Earth sciences

• internationally coauthored articles as a percentage of all articles, figure 5-15, appendix table 5-24
• percentage change in U.S. share of world articles, figure 5-14, appendix table 5-21

Education. See also Students

• graduate, highlights, reference 1
• improving minority participation in S&E education, reference 1
• precollege
  • calculator use and, reference 1, figure 1-16
  • classroom activities, reference 1, figure 1-15
  • computer use and, reference 1
  • highlights, reference 1, reference 2, reference 3, reference 4, reference 5
  • improvements in assessing achievement, reference 1
  • international comparisons of math and science achievement, reference 1
  • math achievement in 1992, reference 1, appendix tables 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17
  • NAEP trends, reference 1, figure 1-17, appendix tables 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 1-9, 1-10, 1-11, 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17
  • SAT scores, reference 1, reference 2, reference 3, figure 1-7, appendix tables 1-18, 1-19, 1-20, 1-21, 1-22, 1-23
  • student attitudes toward math and science, reference 1
  • student persistence in math and science courses, reference 1
  • student SME intentions, reference 1, reference 2
  • trends in achievement by ethnicity, reference 1, reference 2, reference 3, reference 4, appendix tables 1-10, 1-11, 1-12, 1-13
  • trends in achievement by gender, reference 1, reference 2, reference 3, appendix tables 1-9, 1-10, 1-11, 1-12, 1-13
  • trends toward state frameworks and higher standards for student performance, reference 1
• technical, in Germany and Japan, reference 1
• undergraduate
  • highlights, reference 1
  • instruction by type of faculty, reference 1, appendix table 2-7

• degrees, bachelors, by gender, figure 3-13
• doctoral unemployment, underemployment, and employment rates, text table 3-3
• employment rates, text table 3-1
• manufacturing jobs, reference 1, appendix table 3-1
• minorities as a proportion of doctoral S&E workforce, text table 3-5
• women as a proportion of doctoral S&E workforce, text table 3-5

Elementary students. See Students, precollege

Elementary teachers. See Teachers, precollege

Employment of S&E's. See Science and engineering (S&E), workforce

Energy, Department of (DOE)

• academic R&D funding by mode of support, reference 1, appendix table 2-8
• funding for FCCSET initiatives, figure 4-17, appendix table 4-21
• R&D support, reference 1, figures 4-13, 4-14, text tables 4-3, 4-4, appendix tables 4-10, 4-11, 4-13, 4-14, 4-17
• weapons laboratories, reference 1, reference 1

• academic doctoral researchers
  • by number of years since doctorate, text table 5-6, appendix table 5-17
  • reporting federal support, figure 5-12, appendix table 5-19
  • reporting multiple federal agency support, figure 5-13, appendix table 5-20
• academic R&D expenditures, reference 1, appendix table 5-7
• average annual growth rates of employed doctoral scientists and engineers, figure 5-8, appendix table 5-14
• degrees
  • associate, text table 2-5, appendix table 2-18
  • bachelors, reference 1, figures 2-5, 2-12, text table 2-6, appendix tables 2-5, 2-19
  • bachelors by gender, figure 3-13
  • first, NS&E by region, reference 1, text table 2-1, appendix tables 2-1, 2-2, 2-3
  • masters, figure 2-6, appendix table 2-5
• doctoral unemployment, underemployment, and employment rates, text table 3-3
• employment rates, text table 3-1
• expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions, reference 1, figure 5-7, appendix table 5-13
• federal obligations for research, figure 4-15, appendix tables 4-15, 4-16
• first degrees by region, figure 2-1, appendix table 2-2
• foreign students in graduate programs, reference 1, figure 2-16, appendix tables 2-24, 2-28
• graduate enrollments, reference 1, figure 2-14, figure 2-15, appendix tables 2-23, 2-24
• graduate student financial support, figure 2-20, appendix table 2-33
• internationally coauthored articles as a percentage of all articles, figure 5-15, appendix table 5-24
• job losses, reference 1
• minorities
  • as a proportion of doctoral S&E workforce, text table 3-5
  • representation among freshmen, figure 2-9, appendix table 2-12
• nature of engineering research at U.S. universities, reference 1
• number of institutions receiving federal R&D support, reference 1, figure 5-5, appendix table 5-10
• percentage change in U.S. share of world articles, figure 5-14, appendix table 5-21
• as planned major of National Merit Scholars, reference 1, figure 2-10, appendix table 2-13
• undergraduate enrollments, reference 1, appendix tables 2-8, 2-9, 2-10
• unemployment, reference 1, appendix table 3-11
• women in, reference 1, figure 3-13, appendix table 3-16
  • as a proportion of doctoral S&E workforce, text table 3-5

