Chapter 3: Science and Engineering Workforce - References

Atkinson, R.C. 1990. "Supply and Demand for Scientists and Engineers: A National Crisis in the Making." Science April 27.

Augustine, N.R. 1991. "L.A. Engineer." The Bridge Winter.

Baigee, A. 1990. "Needed: Women Who Dare to Be Different." The Canadian Engineering Manpower Board, Indicator Vol. 3, No. 2 (Oct.).

Barber, E.G., and R.P. Morgan. 1987. "The Impact of Foreign Graduate Students on Engineering Education in the United States." Science April.

____. 1988. Boon or Bane: Foreign Graduate Students in U.S. Engineering Programs. New York: Institute of International Education.

Barber, E.G., R.P. Morgan, R. Torstrick. 1987. "Foreign Graduate Students in U.S. Engineering Programs: Problems and Solutions." Engineering Education Dec.

Barinaga, M. 1992. "The Attractions of Biotech Careers Over Academia." Science Sept. 18

Bell, T.E. 1990. "'90s Employment: Some Bad News, But Some Good." IEEE Spectrum Dec.

Bergmann, B.R. 1992. "Renewing the Academic Roster." In Preparing for the 21st Century: Human Resources in Science & Technology, Proceedings of a Symposium. Washington, DC: Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology.

Braddock, D.J. 1992. "Scientific and Technical Employment, 1990-2005." Monthly Labor Review Feb.

Brauer, J., and J.T. Marlin. 1992. "Converting Resources From Military to Non-Military Uses." Journal of Economic Perspectives (Fall).

Brennan, M.B., R.L. Rawls, and P.S. Zurer. 1992. "1993 Employment Outlook." Chemical and Engineering News Oct. 19.

Brush, S.G. 1991. "Women in Science and Engineering." American Scientist Sept.-Oct.

Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Department of Commerce. 1985. U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: 1982 Benchmark Survey Data. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

____. 1992. U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: 1989 Benchmark Survey, Final Results. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Department of Labor. 1990. Outlook 2000. Bulletin 2352. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

____. Annual series. Occupational Employment Surveys.

Cipra, B. 1991. "Math Ph.D.s: Bleak Picture." Science April.

Citro, C.F., and G. Kalton, eds. 1989. Surveying the Nation's Scientists and Engineers: A Data System for the 1990s. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

College Placement Council. 1991. Recruiting 1992. Bethlehem, PA.

____. Annual series. "Survey of Beginning Salary Offers." Bethlehem, PA.

Ehrenberg, R.G. 1991. "Annual Report on the Economic Status of the Profession 1990-1991." Academe 77.

Engineering Manpower Commission. 1990. "Prospects for Engineering Manpower." Engineering Manpower Bulletin No. 105 (Oct.).

____. 1991a. "Engineering Employment and Unemployment." Engineering Manpower Bulletin No. 112 (Sept.).

____. 1991b. "Engineers in America's Future: Shortage or Surplus?" Engineering Manpower Bulletin No. 114 (Nov.).

____. 1991c. "Job Markets for Engineering Graduates in 1991." Engineering Manpower Bulletin No. 113 (Oct.).

____. 1991d. "Women in Engineering." Engineering Manpower Bulletin No. 109 (May).

____. 1992a. "Engineering Salaries, 1992." Engineering Manpower Bulletin No. 120 (July).

____. 1992b. "Job Markets for Engineering Graduates in 1992." Engineering Manpower Bulletin No. 122 (Nov.).

Engineering Workforce Commission. 1993. "Women in Engineering." Engineering Workforce Bulletin No. 125 (May).

Fechter, A. 1990. "Engineering Shortages and Shortfalls: Myths and Realities." The Bridge Fall.

Finn, M.G. 1991. "Personnel Shortage in Your Future?" Research-Technology Management Jan.-Feb.

Finn, M.G., and J.G. Baker. 1993. "Future Jobs in Natural Science and Engineering: Shortage or Surplus?" Monthly Labor Review Feb.

Flam, F. 1992. "Physics Famine: A Frenzied Search for Job Stability." Science Sept. 18.

Hecker, D.E. 1992. "Reconciling Conflicting Data on Jobs for College Graduates." Monthly Labor Review July.

Hileman, B., and R.L. Rawls. 1991. "1992 Employment Outlook." Chemical and Engineering News Oct. 21.

