Table 8-44
Academic patents awarded per 1,000 S&E doctorate holders in academia, by state: 1997, 2001, and 2006
 
  Patents awarded to academic institutions   S&E doctorate holders in academiaa   Academic patents/
1,000 academic S&E doctorate holders
State 1997 2001 2006   1997 2001 2006   1997 2001 2006
 
United States 2,482 3,282 3,382   245,670 261,780 290,730   10.1 12.5 11.6
Alabama 23 40 27   4,640 3,050 3,430   5.0 13.1 7.9
Alaska 2 0 0   450 530 580   4.4 0.0 0.0
Arizona 21 17 34   3,050 3,340 4,010   6.9 5.1 8.5
Arkansas 8 28 25   1,520 1,640 1,940   5.3 17.1 12.9
California 436 693 719   26,050 26,790 29,070   16.7 25.9 24.7
Colorado 32 31 29   4,550 5,120 5,540   7.0 6.1 5.2
Connecticut 34 37 51   4,000 4,420 4,770   8.5 8.4 10.7
Delaware 4 5 5   750 840 950   5.3 6.0 5.3
District of Columbia 28 13 15   2,210 2,840 2,580   12.7 4.6 5.8
Florida 96 106 171   6,850 8,250 9,590   14.0 12.8 17.8
Georgia 45 75 80   5,780 6,450 7,750   7.8 11.6 10.3
Hawaii 6 4 10   1,380 1,570 1,670   4.3 2.5 6.0
Idaho 6 6 10   780 980 1,490   7.7 6.1 6.7
Illinois 81 109 122   10,620 11,090 11,860   7.6 9.8 10.3
Indiana 39 17 32   4,680 5,710 6,190   8.3 3.0 5.2
Iowa 51 67 52   3,100 3,220 3,530   16.5 20.8 14.7
Kansas 7 18 4   2,260 2,270 2,600   3.1 7.9 1.5
Kentucky 16 20 28   3,040 3,240 3,610   5.3 6.2 7.8
Louisiana 26 42 23   3,580 3,470 3,470   7.3 12.1 6.6
Maine 0 2 5   1,340 1,200 1,210   0.0 1.7 4.1
Maryland 66 114 136   6,400 6,100 7,590   10.3 18.7 17.9
Massachusetts 188 218 234   11,810 13,390 14,980   15.9 16.3 15.6
Michigan 104 105 120   7,850 8,820 9,410   13.2 11.9 12.8
Minnesota 50 65 62   4,490 5,540 5,730   11.1 11.7 10.8
Mississippi 6 12 14   1,940 2,000 2,020   3.1 6.0 6.9
Missouri 40 55 42   5,770 5,710 5,750   6.9 9.6 7.3
Montana 4 4 6   1,020 810 1,230   3.9 4.9 4.9
Nebraska 27 21 19   2,360 1,960 1,900   11.4 10.7 10.0
Nevada 2 4 4   980 1,260 1,620   2.0 3.2 2.5
New Hampshire 3 10 18   1,130 1,240 1,270   2.7 8.1 14.2
New Jersey 52 81 80   5,290 5,860 6,500   9.8 13.8 12.3
New Mexico 19 17 9   2,450 2,910 2,220   7.8 5.8 4.1
New York 224 282 284   20,900 21,770 23,110   10.7 13.0 12.3
North Carolina 96 148 131   7,740 9,050 10,310   12.4 16.4 12.7
North Dakota 5 4 4   900 660 970   5.6 6.1 4.1
Ohio 75 93 86   9,750 9,920 10,620   7.7 9.4 8.1
Oklahoma 17 22 27   2,680 2,800 2,890   6.3 7.9 9.3
Oregon 27 23 20   2,690 3,250 3,620   10.0 7.1 5.5
Pennsylvania 138 213 147   12,150 13,590 16,210   11.4 15.7 9.1
Rhode Island 9 19 9   1,730 1,730 2,040   5.2 11.0 4.4
South Carolina 14 14 22   3,230 3,030 3,720   4.3 4.6 5.9
South Dakota 2 2 2   700 640 690   2.9 3.1 2.9
Tennessee 25 42 37   4,720 4,800 5,640   5.3 8.8 6.6
Texas 125 155 191   13,760 14,270 17,170   9.1 10.9 11.1
Utah 38 48 35   3,080 3,100 3,580   12.3 15.5 9.8
Vermont 3 3 4   1,140 1,050 1,050   2.6 2.9 3.8
Virginia 49 41 48   5,830 7,180 8,050   8.4 5.7 6.0
Washington 42 56 42   5,410 6,390 7,190   7.8 8.8 5.8
West Virginia 2 4 2   1,190 1,150 1,320   1.7 3.5 1.5
Wisconsin 65 74 102   5,390 5,210 5,970   12.1 14.2 17.1
Wyoming 4 3 3   560 570 520   7.1 5.3 5.8
                       
Puerto Rico 0 5 2   640 1,070 1,270   0.0 4.7 1.6
 

aCoefficients of variation for estimates of S&E doctorate holders in academia presented in appendix table 8-14.

SOURCES: Patent and Trademark Office, Technology Assessment and Forecast Branch, U.S. Colleges and Universities—Utility Patent Grants, Calendar Years 1969–2006; and National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients.

Science and Engineering Indicators 2010

Source Data