| Table 8-21. |
| Patents awarded per 1,000 individuals in S&E occupations,
by state:
1995,
1997, & 1999 |
 |
| |
Patents awarded |
Individuals
in S&E occupations |
Patents per
1,000 individuals
in S&E occupations |
|
|
|
|
| State |
1995 |
1997 |
1999 |
1995 |
1997 |
1999 |
1995 |
1997 |
1999 |
|
| All states |
64,480 |
69,898 |
94,046 |
3,178,000 |
3,357,000 |
3,525,100 |
20.3 |
20.8 |
26.7 |
| Alabama |
359 |
345 |
473 |
40,800 |
44,300 |
43,300 |
8.8 |
7.8 |
10.9 |
| Alaska |
49 |
60 |
66 |
6,600 |
6,300 |
7,700 |
7.4 |
9.5 |
8.6 |
| Arizona |
1,120 |
1,162 |
1,623 |
47,400 |
54,000 |
55,700 |
23.6 |
21.5 |
29.1 |
| Arkansas |
143 |
152 |
226 |
14,100 |
15,300 |
16,900 |
10.1 |
9.9 |
13.4 |
| California |
10,824 |
12,915 |
18,860 |
463,900 |
478,000 |
492,000 |
23.3 |
27.0 |
38.3 |
| Colorado |
1,207 |
1,345 |
1,987 |
82,700 |
88,500 |
96,900 |
14.6 |
15.2 |
20.5 |
| Connecticut |
1,768 |
1,644 |
2,026 |
56,900 |
53,300 |
57,500 |
31.1 |
30.8 |
35.2 |
| Delaware |
442 |
370 |
444 |
14,300 |
15,700 |
16,300 |
30.9 |
23.6 |
27.2 |
| District of
Columbia |
63 |
59 |
63 |
53,200 |
51,300 |
53,900 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
| Florida |
2,465 |
2,552 |
3,040 |
105,500 |
116,600 |
123,000 |
23.4 |
21.9 |
24.7 |
| Georgia |
1,047 |
1,112 |
1,544 |
69,800 |
75,600 |
85,900 |
15.0 |
14.7 |
18.0 |
| Hawaii |
84 |
93 |
97 |
13,100 |
11,500 |
11,700 |
6.4 |
8.1 |
8.3 |
| Idaho |
329 |
597 |
1,263 |
13,200 |
13,900 |
15,500 |
24.9 |
42.9 |
81.5 |
| Illinois |
3,479 |
3,539 |
4,308 |
138,300 |
148,600 |
155,200 |
25.2 |
23.8 |
27.8 |
| Indiana |
1,281 |
1,331 |
1,707 |
51,300 |
54,000 |
56,000 |
25.0 |
24.6 |
30.5 |
| Iowa |
486 |
450 |
817 |
22,100 |
24,500 |
23,900 |
22.0 |
18.4 |
34.2 |
| Kansas |
319 |
322 |
495 |
29,500 |
34,300 |
31,400 |
10.8 |
9.4 |
15.8 |
| Kentucky |
341 |
350 |
509 |
22,700 |
23,100 |
26,100 |
15.0 |
15.2 |
19.5 |
| Louisiana |
413 |
408 |
519 |
35,900 |
36,200 |
35,500 |
11.5 |
11.3 |
14.6 |
| Maine |
137 |
109 |
145 |
7,900 |
11,600 |
11,200 |
17.3 |
9.4 |
12.9 |
| Maryland |
1,100 |
1,264 |
1,642 |
93,300 |
93,900 |
104,100 |
11.8 |
13.5 |
15.8 |
| Massachusetts |
2,427 |
2,831 |
3,819 |
130,900 |
136,600 |
148,800 |
18.5 |
20.7 |
25.7 |
| Michigan |
3,046 |
3,075 |
4,030 |
116,700 |
122,900 |
131,800 |
26.1 |
25.0 |
30.6 |
| Minnesota |
1,943 |
2,059 |
2,902 |
69,400 |
76,800 |
81,600 |
28.0 |
26.8 |
35.6 |
| Mississippi |
138 |
182 |
225 |
15,700 |
14,100 |
16,100 |
8.8 |
12.9 |
14.0 |
| Missouri |
819 |
870 |
1,087 |
53,100 |
59,700 |
61,000 |
15.4 |
14.6 |
17.8 |
| Montana |
141 |
105 |
142 |
8,100 |
10,200 |
8,600 |
17.4 |
10.3 |
16.5 |
| Nebraska |
150 |
185 |
229 |
15,300 |
15,200 |
19,900 |
9.8 |
12.2 |
11.5 |
| Nevada |
216 |
226 |
356 |
11,600 |
10,100 |
10,800 |
18.6 |
22.4 |
33.0 |
| New Hampshire |
460 |
503 |
692 |
14,000 |
17,000 |
19,100 |
32.9 |
29.6 |
36.2 |
| New Jersey |
3,065 |
3,461 |
4,371 |
118,900 |
118,500 |
121,200 |
25.8 |
29.2 |
36.1 |
| New Mexico |
280 |
281 |
357 |
25,100 |
25,900 |
28,600 |
11.2 |
10.8 |
12.5 |
| New York |
5,266 |
5,421 |
6,903 |
197,400 |
206,900 |
216,000 |
26.7 |
26.2 |
32.0 |
| North Carolina |
1,255 |
1,501 |
1,956 |
75,000 |
84,500 |
93,800 |
16.7 |
17.8 |
20.9 |
| North Dakota |
63 |
50 |
76 |
4,500 |
4,300 |
4,700 |
14.0 |
11.6 |
16.2 |
| Ohio |
2,986 |
3,295 |
4,003 |
119,900 |
138,600 |
132,900 |
24.9 |
23.8 |
30.1 |
| Oklahoma |
545 |
453 |
545 |
25,500 |
28,600 |
28,100 |
21.4 |
15.8 |
19.4 |
| Oregon |
870 |
1,103 |
1,386 |
37,800 |
39,800 |
43,400 |
23.0 |
27.7 |
31.9 |
| Pennsylvania |
2,926 |
2,934 |
4,077 |
137,700 |
141,800 |
143,300 |
21.2 |
20.7 |
28.5 |
| Rhode Island |
263 |
303 |
341 |
15,600 |
13,500 |
14,200 |
16.9 |
22.4 |
24.0 |
| South Carolina |
521 |
499 |
654 |
31,800 |
34,200 |
37,500 |
16.4 |
14.6 |
17.4 |
| South Dakota |
44 |
53 |
78 |
5,400 |
5,400 |
7,000 |
8.1 |
9.8 |
11.1 |
| Tennessee |
708 |
745 |
1,018 |
50,400 |
47,100 |
44,400 |
14.0 |
15.8 |
22.9 |
| Texas |
4,314 |
4,449 |
6,425 |
229,600 |
232,300 |
254,800 |
18.8 |
19.2 |
25.2 |
| Utah |
554 |
666 |
748 |
26,100 |
24,400 |
25,200 |
21.2 |
27.3 |
29.7 |
| Vermont |
171 |
290 |
363 |
8,800 |
10,200 |
12,500 |
19.4 |
28.4 |
29.0 |
| Virginia |
944 |
917 |
1,151 |
104,500 |
116,200 |
124,100 |
9.0 |
7.9 |
9.3 |
| Washington |
1,257 |
1,510 |
2,038 |
75,800 |
97,900 |
101,500 |
16.6 |
15.4 |
20.1 |
| West Virginia |
151 |
165 |
166 |
12,000 |
14,100 |
16,500 |
12.6 |
11.7 |
10.1 |
| Wisconsin |
1,426 |
1,527 |
1,996 |
52,500 |
54,000 |
53,200 |
27.2 |
28.3 |
37.5 |
| Wyoming |
75 |
60 |
58 |
6,400 |
5,700 |
4,800 |
11.7 |
10.5 |
12.1 |
| Puerto Rico |
24 |
14 |
33 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
NA not available
NOTES: The state total for each year is the sum of the 50 states and the
District of Columbia. Patents issued include utility patents and other types
of U.S. documents (i.e., design patents, plant patents, reissues, defensive
publications, and statutory invention registrations). The origin of a patent
is determined by the residence of the first-named inventor. Individuals in
S&E occupations include those who are employed in S&E at the time of survey
and are included in one of the following two groups: (1) have ever received
a bachelor�s or higher degree in an S&E field or (2) have a non-S&E bachelor�s
or higher degree and were in an S&E occupation at the time of the 1993 Scientists
and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT) surveys. S&E occupations include
mathematical, computer, life, physical, and social scientists; engineers; and
postsecondary teachers in any S&E degree field. Because SESTAT survey sample
designs do not include geography, the reliability of estimates in some states
may be poor because of small sample size.
SOURCES: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Information Products Division/Technology
Assessment and Forecast Branch, Patent Counts by Country/State and Year,
All Patents, All Types, January 1, 1977–December 31, 2001, 2002; and National
Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, SESTAT.
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