| Table 4-16 |
| International technology alliances
worldwide, by regional ownership and technology focus: 1991–2001 |
| |
 |
| |
|
|
|
| Ownership categories |
All
technologies |
Information
technology |
Biotechnology |
|
| |
Counts |
|
|
| Alliances by companies from all countries |
5,892 |
2,471 |
1,829 |
| U.S.-owned only |
2,297 |
1,133 |
699 |
| U.S.-Europe owned |
1,562 |
516 |
609 |
| Europe-owned only |
637 |
154 |
217 |
| U.S.-Japan owned |
439 |
259 |
93 |
| U.S.-NT owned |
348 |
159 |
90 |
| Europe-NT owned |
213 |
59 |
60 |
| Europe-Japan owned |
192 |
86 |
32 |
| Japan-owned only |
96 |
55 |
8 |
| NT-owned only |
56 |
20 |
15 |
| Japan-NT owned |
52 |
30 |
6 |
| Selected groupings |
|
|
|
| Alliances by U.S. companies |
4,646 |
2,067 |
1,491 |
| Alliances by European companies |
2,604 |
815 |
918 |
| Alliances by Japanese companies |
779 |
430 |
139 |
| Alliances by NT companies |
669 |
268 |
171 |
|
|
| |
Percent distribution |
|
|
| Ownership profile |
|
|
|
| Alliances by companies from all countries |
100 |
100 |
100 |
| U.S.-owned only |
39 |
46 |
38 |
| U.S.-Europe owned |
27 |
21 |
33 |
| Europe-owned only |
11 |
6 |
12 |
| U.S.-Japan owned |
7 |
10 |
5 |
| U.S.-NT owned |
6 |
6 |
5 |
| Europe-NT owned |
4 |
2 |
3 |
| Europe-Japan owned |
3 |
3 |
2 |
| Japan-owned only |
2 |
2 |
0 |
| NT-owned only |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Japan-NT owned |
1 |
1 |
0 |
| Selected groupings |
|
|
|
| Alliances by U.S. companies |
79 |
84 |
82 |
| Alliances by European companies |
44 |
33 |
50 |
| Alliances by Japanese companies |
13 |
17 |
8 |
| Alliances by NT companies |
11 |
11 |
9 |
| Technology profile |
|
|
|
| Alliances by companies from all countries |
100 |
42 |
31 |
| U.S.-owned only |
100 |
49 |
30 |
| U.S.-Europe owned |
100 |
33 |
39 |
| Europe-owned only |
100 |
24 |
34 |
| U.S.-Japan owned |
100 |
59 |
21 |
| U.S.-NT owned |
100 |
46 |
26 |
| Europe-NT owned |
100 |
28 |
28 |
| Europe-Japan owned |
100 |
45 |
17 |
| Japan-owned only |
100 |
57 |
8 |
| NT-owned only |
100 |
36 |
27 |
| Japan-NT owned |
100 |
58 |
12 |
| Selected groupings |
|
|
|
| Alliances by U.S. companies |
100 |
44 |
32 |
| Alliances by European companies |
100 |
31 |
35 |
| Alliances by Japanese companies |
100 |
55 |
18 |
| Alliances by NT companies |
100 |
40 |
26 |
|
|
| |
NT non-Triad (country or region other
than United States, Europe, and Japan)
NOTES: Percents may not sum to total because of rounding. Data are
annual counts of new technology alliances formed by domestic and multinational
corporations worldwide. Alliances may be classified in more than one
technology. Country assignment is based on headquarters of ultimate
parent company of alliance members, not on location of members. Data
were revised from previous editions to include exclusively joint research
or development agreements, R&D contracts, equity joint ventures,
and research corporations. Previous counts included cross-holdings
(two companies take minority interest in each other), mutual second
sourcing, and cross-licensing agreements. This change, however, had
little effect on overall trends. See appendix
table 4-42.
SOURCE: Maastricht Cooperative Agreements and Technology Indicators
database, Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology,
unpublished tabulations. |
| |
| Science & Engineering Indicators
— 2004 |
|
Source Links:
Source data 
|
|