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  • Dollar Conversion:
  • Current
  • Constant
State 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Trend
AK 5.8 6.0 7.1 8.1 8.8 9.3 9.5 9.4 9.2 9.3 6.7 7.1 8.5 8.8 9.3 9.1 9.2 10.3 10.8 10.8 10.7 10.7 5.80,6.00,7.10,8.10,8.80,9.30,9.50,9.40,9.20,9.30,6.70,7.10,8.50,8.80,9.30,9.10,9.20,10.30,10.80,10.80,10.70,10.70
AL 7.8 8.4 8.6 9.1 8.8 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.2 8.1 8.6 8.9 9.8 10.3 10.4 10.6 10.3 10.4 10.8 10.8 10.9 14.1 7.80,8.40,8.60,9.10,8.80,8.50,8.50,8.50,8.20,8.10,8.60,8.90,9.80,10.30,10.40,10.60,10.30,10.40,10.80,10.80,10.90,14.10
AR 4.2 4.4 5.1 5.9 6.0 6.3 6.0 5.5 6.2 5.8 5.6 5.9 5.6 6.2 6.7 6.8 7.3 7.0 7.2 7.5 6.4 6.6 4.20,4.40,5.10,5.90,6.00,6.30,6.00,5.50,6.20,5.80,5.60,5.90,5.60,6.20,6.70,6.80,7.30,7.00,7.20,7.50,6.40,6.60
AZ 10.5 10.8 11.2 10.9 10.6 10.1 9.9 9.9 10.0 10.2 8.7 9.1 9.4 9.2 8.8 8.6 8.8 9.4 9.5 9.5 10.0 10.8 10.50,10.80,11.20,10.90,10.60,10.10,9.90,9.90,10.00,10.20,8.70,9.10,9.40,9.20,8.80,8.60,8.80,9.40,9.50,9.50,10.00,10.80
CA 9.2 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.9 10.4 10.2 10.5 11.2 12.3 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.9 13.0 12.6 12.5 12.7 9.20,9.30,9.50,9.60,9.50,9.50,9.60,9.70,9.90,10.40,10.20,10.50,11.20,12.30,12.20,12.30,12.40,12.90,13.00,12.60,12.50,12.70
CO 12.4 13.8 14.8 15.1 15.0 15.2 15.4 15.4 15.8 15.7 13.1 13.4 14.2 15.5 14.7 13.5 13.8 14.5 14.4 15.4 15.5 16.5 12.40,13.80,14.80,15.10,15.00,15.20,15.40,15.40,15.80,15.70,13.10,13.40,14.20,15.50,14.70,13.50,13.80,14.50,14.40,15.40,15.50,16.50
CT 10.8 10.5 11.2 12.0 11.9 11.9 11.5 11.4 12.6 13.6 13.9 15.9 16.3 17.2 17.0 17.0 18.1 21.6 22.1 20.9 19.6 19.4 10.80,10.50,11.20,12.00,11.90,11.90,11.50,11.40,12.60,13.60,13.90,15.90,16.30,17.20,17.00,17.00,18.10,21.60,22.10,20.90,19.60,19.40
DC 65.4 66.1 73.6 76.7 79.0 77.7 76.0 74.7 71.8 76.0 70.3 72.7 75.8 75.3 82.6 84.3 93.2 89.4 86.5 82.0 78.0 79.6 65.40,66.10,73.60,76.70,79.00,77.70,76.00,74.70,71.80,76.00,70.30,72.70,75.80,75.30,82.60,84.30,93.20,89.40,86.50,82.00,78.00,79.60
DE 11.0 11.8 12.2 12.8 12.7 12.6 12.0 11.8 12.5 12.7 13.0 13.8 14.9 15.8 15.8 16.4 16.8 16.4 17.0 17.2 17.0 18.0 11.00,11.80,12.20,12.80,12.70,12.60,12.00,11.80,12.50,12.70,13.00,13.80,14.90,15.80,15.80,16.40,16.80,16.40,17.00,17.20,17.00,18.00
FL 5.5 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.2 6.7 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.9 7.4 7.9 8.4 8.9 8.9 8.8 8.8 9.3 9.4 9.9 10.1 10.1 5.50,5.90,6.40,6.90,7.20,6.70,7.10,7.10,7.20,7.90,7.40,7.90,8.40,8.90,8.90,8.80,8.80,9.30,9.40,9.90,10.10,10.10
