development of new experimental techniques and the design, development, and fabrication of instruments, accelerators, and equipment for carrying out basic research studies and investigations. The conduct of research, development, demonstration, training, technology transfer and educational activities in energy biology, medicine, agriculture, health and safety, and related fields. Brookhaven is also working on high quality, thin layer films on substrates; vehicle security apparatus; encapsulation and stabilization of radioactive and hazardous waste; low noise charge-sensitive preamplified DC stabilized without physical resistor. Department of Energy. C3I Federally Funded Research & Development Center (MITRE Corp.), Bedford, MA and McLean, VA. C3I's sponsoring agreement states: MITRE undertakes no work for private or for-profit commercial business organizations. MITRE works only for federal, state, and local governments, other non-profit organizations, and foreign governments on a directed award (sole source) basis. MITRE does not compete with private, for-profit businesses. MITRE does not manufacture any production systems (hardware or software) for operational use. MITRE is re-evaluating its mission in light of the Small Business Technology Transfer program. The primary objective and mission of the C3I FFRDC are to provide general systems engineering, engineering support and system integration support to the Department of Defense (DOD) users (Air Force, Army, Navy, Marine Corps, the Joint Staff, Unified and Specified Commands, Office of the Secretary of Defense, and the Defense Agencies) and to assist them in applying the whole spectrum of science and technology to the continuing advancement of military electronic systems. Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense. Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (MITRE Corp.) McLean, VA. MITRE is currently re-evaluating its government-only work restrictions. The Center's specific functions include: The validation of proposed National Aerospace System (NAS) operational requirements by the development of operational concepts and by the assessment of alternative, feasible, and technological approaches to meeting proposed requirements in cost- effective ways; The conduct of analyses of the operations of the current and eventual NAS, with special emphasis on the detailed operational implications of the various incremental steps in the transition to the eventual system; The conceptual formulation, feasibility determination, and prototype development of enhancements to the Air Traffic Control (ATC) System; The conduct of engineering studies and ATC performance analyses during the development and acquisition phases of NAS hardware and software subsystems to determine the operational acceptability of contractor-proposed designs. Department of Transportation. Center for Naval Analyses, (CNA) Alexandria, VA. Its Memorandum of Agreement states that CNA is a center of creative inquiry for the Department of the Navy. As an authoritative, independent source of applied research and policy analysis, CNA assists Department of Navy's senior leadership in Washington, in the Fleets and Fleet Marine Forces, and in other field activities by conducting a continuing program of research and analysis bearing on the application and development of naval capabilities. Department of Defense, Navy. Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses (Southwest Research Institute), San Antonio, TX. The Charter within its contract states that the Center will perform, under NRC direction, technical assistance and research which will support the licensing reviews and other NRC activities related to geologic repositories, monitored retrievable storage facilities, transportation, environmental, and other activities involved in the storage and disposal of high- level nuclear waste under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act. The primary areas of technical assistance and research will include: waste systems engineering and integration and overall program activities; geologic setting; engineered barrier system; transportation, special projects and analytical evaluations; and monitored retrievable storage (MRS) and repository design, construction and operation. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (Southeastern Universities Research Association), Newport News, VA. Its contract calls for CEBAF to: Establish and operate a nuclear physics research laboratory which will carry out research and development required to construct the accelerator and support systems, develop the scientific and administrative infrastructure including research and support staff required for future use of the CEBAF facility, and operate the CEBAF facility after the accelerator is completed as an international center for forefront research in nuclear physics. Plan, design, fabricate, assemble and install a CW electron accelerator capable of producing electron beams of at least 4 GeV energy, 200 micro amps current at the 4 GeV energy level, and high duty factor, along with associated beam distribution systems, experimental areas and equipment. The construction project also includes an initial complement of experimental equipment and support facilities necessary to perform scientific experiments using CEBAF's high quality electron and photon