Chapter 3: Science & Engineering Indicators
Chapter Organization
This chapter begins with a discussion of S& E employment by sector. Employment of scientists, engineers, and technicians in the industrial sector is examined, followed by a discussion of scientists and engineers employed by the Federal Government.
(This chapter does not contain a specific section devoted to scientists and engineers employed by colleges and universities, because they are covered in chapter 5.) Other topics examined are scientists and engineers engaged in research and
development in the United States and R& D employment by U.S. companies in other countries.
This chapter also covers the S& E labor market, including the impact of defense downsizing on technical employment and recent efforts to forecast the supply and demand for technical workers. Separate sections are devoted to employment trends among
doctoral scientists and engineers and special populations in the S& E workforce, including women, minorities, and immigrants. Finally, comparative data on international S& E employment are provided.
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