Table 4-7
Sources of funds for domestic R&D performed by the company, by selected industry and company size: 2008
(Millions of U.S. dollars)
 
              R&D paid for by others
Industry and company size   NAICS code   Total R&D paid for by the company   Total U.S. federal government   Nonfederal sourcesa
 
All industries   21–23, 31–33, 42–81   290,681 232,505   58,176 36,360   21,816
Manufacturing   31–33   203,754 164,386   39,368 31,102   8,266
Chemicals   325   58,249 55,042   3,207 197   3,010
Pharmaceuticals and medicines   3254   48,131 45,169   2,962 137   2,825
Other chemicals   other 325   10,118 9,873   245 60   185
Computer and electronic products   334   60,463 52,912   7,551 4,646   2,905
Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments   3345   15,460 10,463   4,997 3,635   1,362
Other computer and electronic products   other 334   45,003 42,449   2,554 1,011   1,543
Transportation equipment   336   50,552 23,039   27,513 25,941  i 1,572
Aerospace products and parts   3364   36,941 10,371   26,570 25,805  i 765
Other transportation equipment   other 336   13,611 12,668   943 136   807
Other manufacturing   other 31–33   34,490 33,393   1,097 318   779
                     
Nonmanufacturing   21–23, 42–81   86,925 68,118   18,807 5,258   13,549
Professional, scientific, and technical services   54   37,954 20,539   17,415 4,844   12,571
Scientific research and development services   5417   17,913 8,708   9,205 2,115   7,090
Other professional, scientific, and technical services   other 54   20,041 11,831   8,210 2,729   5,481
Other nonmanufacturing   other 21–23, 42–81   48,971 47,579   1,392 414   978
                     
All companies   21–23, 31–33, 42–81   290,681 232,505   58,176 36,360   21,816
Small companies (number of domestic employees)b   —   58,136 46,395   11,741 4,117   7,624
5–99   —   33,256 24,890   8,366 2,667   5,699
100–249   —   14,662 12,933   1,729 718   1,011
250–499   —   10,218 8,572   1,646 732   914
Medium and large
companies (number of
domestic employees)		   —   232,544 186,110   46,434 32,243   14,191
500–999   —   11,886 9,673   2,213 747   1,466
1,000–4,999   —   46,337 39,010   7,327 2,162  i 5,165
5,000–9,999   —   24,764 20,358   4,406 1,168   3,238
10,000–24,999   —   48,737 43,049   5,688 3,024   2,664
25,000 or more   —   100,820 74,020   26,800 25,142  i 1,658
 

i = more than 50% of the estimate is a combination of imputation and reweighting to account for nonresponse

NAICS = North American Industry Classification System

aCompanies located in the United States funded $12.2 billion; $8.9 billion was funded by companies located outside of the United States, including R&D paid for by the foreign parents of U.S. affiliates. For manufacturing industries, the amounts were $3.4 billion and $4.7 billion, respectively, and for nonmanufacturing industries, $8.7 billion and $4.2 billion, respectively.
bUpper bound based on U.S. Small Business Administration's definition of a small business; the Business R&D and Innovation Survey does not include companies with fewer than five domestic employees.

NOTES: Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Industry classification based on dominant business code for domestic R&D performance where available. For companies that did not report business codes, classification used for sampling was assigned.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics and Census Bureau, Business R&D and Innovation Survey (2008).

Science and Engineering Indicators 2012
Source Data