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Table 8-11. S&E doctorate holders as share of the workforce, by state: 1993, 1997, & 2001     S&E doctorate holders Workforce S&E doctorate holders in workforce (percent) State 1993 1997 2001 1993 1997 2001 1993 1997 2001 All states 461,210 516,580 572,820 120,303,214 129,540,407 137,237,739 0.38 0.40 0.42   Alabama 5,020 6,610 5,330 1,845,425 2,057,160 2,022,294 0.27 0.32 0.26   Alaska 1,050 1,110 1,200 274,788 289,735 299,140 0.38 0.38 0.40   Arizona 5,040 6,280 7,070 1,715,112 2,080,658 2,458,074 0.29 0.30 0.29   Arkansas 1,770 2,320 2,560 1,092,878 1,147,974 1,185,171 0.16 0.20 0.22   California 60,490 70,490 80,870 13,918,275 14,942,526 16,260,126 0.43 0.47 0.50   Colorado 8,890 10,740 11,780 1,800,035 2,080,012 2,290,554 0.49 0.52 0.51   Connecticut 7,510 8,770 9,490 1,672,617 1,634,771 1,697,977 0.45 0.54 0.56   Delaware 3,500 3,710 3,540 354,352 365,650 414,383 0.99 1.01 0.85   District of Columbia 13,510 11,800 14,200 280,873 237,189 292,531 4.81 4.97 4.85   Florida 11,770 13,330 15,740 6,191,793 6,780,081 7,638,800 0.19 0.20 0.21   Georgia 8,130 9,880 11,990 3,265,259 3,727,295 4,053,118 0.25 0.27 0.30   Hawaii 2,360 2,550 2,580 560,898 556,673 564,187 0.42 0.46 0.46   Idaho 1,860 2,030 2,230 513,653 600,465 647,043 0.36 0.34 0.34   Illinois 19,160 21,260 22,110 5,570,146 5,912,684 6,124,677 0.34 0.36 0.36   Indiana 7,610 7,570 9,580 2,785,578 2,978,607 2,997,804 0.27 0.25 0.32   Iowa 3,790 4,120 4,390 1,497,084 1,527,935 1,571,730 0.25 0.27 0.28   Kansas 3,290 3,770 3,970 1,256,952 1,326,289 1,323,950 0.26 0.28 0.30   Kentucky 3,570 4,110 4,590 1,689,935 1,812,779 1,878,273 0.21 0.23 0.24   Louisiana 5,230 5,360 5,290 1,746,168 1,889,133 1,930,874 0.30 0.28 0.27   Maine 1,830 2,150 1,990 582,047 625,790 658,478 0.31 0.34 0.30   Maryland 18,390 21,020 22,730 2,505,102 2,640,878 2,727,116 0.73 0.80 0.83   Massachusetts 21,360 23,330 29,100 2,945,402 3,130,763 3,268,262 0.73 0.75 0.89   Michigan 13,020 15,060 17,380 4,418,025 4,752,196 4,886,276 0.29 0.32 0.36   Minnesota 8,030 9,810 11,410 2,349,196 2,537,651 2,782,644 0.34 0.39 0.41   Mississippi 2,750 3,000 3,170 1,138,166 1,189,825 1,233,922 0.24 0.25 0.26   Missouri 7,970 9,490 9,280 2,489,049 2,768,598 2,879,250 0.32 0.34 0.32   Montana 1,460 1,690 1,440 400,259 430,261 441,972 0.36 0.39 0.33   Nebraska 2,380 3,010 2,890 835,581 881,901 923,481 0.28 0.34 0.31   Nevada 1,380 1,620 2,030 689,404 846,319 1,044,918 0.20 0.19 0.19   New Hampshire 1,990 2,230 2,470 575,418 625,386 675,516 0.35 0.36 0.37   New Jersey 19,320 20,440 22,740 3,690,762 3,976,900 4,124,564 0.52 0.51 0.55   New Mexico 6,320 7,480 7,750 697,828 763,254 819,755 0.91 0.98 0.95   New York 39,110 40,080 43,990 7,973,256 8,276,305 8,688,691 0.49 0.48 0.51   North Carolina 12,220 13,730 16,760 3,380,985 3,702,936 3,971,115 0.36 0.37 0.42   North Dakota 1,200 1,350 1,080 306,234 338,691 335,951 0.39 0.40 0.32   Ohio 16,700 18,700 20,070 5,130,907 5,452,225 5,595,965 0.33 0.34 0.36   Oklahoma 4,410 4,580 4,360 1,435,793 1,529,590 1,607,037 0.31 0.30 0.27   Oregon 5,600 6,210 7,040 1,479,939 1,626,986 1,701,685 0.38 0.38 0.41   Pennsylvania 21,990 23,940 26,140 5,470,346 5,666,669 5,920,292 0.40 0.42 0.44   Rhode Island 2,060 2,450 2,640 471,628 475,819 521,996 0.44 0.51 0.51   South Carolina 4,310 4,780 5,130 1,686,920 1,844,062 1,847,944 0.26 0.26 0.28   South Dakota 930 1,060 1,000 348,461 374,362 397,752 0.27 0.28 0.25   Tennessee 7,660 8,520 8,990 2,356,704 2,564,781 2,733,441 0.33 0.33 0.33   Texas 25,880 28,570 32,490 8,503,521 9,309,966 10,048,069 0.30 0.31 0.32   Utah 3,720 4,800 4,820 879,788 1,006,997 1,110,359 0.42 0.48 0.43   Vermont 1,500 1,760 1,750 298,748 314,053 327,614 0.50 0.56 0.53   Virginia 13,710 15,250 17,460 3,207,393 3,273,222 3,555,720 0.43 0.47 0.49   Washington 10,570 13,360 14,760 2,495,453 2,839,863 2,822,226 0.42 0.47 0.52   West Virginia 1,760 1,980 1,890 702,895 747,677 782,034 0.25 0.26 0.24   Wisconsin 7,410 8,460 8,720 2,598,025 2,840,345 2,891,294 0.29 0.30 0.30   Wyoming 720 860 840 228,158 238,520 261,694 0.32 0.36 0.32 Puerto Rico NA NA NA 1,003,885 1,131,925 1,149,521 NA NA NA NA not available NOTES: The state total for each year is the sum of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The Survey of Doctorate Recipients sample design does not include geography. Data on S&E doctorate holders are classified by employment location and workforce data based on respondents� residence. Thus, reliability of data for areas with smaller populations is lower than for more populous states. Workforce represents the employed component of the civilian labor force and is reported as annual data, not seasonally adjusted. SOURCES: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients; and U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics.

National Science Board
National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics
Science and Engineering Indicators 2004
Arlington, VA (NSB 04-01) [May 2004]