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Chapter 8. State Indicators

Financial Research and Development Inputs


State Agency R&D Expenditures per Individual in S&E Occupation


Quartiles

State agency R&D expenditures per individual in S&E occupation: 2007 (Dollars)
 
1st quartile
($2,404 – $398)		 2nd quartile
($397 – $155)		 3rd quartile
($152 – $96)		 4th quartile
($86 – $20)
 
Alaska‡ Arizona Alabama‡ Colorado
Hawaii‡ Arkansas‡ California District of Columbia
Indiana Connecticut Delaware‡ Georgia
Maine‡ Florida Idaho‡ Massachusetts
Montana‡ Illinois Iowa Minnesota
New York Kansas‡ Mississippi‡ Nevada‡
North Dakota‡ Kentucky‡ Missouri New Hampshire‡
Ohio Louisiana‡ Nebraska‡ New Mexico‡
Pennsylvania Maryland Oregon Tennessee
South Carolina‡ Michigan Rhode Island‡ Texas
South Dakota‡ New Jersey Vermont‡ Utah
West Virginia‡ North Carolina Washington Virginia
Wyoming‡ Oklahoma‡ Wisconsin
 
‡ EPSCoR state

SOURCES: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of State Research and Development Expenditures; and Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates. See Data Table.



Findings

  • In 2007, the average state agency R&D expenditure per person employed in an S&E occupation was $219, indicating that state agency funding for R&D was a very small fraction of total R&D funding.
  • Nationally, state government agencies spent about $1.2 billion for R&D in 2007. By comparison, the federal government obligated more than $111 billion for R&D in 2007, about $20,000 for each person employed in an S&E occupation.
  • State agency R&D funding per person employed in an S&E occupation ranged from $2,404 to $20 per state in 2007.
  • Several EPSCoR states had the highest state agency R&D spending per S&E worker.


Description

This indicator measures the extent of the R&D activity funded by a state's government agencies relative to the number of individuals engaged in S&E occupations in the state.

Data on state R&D funding come from National Science Foundation surveys of state agencies covering 2006 and 2007 expenditures. The data cover funding administered by state government departments, agencies, independent commissions, and other state-run entities. They exclude state-run colleges and universities as well as laboratories or experiment stations controlled by state universities; funding administered by these institutions is classified as academic R&D. The data also exclude state legislatures' direct appropriations to nonstate agencies. Although the surveys are limited to R&D activities, the data may include some expenditures for non-R&D activities such as commercialization, environmental testing, and routine survey work.

The denominator of this indicator measures individuals with bachelor's or higher degrees who work in S&E occupations. S&E occupations are defined by standard occupational codes. They include engineers and computer, mathematical, life, physical, and social scientists. They exclude managers, technicians, elementary and secondary schoolteachers, and medical personnel. State data on individuals in S&E occupations come from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, which surveys states' workplaces and assigns workers to a state based on where they work. Because OES data do not classify postsecondary teachers by field, in these data, faculty teaching in S&E fields are not counted as working in S&E occupations.

Data Table

Table 8-38
State agency R&D expenditures per individual in S&E occupation, by state: 2006 and 2007
 
  State agency R&D expenditures
(currrent $)		   Individuals in S&E occupations   State agency R&D expenditures/
individual in S&E occupation ($)
State 2006 2007   2006 2007   2006 2007
 
United States 1,022,475,684 1,225,775,834   5,407,710 5,591,990   189 219
Alabama 7,269,319 7,340,365   66,100 69,650   110 105
Alaska 10,019,060 9,526,100   10,720 11,990   935 795
Arizona 37,151,471 20,442,635   98,110 102,380   379 200
Arkansas 4,869,648 7,658,199   24,860 28,460   196 269
California 107,793,045 91,842,652   730,010 753,570   148 122
Colorado 8,997,236 11,924,981   133,730 138,990   67 86
Connecticut 19,209,064 29,285,710   79,380 80,280   242 365
Delaware 2,812,102 2,611,108   21,550 22,140   130 118
District of Columbia 1,173,076 2,009,000   64,120 63,150   18 32
Florida 42,329,624 96,968,573   246,190 244,140   172 397
Georgia 10,620,188 4,886,946   136,470 136,880   78 36
Hawaii 12,067,849 22,643,330   18,940 18,740   637 1,208
Idaho 2,280,873 2,739,006   NA 24,330   NA 113
Illinois 37,184,281 41,974,809   222,470 225,180   167 186
Indiana 6,220,575 40,534,381   80,110 83,080   78 488
Iowa 13,564,062 6,790,053   43,670 45,430   311 149
Kansas 14,348,384 11,752,696   48,620 50,040   295 235
Kentucky 17,558,997 11,960,634   44,680 49,030   393 244
Louisiana 11,216,568 6,587,314   40,180 38,450   279 171
Maine 17,509,051 27,525,552   15,950 15,960   1,098 1,725
Maryland 24,945,119 40,298,691   159,470 162,540   156 248
Massachusetts 10,729,419 5,600,189   198,670 205,610   54 27
Michigan 75,016,589 32,849,159   208,520 212,040   360 155
Minnesota 6,219,201 10,529,048   125,930 129,840   49 81
Mississippi 2,744,882 2,893,892   24,910 25,520   110 113
Missouri 18,465,303 15,567,277   96,420 102,170   192 152
Montana 8,606,319 8,200,230   13,010 13,240   662 619
Nebraska 5,602,163 4,043,480   32,500 31,420   172 129
Nevada 1,397,463 1,748,776   26,930 26,920   52 65
New Hampshire 2,040,544 1,685,178   27,680 28,450   74 59
New Jersey 25,900,482 59,747,701   176,460 186,120   147 321
New Mexico 3,105,000 672,921   30,800 33,440   101 20
New York 103,597,135 128,361,166   306,810 322,520   338 398
North Carolina 14,344,310 37,607,109   138,790 142,970   103 263
North Dakota 21,062,090 9,908,722   9,360 9,660   2,250 1,026
Ohio 55,068,629 114,086,509   185,190 196,390   297 581
Oklahoma 8,922,036 10,731,050   50,770 51,430   176 209
Oregon 7,382,722 7,389,914   64,520 67,890   114 109
Pennsylvania 117,320,158 103,973,448   214,910 218,890   546 475
Rhode Island 150,000 1,771,949   18,060 18,400   8 96
South Carolina 22,427,746 31,493,843   53,230 54,120   421 582
South Dakota 5,791,586 5,473,603   10,120 11,550   572 474
Tennessee 5,355,000 4,549,998   67,040 70,820   80 64
Texas 28,019,645 29,650,947   408,710 441,410   69 67
Utah 3,214,170 2,752,228   49,690 51,340   65 54
Vermont 1,680,533 1,529,805   12,780 12,760   131 120
Virginia 11,579,623 15,486,526   251,720 254,710   46 61
Washington 22,834,218 23,333,431   171,780 183,900   133 127
West Virginia 6,024,577 22,179,830   17,150 16,560   351 1,339
Wisconsin 10,949,155 12,828,572   96,860 99,380   113 129
Wyoming 6,326,604 19,500,357   7,640 8,110   828 2,404
                 
Puerto Rico 1,458,790 2,326,241   23,850 NA   61 NA
 

NA = not available

NOTES: National total for S&E occupations in the United States provided by Occupational Employment Statistics (OES). OES estimates for 2006 and 2007 S&E occupations based on May data.

SOURCES: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of State Research and Development Expenditures (FY 2006, FY 2007); and Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates.

Science and Engineering Indicators 2010
Source Data
 

Science and Engineering Indicators 2010   Arlington, VA (NSB 10-01) | January 2010