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Table 53. Doctorate recipients with temporary visas intending to stay in the United States after doctorate receipt, by country of citizenship: 2010–16

Country of citizenship Total, 2010–16 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Number % staying Number % staying Number % staying Number % staying Number % staying Number % staying Number % staying Number % staying
All temporary visa holders 106,800 70.7 13,636 69.1 14,235 70.1 14,784 70.7 15,674 70.1 15,841 71.1 16,132 71.3 16,498 72.4
Africa 4,121 66.3 477 62.9 511 64.2 572 66.3 610 65.2 648 66.8 649 66.4 654 70.6
Egypt 835 64.1 73 65.8 114 57.9 126 64.3 140 61.4 135 70.4 129 62.8 118 66.1
Ghana 465 69.2 65 64.6 55 70.9 55 67.3 58 70.7 62 77.4 83 65.1 87 70.1
Kenya 480 70.0 68 72.1 77 75.3 66 68.2 79 68.4 72 70.8 57 68.4 61 65.6
Nigeria 515 81.4 51 74.5 51 84.3 67 77.6 65 87.7 87 82.8 83 75.9 111 84.7
Other 1,826 61.3 220 55.9 214 57.0 258 63.6 268 59.7 292 57.2 297 65.3 277 68.2
Americas 10,379 56.3 1,453 55.9 1,449 57.3 1,471 56.0 1,482 56.3 1,542 55.6 1,481 55.7 1,501 57.6
Argentina 572 58.6 102 57.8 110 62.7 85 58.8 81 49.4 67 64.2 64 53.1 63 63.5
Brazil 1,062 48.6 162 47.5 151 41.7 163 46.6 142 46.5 139 50.4 150 50.7 155 56.8
Canada 3,181 56.3 469 56.3 455 55.8 423 58.4 485 55.5 488 55.1 454 56.6 407 56.5
Chile 627 38.6 56 42.9 80 47.5 85 50.6 74 36.5 99 35.4 103 32.0 130 32.3
Colombia 1,221 58.7 132 60.6 163 57.1 161 53.4 179 53.1 216 56.9 183 68.3 187 61.5
Mexico 1,385 56.2 201 46.8 185 56.8 213 59.2 177 61.6 193 54.9 194 53.1 222 61.3
Venezuela 247 78.1 46 60.9 37 91.9 28 67.9 40 82.5 40 82.5 29 75.9 27 88.9
Other 2,084 61.2 285 65.3 268 64.9 313 56.5 304 64.1 300 59.7 304 57.6 310 61.0
Asia 71,789 75.6 9,008 74.3 9,568 74.5 9,978 74.8 10,560 75.0 10,754 75.9 10,886 76.0 11,035 78.1
Bangladesh 812 84.7 63 71.4 77 83.1 86 88.4 107 78.5 140 83.6 154 87.7 185 90.3
Chinaa 32,641 81.7 3,744 82.1 3,988 82.1 4,222 82.6 4,796 82.0 4,983 81.3 5,374 81.1 5,534 80.9
India 15,507 85.1 2,142 83.3 2,165 84.6 2,248 85.7 2,204 84.3 2,316 86.2 2,229 84.6 2,203 87.2
Indonesia 472 45.6 61 52.5 66 48.5 51 51.0 71 49.3 78 38.5 53 37.7 92 43.5
Japan 1,440 47.5 236 47.5 244 50.8 240 45.0 217 47.5 173 48.6 164 39.6 166 53.0
Nepal 992 87.3 73 84.9 100 86.0 94 86.2 150 90.0 172 84.9 177 88.1 226 88.5
Pakistan 699 48.6 58 60.3 91 46.2 99 42.4 98 49.0 127 47.2 124 54.0 102 45.1
Philippines 466 71.0 71 71.8 69 71.0 73 74.0 92 66.3 70 67.1 40 75.0 51 76.5
Singapore 604 39.6 66 43.9 70 50.0 88 35.2 91 38.5 97 38.1 102 36.3 90 38.9
