Text table 2-14.
R&D as a percentage of gross domestic product
Sweden
3.85
 Russian Federation
0.95
Japan
2.92
 Venezuela
0.89
South Korea
2.89
 Spain
0.86
Finland
2.78
 Brazil (1996)
0.76
Switzerland (1996)
2.74
 Poland
0.76
United States
2.60
 Hungary
0.73
Germany
2.31
 Cuba
0.70
Israel
2.30
 South Africa
0.69
France
2.23
 China
0.65
Netherlands (1996)
2.09
 Portugal
0.65
Denmark
2.03
 Chile
0.64
China (Taipei)
1.92
 Indonesia (1995)
0.50
United Kingdom
1.87
 Greece (1993)
0.48
Australia (1996)
1.68
 Turkey (1996)
0.45
Norway
1.68
 Uruguay
0.42
Canada
1.60
 Colombia
0.41
Belgium (1995)
1.58
 Argentina
0.38
Iceland
1.56
 Panama
0.38
Austria
1.52
 Malaysia (1994)
0.34
Singapore
1.47
 Bolivia (1996)
0.33
Ireland
1.43
 Mexico
0.42
Czech Republic
1.19
 The Philippines(1992)
0.21
Slovak Republic
1.18
 Thailand (1996)
0.12
Costa Rica (1996)
1.13
 Hong Kong (1996)
0.10
New Zealand
1.10
 Ecuador (1996)
0.08
Italy
1.08
NOTES: Unless noted otherwise, data are for 1997. Data for Israel and China (Taipei) include nondefense R&D only.
Total OECD
2.17
North America
2.36
European Union
1.84
SOURCES: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD 1999), Centre for Science Research and Statistics (CSRS 1999), Red Iberomericana de Indicatores de Ciencia y Tecnologia (RICYT 1998), Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (1998), South Africa FRD (1998), National Science Council (1998), and Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC 1997).
Science & Engineering Indicators — 2000