Highlights

• Funding for Academic R&D
• Facilities and Instruments
• Characteristics of Doctoral Researchers in Academic R&D
• Women and Minorities in Academic R&D
• Support for Academic Research Personnel
• Outputs of Academic R&D

Introduction

• Chapter Background
• Chapter Organization

Financial Resources for Academic R&D

• Academic R&D in a National Context
• Sources of Funds
• Distribution of R&D Funds Across Academic Institutions
• Industrial Support of R&D at Specific Academic Institutions
• Academic R&D Expenditures by Field and Funding Source
• The Nature of Engineering Research at U.S. Universities
• Support of Academic R&D by Federal Agencies
• The Spreading Institutional Base of Federally Funded Academic R&D
• An Update on Congressional Earmarking to Universities and Colleges
• Federal Academic Research Funding by Mode of Support
• Academic R&D Facilities and Instrumentation

Doctoral Scientists and Engineers Active in Academic R&D

• Number of Academic Researchers
• Changes in the Survey of Doctorate Recipients
• Academic Researchers by Field
• Women in Academic R&D
• Minorities in Academic R&D
• Teaching and Research as Primary Work Responsibility
• Changing Age Structure of Academic Reseachers
• Research Participation
• Participation of Graduate Students in Academic R&D
• Federal Support of Academic S&E Researchers
• Multiple Versus Single Agency Support

Outputs of Academic R&D: Scientific Publications and Patents

• World Literature in Key Journals
• U.S. and World Publication in Biology and Biomedical Research
• Patents Awarded to U.S. Universities
• Income from Patenting and License Arrangements

References

Figures

Text Tables

Appendix Tables

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