Underemployment

• doctoral scientists and engineers, text table 3-3, reference 2
• S& E, reference 1

Undergraduate students. See Students, undergraduate

Understanding of science. See Public understanding of science

Unemployment

• doctoral scientists and engineers, text table 3-3, reference 2
• engineering, reference 1, appendix table 3-11
• S& E, reference 1, reference 2, reference 3, appendix table 3-11

• assessment of scientific research, figure 7-14, appendix table 7-15
• GDP, figure 6-1, appendix tables 6-1, 6-2, 6-3
• informedness on scientific issues, figure 7-4, appendix table 7-6
• interest in scientific issues, figure 7-3, appendix table 7-3
• NS& E first degrees awarded in, figure 2-1, reference 2, appendix tables 2-1, 2-3
• patents
  • awarded to nonresident inventors, figure 6-21, reference 2, appendix tables 6-12, 6-21
  • genetic engineering, reference 1, reference 2, appendix table 6-25
  • optical fibers, reference 1, reference 2, figure 6-25, text table 6-11, appendix tables 6-26, 6-27
  • robot technology, reference 1, reference 2, reference 3, figure 6-23, text tables 6-05, 6-11, appendix tables 6-22, 6-23
  • U.S. patent classes most emphasized, reference 1, text table 6-2, appendix table 6-18
  • U.S. patents granted to, reference 1, figure 6-19, appendix table 6-12
• R& D
  • as a percentage of GDP, figure 4-7, appendix tables 4-35, 4-36
  • employment by affiliates of U.S. companies in, figure 3-7, appendix table 3-5
  • expenditures, figure 4-6, appendix tables 4-37, 4-38
  • facilities located in the U.S., text table 4-8
  • industrial, reference 1, figure 6-15
  • nondefense, as a percentage of U.S. spending, figure 4-8, appendix table 4-36
  • performed for affiliates of U.S. companies in, text table 4-7
  • performed in the U.S. by affiliates of companies in, text table 4-6
  • portion of industrial R& D financed from foreign sources, reference 1, appendix table 4-43
  • ratio of R& D scientists and engineers to workers in the general labor force, reference 1, figure 3-17, appendix table 3-22
  • support, figure 4-12, appendix table 4-39
• royalties and fees from exchange of industrial processes, figure 6-14, appendix table 6-7
• scientific term and concept knowledge, reference 1, figure 7-17, appendix 7-22
• social sciences first degrees awarded in, figure 2-2, appendix table 2-2

Universities. See Colleges and universities

University-industry research centers (UIRCs), reference 1

USDA. See Agriculture, Department of (USDA)

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