Holden, C. 1991. "Career Trends for the 90's." Science May 24.

Kosiak, S., and R.A. Bitzinger. 1993. "Potential Impact of Defense Spending Reductions on the Defense-related Labor Force by State." Washington, DC: Defense Budget Project.

Law, V. 1992. "21st Annual Recruiting Trends Survey." Graduating Engineer April.

Leslie, L.L., and R.L. Oaxaca. 1990. "Scientist and Engineer Supply and Demand." Final Report to the Science Resources Studies Division, National Science Foundation. Washington, DC: NSF.

McClure, D.E. 1992. "1991 Annual AMS-MAA Survey (Second Report)." Notices July/August.

McCormick, K. 1992. In Preparing for the 21st Century: Human Resources in Science & Technology, Proceedings of a Symposium. Washington, DC: Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology.

National Research Council (NRC). 1993. Improving the Recruitment, Retention, and Utilization of Federal Scientists and Engineers. Washington, DC.

National Science Board (NSB). 1991. Science & Engineering Indicators-1991. NSB 91-1. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

Office of Personnel Management (OPM). 1985. Occupations of Federal White-Collar and Blue-Collar Workers. Washington, DC.

____. 1991. Occupations of Federal White-Collar and Blue-Collar Workers. Washington, DC:National Technical Information Service.

Office of Technology Assessment (OTA). 1992. After the Cold War: Living with Lower Defense Spending. Washington, DC.

Saunders, N.C. 1993. "Employment Effects of the Rise and Fall in Defense Spending." Monthly Labor Review April.

Seitelman. 1991. "The Economic Rules No Longer Apply." SIAM News Sept.

Science Resources Studies Division (SRS), National Science Foundation. 1982. Characteristics of Recent Science and Engineering Graduates: 1980. NSF 82-313. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1989. Federal Scientists and Engineers: 1988. NSF 89-3. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1990. Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering. NSF 90-301. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1991. Survey of Direct U.S. Private Capital Investment in Research and Development Facilities in Japan. NSF 91-312. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1992a. Characteristics of Recent Science and Engineering Graduates: 1990. NSF 92-316. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1992b. National Patterns of R& D Resources: 1992. NSF 92-330. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1992c. Selected Data on Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering: Fall 1991. NSF 92-335. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1992d. Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering: An Update. NSF 92-303. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1993a. Human Resources for Science and Technology: The Asian Region. NSF 93-303. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. 1993b. Selected Data on Science and Engineering Doctorate Awards: 1992. NSF 93-315. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. Forthcoming (a). Characteristics of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers in the United States: 1991. Washington, DC: NSF.

____. Forthcoming (b). Research and Development in Industry: 1991. Washington, DC: NSF.

Shelley, K.J. 1992. "The Future of Jobs for College Graduates." Monthly Labor Review July.

Silvestri, G., and J. Lukasiewicz. 1991. "Occupational Employment Projections." Monthly Labor Review Nov.

Turner, S.E., and W.G. Bowen. 1990. "The Flight from the Arts and Sciences: Trends in Degrees Conferred." Science Oct. 26.

Vetter, B.M. 1990. "Women in Science and Engineering: An Illustrated Progress Report." Occasional Paper 90-4. Washington, DC: Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology.

____. 1992a. "What is Holding Up the Glass Ceiling? Barrier to Women in the Science and Engineering Workforce." Occasional Paper 92-3. Washington, DC: Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology.

____. 1992b. "Supply and Demand in Science and Engineering." Occasional Paper 91-4. Washington, DC: Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology.

____. 1993. "Setting the Record Straight: Shortages in Perspective." Occasional Paper 92-4. Washington, DC: Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology.

Wall Street Journal. 1993. "College Class of '93 Learns Hard Lesson: Career Prospects Are Worst in Decades." May 20.

Washington Post. 1992. "Tale of 2 Differing Defense Firms." Dec. 14.

Weatherall, R.A. 1992. "Corporate Investment in Human Resources and Industry-Education Partnerships." In Preparing for the 21st Century: Human Resources in Science & Technology, Proceedings of a Symposium. Washington, DC: Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology.

White, R.M. 1991. "Science, Engineering, and the Sorcerer's Apprentice." The Bridge Spring.