beams. Department of Energy. Critical Technologies Institute (RAND Corp.), Washington, D.C. Its sponsoring agreement precludes work with non-government agencies. Its current projects include: Planning environmental technology strategies. Critiquing national programs such as environment, natural resources, and fundamental science. Studying how to assess measures of industrial performance. Studying performance and problems of metal casting and machine tool industries. Developing a database covering all Federal science and technology funding, agency by agency. National Science Foundation. Energy Technology Engineering Center (Rockwell International Corp.), Canoga Park, CA. Its contract calls for: Development, qualification, proof and seismic testing of materials, systems and components developed or proposed for use in energy, power conversion, liquid metal development, space and defense programs which utilize the Santa Susana Triangle Site facilities and/or the specialized expertise of ETEC personnel. Providing assistance and engineering consultation to the Government and its Contractors or Subcontractors with respect to planning, analysis, design evaluation, coordination, inspection, and guidance of materials, systems, and component development, and engineering programs including, as assigned, the technical management of other Government prime or subcontracts under such energy, power conversion, liquid metal development, space and defense programs which utilize the Santa Susana Triangle Site facilities and/or the specialized expertise of ETEC personnel. Department of Energy. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Universities Research Association, Inc.), Batavia, IL. Its contract calls for: The conduct of basic research in the field of high energy physics and related disciplines involving fundamental studies and theoretical and experimental investigations which are of interest to the Department of Energy's program. Operation, maintenance, and upgrade of existing Laboratory facilities (including the accelerator complex, ancillary support facilities, and experimental areas) for basic research. This may also include the development of new experimental techniques, and the design, development, and fabrication of instruments, equipment, and facilities for carrying out such studies and investigations. Fermi is also working on other projects, including creation of a new type of x-ray camera for cancer radiation treatment. Department of Energy. Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (Lockheed Idaho Technologies, Inc.), Idaho Falls, ID. Its contract calls for work in: Nuclear energy--develop, validate, and apply a widely accepted integrated safety assessment methodology, based upon systematic integration of available severe accident analysis and results, to certify at least one Advanced Light Water Reactor design by the NRC. Development of major test facilities, licensing support and technical support for the High Temperature Gas Reactor. Develop and qualify space nuclear propulsion systems which will meet the requirement of the Space Exploration Initiative. Development of a comprehensive collection of reactor neutronics, analysis codes for operation on a PC and transfer of the technology to university nuclear engineering programs; and provide for the production and distribution of isotopes from the Advanced Test Reactor, including high, medium, and low specific activity Cobalt-60, Nickel-63, Iridium-192, as well as other isotope products consistent with current and foreseen customer demands. Civilian waste management--perform research activities in support of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act to encourage and expedite the effective use of available storage and retrieval and necessary additional storage at each civilian nuclear power reactor; implement and manage a program for the development and acquisition of a prototype system for transporting civilian spent fuel and develop a transportation operational program. Defense programs--perform research activities to investigate nuclear directed energy weapons concepts; and provide radiological assistance for operations and exercises; provide architectural and engineering support for the design and contraction of Department of Energy (DOE)-HQ Emergency Operations Control Centers. Conservation and renewable energy--perform research activities for the development of technologies which will increase the utilization of hydrothermal and geopressured resources in the United States; and develop advanced reservoir engineering capabilities which will enable improved resource recovery from hydrothermal reservoirs. Develop advanced thermodynamic cycles for converting geothermal energy into electrical power; and provide technical and management assistance to DOE in the Geopressured Geothermal Program. Energy programs--assist in conducting comprehensive management and safety appraisals, design reviews and safety oversight functions for DOE facilities; and perform advanced oil recovery technology research and development to include such things as extraction technology research and development. Idaho National Energy Laboratory is also working on instrumentation and sensors; materials, chemical and biological processing; software development; and earth and environmental sciences. Department of Energy. Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute), Albuquerque, NM. In its Designation as an FFRDC, ITRI is described as a research laboratory involved in investigating the nature and magnitude of human health effects which might result from inhaling airborne toxicants encountered in Department of Energy (DOE) facilities, the industrial workplace or the general environment. Work includes research on the respiratory tract, the potential health effects of selected aerosolized consumer products, and understanding the health effects of airborne chemical toxicants associated with fossil fuels and with other non-nuclear energy technologies. Department of Energy. Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA), Alexandria, VA. IDA will perform no work for private industry. Its sponsoring agreement calls for IDA to promote the national security, the public welfare, and the advancement of scientific learning by making analyses, evaluations and reports, and to include examination of the relative effectiveness of alternative measures, on matters of interest to the United States Government with primary orientation toward matters of national security. The agreement also states that IDA will provide studies, analyses, computer software prototypes, analytical models, and other technical and analytical support useful for policy and program planning and management by its sponsors. Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense. Jet Propulsion Laboratory (California Institute of Technology), Pasadena, CA. Its contract states: JPL will serve as the principal NASA center for solar system exploration, and will have major responsibilities as well in support of NASA's applications, astrophysics, earth sciences, and such other high science value programs as may be established. JPL will undertake mission assignments that may involve: automatic deep-space and earth-orbiting spacecraft or major subsystems; experiments, instruments, or other devices which may be carried as payload on the space shuttle or by other spacecraft and in missions managed by others; or ground-based systems. Implicit in mission assignments is a broad range of hardware and software engineering, scientific analysis, and management effort. JPL will formulate and conduct a science program for the study of the earth, space, bodies of the solar system, and the universe consistent with its broad role in space exploration, and as otherwise appropriate in its support or NASA's interests and requirements. Instrument observations from space vehicles will be a primary tool of the science program, supported by ground-based research and laboratory experiments. JPL is also working on information systems, robotics and machine intelligence, sensors, solid- state electronics, and telecommunications. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (University of California), Berkeley, CA. Its contract calls for fundamental and applied research in the energy sciences, including advanced materials research, chemical sciences, earth sciences, fossil, fusion and nuclear energy research, and conservation and renewable energy research. LBL is also working on bioscience, information and computing science, environment, and sensors and instrumentation. Department of Energy. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (University of California), Livermore, CA. Its contract calls for: Basic and applied research in peaceful and military application of nuclear energy; Work associated with the design, development, testing, safety and reliability of the weapons in the nuclear weapons stockpile; Basic research in the general sciences including nuclear physics, high energy physics, and astrophysics as well as accelerator and advanced detector research and development; Life and environmental sciences research in the genetics, structure and function of biological systems, biomedical applications, and the characterization and improvement of the environment; Maintenance of a strong, multi-disciplinary scientific, engineering, computational and information sciences base responsive to scientific issues of national importance. LLNL is also working on sensors and instrumentation; plasma physics and technology; air bearing LVDT amplifier; chromosome-specific DNA probes for the common laboratory mouse; high efficiency multi-layer dielectric gratings; miniature heaters for optoelectronic packages; rapid growth process for KDP; ytterbium-doped apatite laser crystals; ground water characterization; fiber optics; global climate modeling; atmospheric modeling; in situ microbial filters; molten salt destruction of wastes; defense sciences; nuclear measurements; x- ray optics and diagnostics; energetic materials; special nuclear materials handling; computer simulation; bioscience; warhead electrical systems; insensitive high explosives; and fire- resistant pits. Department of Energy. Lincoln Laboratory (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Lexington, MA. Its contract states: The primary mission of MIT-Lincoln Laboratory is to carry out a program of research and development pertinent to national defense with particular emphasis on advanced electronics. The laboratory research and development program extends from fundamental investigations in science through the development of new electronic devices and components to the design, development, and field demonstrations