Table 46. Employment sector of doctorate recipients with definite postgraduation commitments for employment in the United States, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1995–2015
| Employment commitment and sector |
Total |
Life sciencesa |
Physical sciences and earth sciences |
Mathematics and computer sciences |
Psychology and social sciences |
Engineering |
Education |
Humanities and arts |
Otherb |
| All U.S. employment commitments (number) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
15,303 |
1,456 |
836 |
830 |
2,773 |
1,890 |
3,913 |
2,290 |
1,315 |
| 2000 |
17,248 |
1,948 |
1,095 |
938 |
3,175 |
2,336 |
3,907 |
2,619 |
1,230 |
| 2005 |
15,658 |
1,713 |
879 |
906 |
2,785 |
2,129 |
3,550 |
2,408 |
1,288 |
| 2010 |
14,706 |
1,813 |
793 |
1,061 |
2,740 |
2,070 |
2,839 |
2,059 |
1,331 |
| 2015 |
15,160 |
2,022 |
1,030 |
1,362 |
2,690 |
2,763 |
2,245 |
1,758 |
1,290 |
| Academe (%)c |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
52.4 |
51.4 |
28.3 |
55.3 |
53.8 |
19.1 |
48.3 |
79.8 |
76.7 |
| 2000 |
48.6 |
46.0 |
21.9 |
47.5 |
52.0 |
14.8 |
47.9 |
78.0 |
73.0 |
| 2005 |
54.3 |
53.2 |
26.2 |
54.6 |
62.0 |
18.5 |
50.2 |
82.5 |
76.2 |
| 2010 |
52.6 |
48.9 |
28.5 |
40.8 |
60.2 |
16.9 |
53.4 |
80.6 |
76.0 |
| 2015 |
48.5 |
45.5 |
23.9 |
32.4 |
59.6 |
14.4 |
59.4 |
78.7 |
79.8 |
| Government (%)c |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
8.1 |
14.2 |
12.9 |
4.2 |
12.4 |
10.9 |
6.0 |
1.7 |
5.3 |
| 2000 |
7.4 |
13.7 |
9.3 |
3.8 |
11.4 |
9.0 |
4.6 |
1.9 |
5.4 |
| 2005 |
6.9 |
12.7 |
9.3 |
4.0 |
10.0 |
9.3 |
4.1 |
2.3 |
5.3 |
| 2010 |
8.9 |
14.3 |
14.4 |
6.7 |
13.9 |
12.9 |
3.5 |
2.1 |
5.6 |
| 2015 |
7.1 |
9.8 |
6.4 |
4.6 |
11.6 |
9.7 |
3.6 |
2.1 |
4.3 |
| Industry or business (%)c,d |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
21.7 |
24.5 |
53.2 |
37.3 |
16.3 |
66.1 |
6.0 |
5.1 |
12.1 |
| 2000 |
26.0 |
28.9 |
63.8 |
44.0 |
17.4 |
72.9 |
5.7 |
6.4 |
14.0 |
| 2005 |
22.8 |
25.3 |
59.5 |
38.3 |
14.2 |
68.7 |
4.1 |
4.3 |
12.3 |
| 2010 |
23.3 |
25.0 |
50.9 |
46.7 |
13.5 |
64.3 |
4.5 |
5.0 |
10.0 |
| 2015 |
32.4 |
33.1 |
64.8 |
59.0 |
16.2 |
72.1 |
4.5 |
5.7 |
11.2 |
| Nonprofit organization (%)c |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
6.3 |
7.3 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
11.4 |
2.2 |
5.1 |
9.1 |
4.3 |
| 2000 |
5.9 |
6.9 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
11.4 |
1.8 |
4.6 |
7.6 |
4.9 |
| 2005 |
5.3 |
7.1 |
3.1 |
1.9 |
8.8 |
2.3 |
4.3 |
6.8 |
4.1 |
| 2010 |
5.2 |
8.4 |
3.0 |
2.3 |
7.0 |
3.1 |
4.5 |
6.2 |
4.2 |
| 2015 |
6.1 |
9.4 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
9.1 |
3.1 |
5.8 |
8.8 |
3.6 |
| Other or unknown (%)c,e |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
11.4 |
2.6 |
3.2 |
1.0 |
6.1 |
1.6 |
34.6 |
4.3 |
1.7 |
| 2000 |
12.0 |
4.6 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
7.7 |
1.5 |
37.2 |
6.2 |
2.8 |
| 2005 |
10.7 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
1.2 |
5.0 |
1.2 |
37.3 |
4.2 |
2.2 |
| 2010 |
10.0 |
3.4 |
3.2 |
3.5 |
5.3 |
2.8 |
34.1 |
6.1 |
4.2 |
| 2015 |
5.8 |
2.2 |
1.9 |
1.2 |
3.4 |
0.6 |
26.6 |
4.7 |
1.1 |