Engineers

• attachment rates, reference 1
• doctoral
  • academic researchers by field, reference 1, appendix table 5-15
  • changes in the survey of doctorate recipients, reference 1
  • changing age structure of academic researchers, reference 1, appendix table 5-17
  • employment by sector, reference 1, appendix table 3-14
  • federal support of academic researchers, reference 1, figure 5-12, appendix tables 5-19, 5-20
  • minorities in academic R&D, reference 1, text table 5-5, appendix table 5-16
  • in R&D, figure 3-6, appendix table 3-4
  • research participation, reference 1, appendix table 5-18
  • salaries, reference 1, appendix table 3-10
  • teaching and research as primary work responsibility, reference 1, appendix table 5-15
  • trends for academic researchers, reference 1, appendix table 5-14
  • underemployment, reference 1, text table 3-3
  • unemployment, reference 1, text table3-3
  • women in academic R&D, reference 1, text table 5-5, appendix tables 5-14, 5-16
• employment
  • by gender, figure 3-12, appendix table 3-16
  • defense-related, reference 1, appendix table 3-10
  • federal, reference 1, figure 3-4, appendix table 3-2
  • full time, figure 3-8, appendix table 3-7
  • in-field, reference 1, text table 3-1
  • manufacturing, reference 1, appendix table 3-1
  • nonmanufacturing, reference 1, appendix table 3-1
• immigrant
  • admitted to U.S. on permanent visas, figure 3-6, appendix table 3-18
  • from the former Soviet Union, text table 3-6
  • in the S&E workforce, reference 1, appendix table 3-18
• median annual salaries, figure 3-10, appendix table 3-12
• minority representation in S&E labor force, figure 3-14, appendix table 3-17
• salaries, reference 1, figure 3-10, appendix tables 3-8, 3-12
• unemployment rates, figure 3-9, appendix table 3-11

Enrollments

• graduate, reference 1, appendix tables 2-23, 2-24
• undergraduate, reference 1, appendix tables 2-8, 2-9, 2-10
• U.S. figure 2-4, appendix table 2-4

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), academic R&D funding by mode of support, reference 1, appendix table 2-8

Environmental sciences

• academic doctoral researchers
  • by number of years since doctorate, text table 5-6, appendix table 5-17
  • reporting federal support, figure 5-12, appendix table 5-19
  • reporting multiple federal agency support, figure 5-13, appendix table 5-20
• academic R&D expenditures, figure 5-4, appendix table 5-7
• average annual growth rates of employed doctoral scientists and engineers, figure 5-8, appendix table 5-14
• degrees, bachelors, figure 2-12, text table 2-6, appendix table 2-19
• doctoral unemployment, underemployment, and employment rates, text table 3-3
• employment rates, text table 3-1
• expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions, figure 5-7, appendix table 5-13
• federal obligations for research, figure 4-15, appendix tables 4-15, 4-16
• minorities as a proportion of doctoral S&E workforce, text table 3-5
• number of institutions receiving federal R&D support, figure 5-5, appendix table 5-10
• women as a proportion of doctoral S&E workforce, text table 3-5

Environmental terms and concepts, understanding of, reference 1, reference 2, figure 7-19, appendix tables 7-24, 7-25, 7-26

EPA. See Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Ethnic comparisons

• academic R&D, reference 1, text table 5-5, appendix table 5-16
• degrees
  • bachelors, reference 1, figure 2-14, appendix tables 2-20, 2-21, 2-22
  • doctoral, reference 1, appendix table 2-28
• graduate enrollments in S&E, figure 2-15, appendix table 2-24
• planned majors of freshmen, reference 1, appendix table 1-11
• precollege students
  • math achievement in 1992, reference 1, text table 1-1, appendix tables 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17
  • SAT scores, figure 1-8, figure 1-9, appendix tables 1-19, 1-20, 1-21, 1-22, 1-23
  • standardized tests and, reference 1
  • trends in achievement, reference 1, reference 2, appendix tables 1-10, 1-11, 1-12, 1-13
• proportions of doctoral S&E workforce, text table 3-5
• S&E workforce, reference 1, reference 2, appendix table 3-17

Europe

• immigrant scientists and engineers from, reference 1, figure 3-15, appendix table 3-18
• NS&E first degrees awarded in, reference 1, figure 2-1, text table 2-2, appendix table 2-1
• R&D
  • performed for affiliates of U.S. companies in, text table 4-6
  • performed in the U.S. by affiliates of companies in, text table 4-7
• S&E first degrees awarded in, reference 1, figure 2-1, figure 2-2, text table 2-1, appendix table 2-1

Europe-United States corporate technology alliances, figure 4-27, appendix table 4-42

European Community (EC)

• assessment of scientific research, figure 7-13, appendix table 7-14
• environmental interest and knowledge, text table 7-3
• high-tech industries' share of total manufacturing output, figure 6-3, appendix table 6-4
• industrial R&D, figure 6-15, appendix table 6-11
• informedness on scientific issues, figure 7-4, appendix table 7-6
• interest in scientific issues, figure 7-3, appendix table 7-3
• royalties and fees from exchange of industrial processes, figure 6-14, appendix table 6-7
• scientific term and concept knowledge, figure 7-17, appendix table 7-22
• share of global high-tech market, figure 6-4, appendix table 6-4

Exports share of total manufacturing production, reference 1, figure 6-6, appendix table 6-4

Extracurricular activities of precollege students, reference 1

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