of prototype systems embodying the new technology. Department of Defense, Air Force. Logistics Management Institute (LMI), McLean, VA. LMI neither seeks nor accepts work that profit-oriented companies could perform without conflict or compromise. LMI's interests and expertise span the range of acquisition and logistics research across the diverse organizational and functional structures of the national security establishment. Its research program is designed to advise Department of Defense (DOD) and other Government officials through a functional organization devoted to the analysis of matters in its mission areas--material management, installations and the environment, acquisition and weapon systems support, operational logistics, force management, international programs, and information systems and technology. Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense. Los Alamos National Scientific Laboratory (University of California), Los Alamos, NM. Its contract calls for: Basic and applied research in peaceful and military application of nuclear energy; Work associated with the design, development, testing, safety and reliability of the weapons in the nuclear weapons stockpile; Environmental R&D, including storing and managing radioactive waste, handling hazardous waste, and investigating new technologies to address problems associated with waste characterization and cleanup, environmental control technologies, global change, ozone depletion, clean air, and basic environmental science; Nonnuclear energy activities, including renewable energy, conservation, and fossil energy; Nondefense advanced technology that focuses on aerospace technology, biotechnology, artificial intelligence and robotics; International programs, that in the interest of local economic development and U.S. national security, will help foreign countries by providing technical assistance, promoting cooperative R&D, and exchanging R&D information; Human genome studies, including informatics, physical mapping, sequencing, and technology development; Basic research in defense-and energy-related disciplines, including atomic and molecular physics, bioscience, chemistry, computational science and applied mathematics, geoscience, space science, astrophysics, materials science, nuclear and particle physics, plasma physics, fluids, particle beams, and applied science and engineering. Los Alamos is also working on Bartas iris verification system; directed-light fabrication of complex metal parts; lattice Boltzmann permecameter; optical biopsy system; telemetric heat stress monitor; and ultrasensitive ultrasonic transducer. Department of Energy. NCI Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center (Program Resources, Inc.; Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Inc.; Charles River Laboratories, Inc.; Data Management Services, Inc.), Frederick, MD. Its contract calls for biological products and biomedical analysis; recombinant DNA; cell and molecular structure; AIDS vaccine technology; animal health diagnosis; biological and chemical IN VITRO testing; microbial mutagenesis screening; cancer biology and diagnosis; genetic monitoring; IN VIVO drug screening; monoclonal antibody support; and cytokine development support. Department of Health and Human Services. National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (Cornell University), Arecibo, PR. Its cooperative agreement calls for NAIC to conduct a broad program of research in astronomy, the atmospheric sciences, and related fields for its value and for the purpose of maintaining a staff that is scientifically productive and technically current, and to develop new techniques and instruments for astronomical and atmospheric observations and data processing, utilizing as appropriate the expertise in other institutions. National Science Foundation. National Center for Atmospheric Research (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research), Boulder CO. Its cooperative agreement calls for NCAR to conduct, support, and stimulate research in the atmospheric sciences and related fields. National Science Foundation. National Defense Research Institute (RAND Corp.), Santa Monica, CA. Its sponsoring agreement precludes work with non-government entities. The agreement calls for NDRI to assist the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, and Defense Agencies in improving defense strategy formulation, technology and systems development, and resource management. NDRI furnishes information and independent, objective findings derived from research and analysis of national security problems. Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense. National Optical Astronomy Observatories (Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc.), Tucson, AZ. Its cooperative agreement calls for NOAO to provide (through the staff and facilities of the NOAO) scientific, technical, managerial, and other support necessary for the conduct of research programs in astronomy, solar physics, and related fields, and to develop new techniques and instruments for astronomical observations and data processing, drawing widely on expertise in other institutions. National Science Foundation. National Radio Astronomy Observatory (Associated Universities, Inc.), Green Bank, WV. Its cooperative agreement calls for NRAO to provide, scientific, managerial, and logistic support in the conduct of research programs in radio astronomy and related fields, and to maintain a broad base research program at the Observatory in order to promote advances in, and the utilization of, knowledge in astronomy. National Science Foundation. National Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (Midwest Research Institute), Golden, CO. Its contract states that NRERL's R&D efforts are aimed at providing a wide range of options for solar energy conversion, as well as the necessary technical information to enable the Department of Energy to make informed decisions concerning selections among these options. Within the range of solar technologies being addressed at NRERL, the major programs currently are photovoltaics; clean fuels from biomass; dispersed wind energy systems; solar industrial processed heat; passive solar technologies; and central solar power systems. NRERL also supports DOE in the technical management of selected research programs and the development of major solar energy experimental test facilities. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Inc.), Oak Ridge, TN. Its contract calls for ORISE to: Encourage the development of programs of research and instruction in the energy and related fields by educational institutions in the United States, particularly by those in the southeastern region thereof. Arrange and conduct health protection studies and biomedical and environmental research programs in such areas as radiation accident management and training, biochemistry, and immunology, radiation biology, toxicology, human reliability, industrial medicine, and other research as may be approved by the Department of Energy (DOE). Such programs may include but not be limited to: Radiation accident management and training and operation of the Radiation Emergency Assistance Center and Training Site (REAC/TS). Also the performance of autopsies, experimental pathology, and maintenance of radiation exposure registries. Research on the biochemical, immunological and cytogenetic effects of energy related pollutants. Comprehensive epidemiologic studies of DOE and DOE contractor employees whose occupations involve potential exposure to radiation or other toxic materials or other populations. Other therapeutic and health studies related to energy systems and energy technologies. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.), Oak Ridge, TN. Its contract states that ORNL's activities are largely directed toward the following: developing nuclear power as a safe, economic industry; demonstrating the technical feasibility of magnetic fusion; understanding and controlling the health and environmental effects of energy production and use; and basic science. In addition, ORNL has programs in coal processing and use, energy conservation, and solar and geothermal energy. ORNL is also working on materials research including plastics and superconcrete; biotechnology; instrumentation; environmental and manufacturing technologies; luminescence spot test for PCBs; and parallel virtual machine 3.2. Department of Energy. Pacific Northwest Laboratories (Battelle Memorial Institute), Richland, WA. Its contract calls for: The conduct of basic research in the fields of energy and basic science involving fundamental studies and theoretical, computational, and experimental investigations which are of interest to Department of Energy (DOE)'s program(s). These studies will generally lie within, but not be limited to, the areas of physics, chemistry, health and safety, energy sciences, radiological sciences, the fundamentals of engineering science, and environmental science. They may also include the development of new experimental techniques and the design, development, and fabrication of instruments, equipment, and facilities for carrying out such studies and investigations. The conduct of applied research, development, engineering, production support, and field program/project management which is of programmatic interest to DOE, including services to DOE, as requested, in the planning, evaluation, and execution of energy development programs, nuclear weapons, materials and related defense, and other activities considered to be within the mission to be carried out by the Contractor. The conduct of demographic, environmental, institutional, legal, policy and socioeconomic research and studies to carry out this work. PNL is also working on the ultrasonic microstructural analyzer. Department of Energy. Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (Princeton University), Princeton, NJ. Its contract calls for PPPL to manage and operate the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in a cost effective manner and perform research and development, project management, demonstration, training, technology transfer, international cooperation, industrial cooperation, educational activities, and related services on Magnetic Fusion Energy and in related sciences. The basic objectives of the work are the attainment and investigation of the properties of plasmas under conditions typical of fusion reactors, and the study of the physics of burning plasmas. Inherent in the pursuit of these objectives are both experimental and theoretical efforts aimed at scientific understanding of the underlying principles as well as engineering and technology