The changes to the frame—adding the new frame institutions, and excluding previously eligible for-profit institutions—will lead to small overall changes in GSS estimates, though some estimates will be disproportionately affected. The 2013 GSS population would have been approximately 644,000 graduate students after incorporating the new frame institutions, compared to the approximately 633,000 graduate students in the extant frame (table 9). The changes would lead to a 1.8% increase in overall graduate enrollment in SEH programs, a 0.8% increase in full-time students, and a 4.4% increase in part-time students. The increase in part-time graduate students would result in a 0.7% increase in the proportion of part-time graduate enrollment in GSS.
|
- = no value possible. a Percentage point (PP) change is the percent distribution of all institutions minus the percent distribution of core institutions. The PP change (rather than the percent change) describes the impact of adding the new frame institutions on the current distribution.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 2013. |
||||||||||||
| Count | Percent distribution | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Core institutions |
New frame institutions |
For-profit institutions |
Net change |
All institutions |
Percent change |
Core institutions |
New frame institutions |
For-profit institutions |
All institutions |
Percentage point changea |
|
| All graduate students | 633,010 | 20,772 | -9,619 | 11,153 | 644,163 | 1.8 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | - | |
| Full-time | 468,953 | 9,529 | -5,637 | 3,892 | 472,845 | 0.8 | 74.1 | 45.9 | 58.6 | 73.4 | -0.7 | |
| Part-time | 164,057 | 11,243 | -3,982 | 7,261 | 171,318 | 4.4 | 25.9 | 54.1 | 41.4 | 26.6 | 0.7 | |
| Female | 291,380 | 11,174 | -7,050 | 4,124 | 295,504 | 1.4 | 46.0 | 53.8 | 73.3 | 45.9 | -0.2 | |
| Male | 341,630 | 9,598 | -2,569 | 7,029 | 348,659 | 2.1 | 54.0 | 46.2 | 26.7 | 54.1 | 0.2 | |
| U.S. citizens and permanent residentsb | 436,296 | 17,957 | -9,480 | 8,477 | 444,773 | 1.9 | 68.9 | 86.4 | 98.6 | 69.0 | 0.1 | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 37,283 | 2,363 | -677 | 1,686 | 38,969 | 4.5 | 8.5 | 13.2 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 0.2 | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | ||||||||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 2,517 | 130 | -80 | 50 | 2,567 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.0 | |
| Asian | 37,137 | 1,045 | -302 | 743 | 37,880 | 2.0 | 8.5 | 5.8 | 3.2 | 8.5 | 0.0 | |
| Black or African American | 37,197 | 3,534 | -3,813 | -279 | 36,918 | -0.8 | 8.5 | 19.7 | 40.2 | 8.3 | -0.2 | |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1,037 | 39 | -22 | 17 | 1,054 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |
| White | 281,354 | 8,696 | -3,495 | 5,201 | 286,555 | 1.8 | 64.5 | 48.4 | 36.9 | 64.4 | -0.1 | |
| More than one race | 9,160 | 447 | -263 | 184 | 9,344 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 0.0 | |
| Unknown race and ethnicity | 30,611 | 1,703 | -828 | 875 | 31,486 | 2.9 | 7.0 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 7.1 | 0.1 | |
| Temporary visa holders | 196,714 | 2,815 | -139 | 2,676 | 199,390 | 1.4 | 31.1 | 13.6 | 1.4 | 31.0 | -0.1 | |
| Primary funding sourcec | ||||||||||||
| Federal | 76,840 | 412 | -145 | 267 | 77,107 | 0.3 | 16.4 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 16.3 | -0.1 | |
| Institutional | 189,440 | 1,574 | -35 | 1,539 | 190,979 | 0.8 | 40.4 | 16.5 | 0.6 | 40.4 | 0.0 | |
| Other nonfederal | 25,885 | 149 | -24 | 125 | 26,010 | 0.5 | 5.5 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 5.5 | 0.0 | |
