Table 4-4
Total R&D and lower bound biotechnology R&D by industry and company size: 2001
 
  R&D    Biotechnology/
total R&D
Industry and company size Total Biotechnology  
  Millions of dollars   Percent
All industries 198,505 7,350   3.7
Manufacturing 120,705 2,193   1.8
Pharmaceuticals and medicines 10,137 1,882   18.6
Nonmanufacturing 77,799 5,157   6.6
Trade 24,372 1,104   4.5
Scientific R&D services 14,244 3,846   27.0
Company size (number of employees), total 198,505 7,350   3.7
5–24 4,828 0   0.0
25–49 3,750 118   3.1
50–99 8,202 398   4.9
100–249 12,916 869   6.7
250–499 8,702 533   6.1
500–999 10,564 1,300   12.3
1,000–4,999 26,748 2,155   8.1
5,000–9,999 17,487 D   D
10,000–24,999 27,065 149   0.6
25,000 or more 78,244 D   D
 
D data withheld to avoid disclosing operations of individual companies

NOTES: Details may not add to totals because of rounding. Data for biotechnology R&D are underestimated because no attempt was made to correct for item nonresponse. Counts of respondents suggest that actual figures could be much larger. Also, these totals exclude biotechnology R&D of firms whose total R&D was less than $5 million in 2000. These firms were not asked to report their biotechnology R&D separately on 2001 survey form. This is probably the main reason firms with 5–24 employees have no reported biotechnology R&D.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Industrial Research and Development, 2001.
 
Science & Engineering Indicators – 2004
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