South Korea 9,427 61.6 1,381 62.1 1,445 60.0 1,472 60.6 1,383 59.1 1,284 60.7 1,234 62.9 1,228 66.8
Taiwan 4,636 67.4 650 58.5 693 65.5 719 65.2 699 67.4 668 68.6 614 70.4 593 77.9
Thailand 1,648 26.6 222 27.9 266 25.9 260 23.5 264 31.1 231 26.4 220 21.4 185 30.3
Vietnam 821 70.5 82 63.4 99 64.6 99 64.6 140 71.4 142 76.8 135 74.8 124 71.8
Other 1,624 66.2 159 71.7 195 71.3 227 65.6 248 61.7 273 65.9 266 62.4 256 68.0
Australia-Oceania 494 56.9 81 51.9 52 61.5 69 65.2 80 58.8 64 45.3 83 55.4 65 61.5
Australia 318 55.3 51 51.0 29 62.1 40 67.5 60 55.0 44 43.2 52 48.1 42 66.7
Other 176 59.7 30 53.3 23 60.9 29 62.1 20 70.0 20 50.0 31 67.7 23 52.2
Europe 13,170 63.0 1,963 61.5 1,962 64.3 1,930 65.3 1,904 62.3 1,802 63.4 1,832 61.4 1,777 62.7
Bulgaria 327 75.5 64 79.7 46 65.2 50 76.0 47 78.7 42 66.7 34 70.6 44 88.6
France 792 62.0 109 56.9 125 64.8 111 56.8 97 62.9 114 67.5 131 58.8 105 66.7
Germany 1,378 56.7 192 56.8 203 65.5 200 60.0 202 51.5 203 51.2 195 51.3 183 61.2
Greece 601 68.7 81 54.3 83 71.1 100 64.0 88 76.1 81 72.8 84 71.4 84 71.4
Italy 1,042 63.4 134 61.2 137 60.6 168 65.5 154 61.0 156 64.1 126 65.1 167 65.9
Romania 568 79.9 113 80.5 101 83.2 101 75.2 66 74.2 79 78.5 57 82.5 51 88.2
Russian Federation (former USSR) 815 72.9 128 75.8 120 72.5 125 69.6 110 71.8 106 72.6 118 78.0 108 69.4
Spain 570 62.6 82 62.2 101 62.4 66 66.7 82 65.9 68 60.3 98 60.2 73 61.6
Turkey 3,254 60.0 477 54.3 493 61.9 439 63.8 478 60.7 426 62.9 469 59.7 472 57.6
Ukraine 340 77.6 72 75.0 46 78.3 46 84.8 52 76.9 51 72.5 42 85.7 31 71.0
United Kingdom 720 60.3 101 61.4 103 54.4 91 72.5 113 56.6 97 70.1 100 55.0 115 54.8
Other 2,763 59.5 410 59.8 404 60.4 433 63.0 415 59.5 379 58.3 378 56.3 344 58.7
Middle East 6,072 64.5 528 59.5 600 61.3 699 65.4 865 65.2 938 65.9 1,132 67.0 1,310 63.8
Iran 2,848 89.1 147 85.0 198 88.9 287 88.5 409 86.8 483 89.2 629 89.7 695 91.1
Israel 608 58.4 104 56.7 90 57.8 83 61.4 81 60.5 81 61.7 86 59.3 83 51.8
Jordan 768 46.2 93 46.2 103 55.3 121 46.3 115 46.1 110 40.9 128 44.5 98 44.9
Lebanon 411 72.5 60 70.0 72 69.4 66 80.3 66 81.8 50 66.0 39 64.1 58 70.7
Saudi Arabia 696 13.1 40 17.5 49 14.3 57 14.0 73 11.0 105 17.1 134 14.2 238 10.1
Other 741 37.5 84 45.2 88 29.5 85 41.2 121 37.2 109 37.6 116 36.2 138 37.0
Country unknown 775 30.6 126 44.4 93 37.6 65 41.5 173 25.4 93 24.7 69 47.8 156 12.2
a Includes Hong Kong.
NOTE: Percentages based on all doctorate recipients on temporary visas who indicated where they intended to stay after graduation (United States versus foreign location), not just those with definite commitments for employment or postdoctoral study.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates.