Chapter 8: State Indicators

Research and Development Outputs

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Table 8-34

Academic patents awarded per 1,000 S&E doctorate holders in academia, by state: 1997, 2001, and 2003

 
  Patents awarded  to academic institutions S&E doctorate holders in academia Academic patents/ 1,000 academic S&E doctorate holders
State 1997 2001 2003 1997 2001 2003 1997 2001 2003
 
United States 2,439 3,203 3,252 231,690 244,390 250,020 10.5 13.1 13.0
Alabama 23 40 48 4,460 2,940 3,160 5.2 13.6 15.2
Alaska 2 0 0 450 530 600 4.4 0.0 0.0
Arizona 21 17 21 2,850 3,100 2,910 7.4 5.5 7.2
Arkansas 8 28 26 1,450 1,570 1,740 5.5 17.8 14.9
California 409 638 703 24,000 24,220 25,790 17.0 26.3 27.3
Colorado 30 14 27 4,250 4,780 5,030 7.1 2.9 5.4
Connecticut 34 37 41 3,750 4,090 4,310 9.1 9.0 9.5
Delaware 4 5 7 690 760 660 5.8 6.6 10.6
District of Columbia 28 13 16 1,830 2,440 1,380 15.3 5.3 11.6
Florida 94 103 126 6,440 7,510 7,560 14.6 13.7 16.7
Georgia 45 75 82 5,450 6,230 6,500 8.3 12.0 12.6
Hawaii 6 4 6 1,200 1,490 1,640 5.0 2.7 3.7
Idaho 0 0 3 780 910 1,170 0.0 0.0 2.6
Illinois 78 109 104 10,120 10,350 9,880 7.7 10.5 10.5
Indiana 38 17 24 4,500 5,570 5,560 8.4 3.1 4.3
Iowa 51 67 61 3,060 3,090 3,170 16.7 21.7 19.2
Kansas 7 18 17 2,240 2,180 2,290 3.1 8.3 7.4
Kentucky 16 20 27 2,890 3,080 3,240 5.5 6.5 8.3
Louisiana 26 42 31 3,390 3,220 3,180 7.7 13.0 9.7
Maine 0 2 2 1,290 1,150 1,120 0.0 1.7 1.8
Maryland 66 114 115 5,840 5,660 6,650 11.3 20.1 17.3
Massachusetts 188 218 227 11,190 12,630 13,700 16.8 17.3 16.6
Michigan 104 105 121 7,600 8,520 8,210 13.7 12.3 14.7
Minnesota 50 65 68 4,260 5,110 5,190 11.7 12.7 13.1
Mississippi 6 12 12 1,930 1,900 1,910 3.1 6.3 6.3
Missouri 40 55 44 5,600 5,430 5,340 7.1 10.1 8.2
Montana 4 4 4 940 730 980 4.3 5.5 4.1
Nebraska 27 21 19 2,250 1,910 1,790 12.0 11.0 10.6
Nevada 2 4 6 970 1,260 1,060 2.1 3.2 5.7
New Hampshire 3 10 9 1,090 1,160 1,190 2.8 8.6 7.6
New Jersey 52 81 73 4,750 5,210 6,290 10.9 15.5 11.6
New Mexico 18 17 14 2,120 2,690 2,650 8.5 6.3 5.3
New York 224 285 284 19,080 19,570 18,830 11.7 14.6 15.1
North Carolina 96 148 138 7,480 8,440 8,770 12.8 17.5 15.7
North Dakota 5 4 4 880 660 760 5.7 6.1 5.3
Ohio 75 93 73 9,390 9,480 9,600 8.0 9.8 7.6
Oklahoma 17 22 15 2,630 2,620 2,500 6.5 8.4 6.0
Oregon 27 23 16 2,570 3,070 3,140 10.5 7.5 5.1
Pennsylvania 138 213 174 11,620 13,130 14,380 11.9 16.2 12.1
Rhode Island 9 19 13 1,670 1,640 1,770 5.4 11.6 7.3
South Carolina 14 14 28 3,040 2,920 2,540 4.6 4.8 11.0
South Dakota 2 2 0 660 600 620 3.0 3.3 0.0
Tennessee 25 42 31 4,530 4,560 4,820 5.5 9.2 6.4
Texas 125 155 157 13,180 13,310 13,680 9.5 11.6 11.5
Utah 37 48 26 2,940 3,000 2,760 12.6 16.0 9.4
Vermont 3 3 5 1,080 960 950 2.8 3.1 5.3
Virginia 49 41 58 5,290 6,320 7,020 9.3 6.5 8.3
Washington 42 56 44 5,110 6,120 6,000 8.2 9.2 7.3
West Virginia 2 4 12 1,120 1,080 1,160 1.8 3.7 10.3
Wisconsin 65 74 87 5,230 4,920 4,400 12.4 15.0 19.8
Wyoming 4 2 3 560 570 470 7.1 3.5 6.4
 
Puerto Rico 0 5 7 630 1,030 1,250 0.0 4.9 5.6
 

NOTES: Survey of Doctorate Recipients sample design does not include geography. Data on U.S. S&E doctorate holders are classified by employment location. Thus, reliability of data for areas with smaller populations is lower than for more populous states. Reliability of estimates by state for S&E doctorate holders may be poor for some states because of small sample size.

SOURCES: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Technology Assessment and Forecast Branch, U.S. Colleges and Universities—Utility Patent Grants, Calendar Years 1969–2003; and National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients.

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