development work required for solving design problems of experimental devices, including factors relating to safety and environmental acceptance of both near term experimental devices and future power reactors. Department of Energy. Project Air Force (RAND Corp.), Santa Monica, CA. Its sponsoring agreement precludes work with non-government entities. Project Air Force conducts objective and independent research and analysis on the enduring issues of policy, management, technology, and resource allocation of concern to the senior leaders of the Air Force. These issues include: National Security Strategies, Theater Force Employment, Aerospace and Strategic Technology, and Resource Management and System Acquisition. Department of Defense, Air Force. Sandia National Laboratory (Sandia Corporation which is a subsidiary of Martin Marietta, Inc.) Albuquerque, NM. Its contract calls for Sandia to manage, operate, protect, sustain and enhance the Laboratory's ability to function as a U.S. Department of Energy Multi-Program Laboratory, while assuring accomplishment of its primary assignment as a nuclear weapons research, development and engineering laboratory. Sandia is also working on advanced manufacturing; materials and processes; microelectronics and photonics; high-performance computing; energy and environment; interfacial force microscope; parallel dense equation solver; red vertical-cavity surface emitting laser diode; SHIELD reliability test lab on a chip; and high-performance silicon photovoltaic cell. Department of Energy. Savannah River Technology Center (Westinghouse Savannah River Co.), Aiken, SC. Its contract calls for: Nuclear materials production. Management of defense nuclear materials production programs and operation, maintenance and upgrade of Savannah River Plant facilities supporting such programs; management of programs and projects intended to expand, alter, enhance, or improve the production of defense nuclear materials and resulting facility needs. Radioactive and nonradioactive waste management. Management of waste control and disposal programs and operation, maintenance and upgrade of SRP facilities supporting such programs; management of programs intended to reduce, control, store, treat, or dispose of waste, and closure of RCRA/CERCLA sites. Naval fuel materials production. Production of fuel materials for U.S. Navy nuclear powered ships, using existing and new primary and supporting facilities. Process development and technical support for fuel materials production. Department of Energy. Software Engineering Institute (Carnegie Mellon University), Pittsburgh, PA. SEI's Statement of Work states that SEI will provide the Department of Defense (DOD) with leadership in software engineering and in transitioning new software engineering technology into DOD Mission-Critical Computer Resource (MCCR) systems. While MCCR applications are the most critical to DOD, the SEI is not prescribed from working on other application areas. The objectives of the SEI mission are to: Bring the ablest professional minds and the most effective technology to bear on rapid improvement of the quality of operational software in mission-critical computer systems. Accelerate the reduction to practice of modern software engineering techniques and methods. Promulgate the use of modern techniques and methods throughout the mission-critical systems community. Establish standards of excellence for software engineering practice. Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (Leland Stanford, Jr. University), Stanford, CA. Its contract calls for SLAC to operate and maintain the National Facility and to program research, development, engineering and tests in high energy physics and related disciplines. Department of Energy. Tax Systems Modernization Institute (IIT Research Institute), Lanham, MD. Its contract states that this FFRDC shall only perform work assigned by the IRS, and is prohibited from performing work for another Federal agency. Its mission is the elimination of, to the maximum extent possible, the paper intensive tax return processing system in the Service Centers particularly as it relates to the entry, storage, and retrieval of returns and return information. This will be accomplished through the use of image processing, storage, and retrieval technology and the expansion of electronic filing. The intended result will be an essentially paperless environment. Data will be captured and perfected either electronically or from return images which will also be stored indefinitely for retrieval by employees. Department of the Treasury. Donald F. Hornig, "Memorandum to Members of Federal Council for Science and Technology, Subject: Federally Funded Research and Development Centers" (Washington, D.C.: unpublished memorandum from the Federal Council for Science and Technology, Executive Office of the President, November 1, 1967). Donald E. Sowle, "OFPP Policy Letter 84-1 to the Heads of Executive Departments and Establishments, Subject: Federally Funded Research and Development Centers" (Washington, D.C.: letter from the Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Office of Federal Procurement Policy, April 4, 1984). National Archives and Records Administration, Office of the Federal Register, Federal Register, vol. 55, no. 24, February 5, 1990, p. 3885. Ibid., p. 3886. Ibid. --end--