| Self-support | 176,788 | 7,394 | -5,433 | 1,961 | 178,749 | 1.1 | 37.7 | 77.6 | 96.4 | 37.8 | 0.1 | |
| Primary funding mechanismc | ||||||||||||
| Fellowships | 43,432 | 290 | 0 | 290 | 43,722 | 0.7 | 14.9 | 13.6 | 0.0 | 15.0 | 0.2 | |
| Traineeships | 10,514 | 85 | 0 | 85 | 10,599 | 0.8 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 4.4 | 0.8 | |
| Research assistants | 116,377 | 427 | 0 | 427 | 116,804 | 0.4 | 39.8 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 22.1 | -17.7 | |
| Teaching assistants | 88,689 | 365 | 0 | 365 | 89,054 | 0.4 | 30.4 | 17.1 | 0.0 | 18.9 | -11.5 | |
| Other (not including self-support) | 33,153 | 968 | -204 | 764 | 33,917 | 2.3 | 11.3 | 45.3 | 100.0 | 39.6 | 28.2 | |
| Field | ||||||||||||
| Science | 417,251 | 17,048 | -7,244 | 9,804 | 427,055 | 2.3 | 65.9 | 0.8 | 75.3 | 66.3 | 0.4 | |
| Agricultural sciences | 16,429 | 519 | 0 | 519 | 16,948 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.0 | |
| Biological sciences | 76,649 | 2,412 | 0 | 2,412 | 79,061 | 3.1 | 12.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 12.3 | 0.2 | |
| Communication | 11,114 | 661 | -20 | 641 | 11,755 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 0.1 | |
| Computer sciences | 56,339 | 6,226 | -214 | 6,012 | 62,351 | 10.7 | 8.9 | 0.3 | 2.2 | 9.7 | 0.8 | |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 15,816 | 278 | 0 | 278 | 16,094 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.0 | |
| Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | 4,014 | 54 | 0 | 54 | 4,068 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.0 | |
| Mathematical sciences | 24,804 | 378 | 0 | 378 | 25,182 | 1.5 | 3.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.9 | 0.0 | |
| Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies | 5,892 | 675 | 0 | 675 | 6,567 | 11.5 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 | |
| Neuroscience | 4,795 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4,795 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | |
| Physical sciences | 40,019 | 136 | 0 | 136 | 40,155 | 0.3 | 6.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.2 | -0.1 | |
| Psychology | 54,102 | 2,554 | -4,949 | -2,395 | 51,707 | -4.4 | 8.5 | 0.1 | 51.5 | 8.0 | -0.5 | |
| Social sciences | 107,278 | 3,155 | -2,061 | 1,094 | 108,372 | 1.0 | 16.9 | 0.2 | 21.4 | 16.8 | -0.1 | |
| Engineering | 153,049 | 1,033 | 0 | 1,033 | 154,082 | 0.7 | 24.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 23.9 | -0.3 | |
| Health | 62,710 | 2,691 | -2,375 | 316 | 63,026 | 0.5 | 9.9 | 0.1 | 24.7 | 9.8 | -0.1 | |
| Institution status | ||||||||||||
| Core institutions | 633,010 | - | -9,619 | -9,619 | 623,391 | -1.5 | 100.0 | - | 100.0 | 96.8 | -3.2 | |
| New frame institutions | - | 20,772 | - | 20,772 | 20,772 | - | - | 100.0 | - | 3.2 | 3.2 | |
| Institutional control | ||||||||||||
| Public | 446,818 | 10,035 | 0 | 10,035 | 456,853 | 2.2 | 70.6 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 70.9 | 0.3 | |
| Private, nonprofit | 176,573 | 10,737 | 0 | 10,737 | 187,310 | 6.1 | 27.9 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 29.1 | 1.2 | |
| Private, for-profit | 9,619 | 0 | -9,619 | -9,619 | 0 | -100.0 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | -1.5 | |
Compared to students at core institutions, larger proportions of students at new frame institutions are enrolled part time; are women or underrepresented minorities; and self-fund their graduate education. In addition, larger proportions of students at new frame institutions enrolled in computer science and multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies than those at core institutions; a smaller proportion of students in new frame institutions enrolled in engineering.
