| Table 4-6 |
| Top 25 R&D-spending corporations: 2004 |
| |
| |
| |
R&D rank |
|
R&D expense ($millions) |
|
Sales ($millions) |
|
R&D intensity (%) |
| Company (country) |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
Change (%) |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
| |
| Ford Motor (U.S.) |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
7,400 |
|
7,500 |
|
-1.3 |
|
171,652 |
|
164,196 |
|
4.3 |
|
4.6 |
| DaimlerChrysler (Germany) |
|
2 |
|
4 |
|
7,187 |
|
7,076 |
|
1.6 |
|
180,448 |
|
173,307 |
|
4.0 |
|
4.1 |
| Toyota Motor (Japan) |
|
3 |
|
6 |
|
7,052 |
|
6,372 |
|
10.7 |
|
173,254 |
|
161,517 |
|
4.1 |
|
3.9 |
| Pfizer (U.S.) |
|
4 |
|
3 |
|
6,613 |
|
7,131 |
|
-7.3 |
|
52,516 |
|
45,188 |
|
12.6 |
|
15.8 |
| General Motors (U.S.) |
|
5 |
|
7 |
|
6,500 |
|
5,700 |
|
14.0 |
|
190,812 |
|
182,005 |
|
3.4 |
|
3.1 |
| Siemens (Germany) |
|
6 |
|
5 |
|
6,431 |
|
6,436 |
|
-0.1 |
|
95,480 |
|
94,293 |
|
6.7 |
|
6.8 |
| Microsoft (U.S.) |
|
7 |
|
1 |
|
6,184 |
|
7,779 |
|
-20.5 |
|
39,788 |
|
36,835 |
|
15.5 |
|
21.1 |
| Matsushita Electric Industrial (Japan) |
|
8 |
|
8 |
|
5,748 |
|
5,409 |
|
6.3 |
|
81,377 |
|
69,854 |
|
7.1 |
|
7.7 |
| GlaxoSmithKline (UK) |
|
9 |
|
9 |
|
5,251 |
|
5,162 |
|
1.7 |
|
37,655 |
|
39,656 |
|
13.9 |
|
13.0 |
| Johnson & Johnson (U.S.) |
|
10 |
|
13 |
|
5,203 |
|
4,684 |
|
11.1 |
|
47,348 |
|
41,862 |
|
11.0 |
|
11.2 |
| International Business Machines (U.S.) |
|
11 |
|
10 |
|
5,167 |
|
5,068 |
|
2.0 |
|
96,293 |
|
89,131 |
|
5.4 |
|
5.7 |
| Volkswagen (Germany) |
|
12 |
|
14 |
|
4,823 |
|
4,479 |
|
7.7 |
|
113,004 |
|
110,705 |
|
4.3 |
|
4.0 |
| Intel (U.S.) |
|
13 |
|
15 |
|
4,778 |
|
4,360 |
|
9.6 |
|
34,209 |
|
30,141 |
|
14.0 |
|
14.5 |
| Nokia (Finland) |
|
14 |
|
12 |
|
4,742 |
|
4,776 |
|
-0.7 |
|
37,176 |
|
37,415 |
|
12.8 |
|
12.8 |
| Sony (Japan) |
|
15 |
|
11 |
|
4,688 |
|
4,805 |
|
-2.4 |
|
66,864 |
|
70,009 |
|
7.0 |
|
6.9 |
| Samsung Electronics (South Korea) |
|
16 |
|
25 |
|
4,529 |
|
3,337 |
|
35.7 |
|
77,494 |
|
61,284 |
|
5.8 |
|
5.4 |
| Honda Motor (Japan) |
|
17 |
|
16 |
|
4,368 |
|
4,193 |
|
4.2 |
|
80,784 |
|
76,231 |
|
5.4 |
|
5.5 |
| Novartis (Switzerland) |
|
18 |
|
20 |
|
4,207 |
|
3,756 |
|
12.0 |
|
28,247 |
|
24,864 |
|
14.9 |
|
15.1 |
| Roche Holding (Switzerland) |
|
19 |
|
17 |
|
4,192 |
|
3,925 |
|
6.8 |
|
25,742 |
|
25,698 |
|
16.3 |
|
15.3 |
| Merck (U.S.) |
|
20 |
|
29 |
|
3,885 |
|
3,178 |
|
22.2 |
|
23,430 |
|
22,486 |
|
16.6 |
|
14.1 |
| AstraZeneca (UK) |
|
21 |
|
23 |
|
3,803 |
|
3,451 |
|
10.2 |
|
21,426 |
|
18,849 |
|
17.7 |
|
18.3 |
| Nissan Motor (Japan) |
|
22 |
|
28 |
|
3,718 |
|
3,309 |
|
12.4 |
|
80,094 |
|
69,382 |
|
4.6 |
|
4.8 |
| Robert Bosch (Germany) |
|
23 |
|
24 |
|
3,681 |
|
3,366 |
|
9.4 |
|
50,818 |
|
46,182 |
|
7.2 |
|
7.3 |
| Hitachi (Japan) |
|
24 |
|
22 |
|
3,630 |
|
3,472 |
|
4.5 |
|
84,304 |
|
80,619 |
|
4.3 |
|
4.3 |
| Hewlett-Packard (U.S.) |
|
25 |
|
21 |
|
3,506 |
|
3,652 |
|
-4.0 |
|
79,905 |
|
73,061 |
|
4.4 |
|
5.0 |
| |
UK = United Kingdom
SOURCE: Institute of Electronics and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), IEEE Spectrum Top 100 R&D Spenders, Standard & Poor’s data (2005), http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/dec05/2395, accessed 24 April 2007. Science and Engineering Indicators 2008 |
|
Source Data