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Building Tsunami-resistant Cities

Photo of the Seawall experiment in the Large Wave Flume at Oregon State University.

The Seawall experiment in the Large Wave Flume at Oregon State University's O.H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory. Researchers vary the seawall height by changing the number of wooden boards in the system from 1 to 6 (0.04m-0.24m).

Credit: Daniel T. Cox, Oregon State University


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A tsunami generated by a piston wavemaker travels across a flume, breaks and impacts a wall, causing it to collapse.

Credit: Daniel T. Cox, Oregon State University

 

Photo showing a wave impacting a seawall, leading to skyward deflection of momentum.

A wave impacts a seawall, leading to skyward deflection of momentum. Over the range of wave heights tested, the 0.24-meter-high seawall caused force reductions ranging from 45 to 85 percent.

Credit: Daniel T. Cox, Oregon State University


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Photo showing a wooden shear wall upon failure caused by a 0.7m high tsunami wave breaking on wall.

A wooden shear wall upon failure. This failure was caused by a 0.7-meter-high tsunami wave breaking directly onto the wall.

Credit: Daniel T. Cox, Oregon State University


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Photo of a building in Khoa Lak, Thailand, destroyed by the 2004 tsunami.

This building, located in Khoa Lak, Thailand, was destroyed by the 2004 tsunami. Note that while the frame and roof are gone, the structural elements (columns) survived. By measuring the column diameter and assessing the amount and type of reinforcement, Mary Beth Oshnack and her colleague at the University of Notre Dame, Emily Kunen (left), obtained detailed input for structural models.

Credit: Tracy Kijewski-Correa, University of Notre Dame


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