Larger proportions of graduate students in the for-profit institutions were black or African American, women, U.S. citizens or permanent residents, and studying psychology. The inclusion of the new frame institutions and the removal of the for-profit institutions will lead to small overall changes in the number or proportion of black or African American and female students. Specifically, there will be a net decline in the number (-279) and proportion (0.2 percentage points) of black or African American graduate students. Overall, these changes will also lead to a net decrease in graduate students in psychology, combined (-3,165); preventative medicine and community health (-707); clinical psychology (-438); and political science and public administration (-222) and to an increase in graduate students studying computer sciences (6,012); psychology, except clinical (1,208); and multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies (675) (table 10).
|
- = no value possible. nec = not elsewhere classified. a Percentage point (PP) change is the percent distribution of all institutions minus the percent distribution of core institutions. The PP change (rather than the percent change) describes the impact of adding the new frame institutions on the current distribution. NOTES: This table only includes the fields that are impacted by adding units from new frame institutions and removing units from private, for-profit institutions. Thus, not all numbers and percentages sum to total. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 2013. |
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| Count | Percent distribution | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Field | Core institutions |
New frame institutions |
For-profit institutions |
Net change |
All institutions |
Percent change |
Core institutions |
New frame institutions |
For-profit institutions |
All institutions |
Percentage point changea |
|
| All graduate students | 633,010 | 20,772 | -9,619 | 11,153 | 644,163 | 1.8 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | - | |
| Science | 417,251 | 17,048 | -7,244 | 9,804 | 427,055 | 2.3 | 65.9 | 82.1 | 75.3 | 66.3 | 0.4 | |
| Agricultural sciences | 16,429 | 519 | 0 | 519 | 16,948 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.0 | |
| Biological sciences | 76,649 | 2,412 | 0 | 2,412 | 79,061 | 3.1 | 12.1 | 11.6 | 0.0 | 12.3 | 0.2 | |
| Anatomy | 527 | 16 | 0 | 16 | 543 | 3.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | |
| Biology | 16,004 | 594 | 0 | 594 | 16,598 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.1 | |
| Biometry and epidemiology | 8,478 | 58 | 0 | 58 | 8,536 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | |
| Cell and molecular biology | 6,543 | 64 | 0 | 64 | 6,607 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | |
| Ecology | 1,437 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1,439 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |
| Genetics | 2,315 | 30 | 0 | 30 | 2,345 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | |
| Microbiology, immunology, and virology | 4,961 | 17 | 0 | 17 | 4,978 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | |
| Nutrition | 5,387 | 306 | 0 | 306 | 5,693 | 5.7 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.0 | |
| Physiology | 3,224 | 129 | 0 | 129 | 3,353 | 4.0 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |
| Zoology | 1,188 | 48 | 0 | 48 | 1,236 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |
| Biological sciences nec | 13,416 | 1,148 | 0 | 1,148 | 14,564 | 8.6 | 2.1 | 5.5 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 0.1 | |
| Communication | 11,094 | 661 | -20 | 641 | 11,735 | 5.8 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 0.1 | |
| Computer sciences | 56,125 | 6,226 | -214 | 6,012 | 62,137 | 10.7 | 8.9 | 30.0 | 2.2 | 9.6 | 0.8 | |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences | 15,816 | 278 | 0 | 278 | 16,094 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.0 | |
| Atmospheric sciences | 1,534 | 11 | 0 | 11 | 1,545 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |
| Ocean sciences | 2,682 | 126 | 0 | 126 | 2,808 | 4.7 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | |
| Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences nec | 2,846 | 141 | 0 | 141 | 2,987 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |
| Family and consumer sciences and human sciences | 4,014 | 54 | 0 | 54 | 4,068 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.0 | |
| Mathematics and statistics | 24,804 | 378 | 0 | 378 | 25,182 | 1.5 | 3.9 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 3.9 | 0.0 | |
| Mathematics and applied mathematics | 18,323 | 275 | 0 | 275 | 18,598 | 1.5 | 2.9 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 0.0 | |
| Statistics | 6,481 | 103 | 0 | 103 | 6,584 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | |
| Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies | 5,892 | 675 | 0 | 675 | 6,567 | 11.5 | 0.9 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 | |
| Physical sciences | 40,019 | 136 | 0 | 136 | 40,155 | 0.3 | 6.3 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 6.2 | -0.1 | |
| Chemistry | 22,949 | 37 | 0 | 37 | 22,986 | 0.2 | 3.6 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 3.6 | -0.1 | |
| Physics | 15,239 | 73 | 0 | 73 | 15,312 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 2.4 | 0.0 | |
| Physical sciences nec | 581 | 26 | 0 | 26 | 607 | 4.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | |
| Psychology | 54,102 | 2,554 | -4,949 | -2,395 | 51,707 | -4.4 | 8.5 | 12.3 | 51.5 | 8.0 | -0.5 | |
| Clinical psychology | 9,136 | 335 | -773 | -438 | 8,698 | -4.8 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 8.0 | 1.4 | -0.1 | |
| Psychology, combined | 12,439 | 356 | -3,521 | -3,165 | 9,274 | -25.4 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 36.6 | 1.4 | -0.5 | |
| Psychology, except clinical | 27,578 | 1,863 | -655 | 1,208 | 28,786 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 4.5 | 0.1 | |
| Social sciences | 107,278 | 17,048 | -2,061 | 9,804 | 427,055 | 2.3 | 65.9 | 82.1 | 75.3 | 66.3 | 0.4 | |
| Anthropology (cultural and social) | 8,172 | 32 | 0 | 32 | 8,204 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | |
| Economics | 14,819 | 125 | 0 | 125 | 14,944 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 0.0 | |
| Geography | 4,891 | 28 | 0 | 28 | 4,919 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | |
| History and philosophy of science | 391 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 394 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | |
| Political science and public administration | 46,350 | 1,839 | -2,061 | -222 | 46,128 | -0.5 | 7.3 | 8.9 | 21.4 | 7.2 | -0.2 | |
| Sociology | 8,960 | 78 | 0 | 78 | 9,038 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | |
| Social sciences nec | 15,981 | 1,050 | 0 | 1,050 | 17,031 | 6.6 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.1 | |
| Engineering | 153,049 | 1,033 | 0 | 1,033 | 154,082 | 0.7 | 24.2 | 5.0 | 0.0 | 23.9 | -0.3 | |
| Agricultural engineering | 1,642 | 22 | 0 | 22 | 1,664 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | |
| Civil engineering | 20,110 | 84 | 0 | 84 | 20,194 | 0.4 | 3.2 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 0.0 | |
| Electrical engineering | 45,562 | 709 | 0 | 709 | 46,271 | 1.6 | 7.2 | 3.4 | 0.0 | 7.2 | 0.0 | |
| Industrial and manufacturing engineering | 14,363 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 14,369 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | |
| Mechanical engineering | 24,087 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 24,187 | 0.4 | 3.8 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 3.8 | -0.1 | |
| Metallurgical and materials engineering | 7,144 | 52 | 0 | 52 | 7,196 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | |
| Engineering science and engineering physics | 2,142 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 2,152 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | |
| Engineering nec | 8,321 | 50 | 0 | 50 | 8,371 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | |
| Health | 62,710 | 2,691 | -2,375 | 316 | 63,026 | 0.5 | 9.9 | 13.0 | 24.7 | 9.8 | -0.1 | |
| Nursing | 4,969 | 105 | 0 | 105 | 5,074 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | |
| Pharmaceutical sciences | 4,137 | 100 | 0 | 100 | 4,237 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | |
| Preventive medicine and community health | 21,534 | 1,668 | -2,375 | -707 | 20,827 | -3.3 | 3.4 | 8.0 | 24.7 | 3.2 | -0.2 | |
| Radiology | 201 | 32 | 0 | 32 | 233 | 15.9 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Speech pathology and audiology | 14,113 | 371 | 0 | 371 | 14,484 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | |
| Other clinical medicine nec | 1,979 | 59 | 0 | 59 | 2,038 | 3.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | |
| Other health nec | 9,296 | 356 | 0 | 356 | 9,652 | 3.8 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 0.0 | |
Impacts of the frame change on postdoc or NFR data are minimal because the new frame institutions employed much smaller numbers of postdocs and NFRs than the core institutions.
Including new frame institutions and excluding previously eligible for-profit institutions will lead to changes in the GSS trend data. However, these changes will improve the survey coverage of the eligible graduate students and better highlight the evolving landscape of U.S. postsecondary institutions offering research-based SEH graduate programs.