GA 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.3 7.5 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.1 6.8 7.2 7.8 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.3 8.2 9.2 6.20,6.60,7.00,7.30,7.50,7.20,7.00,7.00,7.00,7.10,6.80,7.20,7.80,8.20,8.20,8.30,8.30,8.40,8.60,8.30,8.20,9.20
HI 8.1 8.6 8.5 9.2 10.0 10.0 10.3 9.9 10.2 10.1 8.3 8.6 9.8 10.5 11.2 10.9 10.8 10.6 10.9 11.0 10.9 11.1 8.10,8.60,8.50,9.20,10.00,10.00,10.30,9.90,10.20,10.10,8.30,8.60,9.80,10.50,11.20,10.90,10.80,10.60,10.90,11.00,10.90,11.10
IA 11.0 11.7 11.8 12.5 12.5 12.4 12.3 12.3 11.9 12.3 12.8 13.2 14.0 14.6 14.9 14.3 14.6 14.2 14.8 14.5 14.8 14.4 11.00,11.70,11.80,12.50,12.50,12.40,12.30,12.30,11.90,12.30,12.80,13.20,14.00,14.60,14.90,14.30,14.60,14.20,14.80,14.50,14.80,14.40
ID 8.8 8.8 9.1 9.9 10.2 9.8 9.0 9.5 9.7 9.5 7.7 9.1 9.8 11.3 10.8 10.9 9.6 8.8 9.0 9.3 9.5 9.7 8.80,8.80,9.10,9.90,10.20,9.80,9.00,9.50,9.70,9.50,7.70,9.10,9.80,11.30,10.80,10.90,9.60,8.80,9.00,9.30,9.50,9.70
IL 10.5 10.7 11.2 11.7 11.7 11.9 12.2 12.3 12.5 13.3 12.7 13.6 14.0 13.6 13.3 13.5 14.1 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.3 15.2 10.50,10.70,11.20,11.70,11.70,11.90,12.20,12.30,12.50,13.30,12.70,13.60,14.00,13.60,13.30,13.50,14.10,14.30,14.40,14.50,14.30,15.20
IN 9.1 9.5 10.2 10.5 10.5 10.4 10.1 9.7 9.5 9.8 9.6 10.4 10.9 11.0 11.3 11.9 12.0 12.1 12.3 12.7 14.0 14.5 9.10,9.50,10.20,10.50,10.50,10.40,10.10,9.70,9.50,9.80,9.60,10.40,10.90,11.00,11.30,11.90,12.00,12.10,12.30,12.70,14.00,14.50
KS 10.8 11.5 12.2 12.8 14.6 14.7 15.9 16.2 16.3 16.5 16.5 17.0 18.1 18.5 17.8 17.1 16.7 14.9 14.9 15.0 14.9 15.5 10.80,11.50,12.20,12.80,14.60,14.70,15.90,16.20,16.30,16.50,16.50,17.00,18.10,18.50,17.80,17.10,16.70,14.90,14.90,15.00,14.90,15.50
KY 5.4 5.7 6.3 6.2 6.6 6.8 6.6 6.3 6.3 7.0 6.0 7.2 7.9 8.2 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.0 7.2 7.2 7.3 8.0 5.40,5.70,6.30,6.20,6.60,6.80,6.60,6.30,6.30,7.00,6.00,7.20,7.90,8.20,8.10,8.30,8.50,8.00,7.20,7.20,7.30,8.00
LA 6.2 7.1 7.8 8.2 8.7 8.9 9.2 8.9 8.8 9.4 9.2 9.8 10.1 10.9 11.3 8.0 9.8 9.3 9.0 9.5 9.3 9.3 6.20,7.10,7.80,8.20,8.70,8.90,9.20,8.90,8.80,9.40,9.20,9.80,10.10,10.90,11.30,8.00,9.80,9.30,9.00,9.50,9.30,9.30
MA 17.5 18.2 18.7 18.8 19.3 19.1 19.0 19.0 20.0 21.2 21.1 22.3 24.7 25.5 26.3 27.2 28.1 29.4 29.3 30.0 30.1 30.5 17.50,18.20,18.70,18.80,19.30,19.10,19.00,19.00,20.00,21.20,21.10,22.30,24.70,25.50,26.30,27.20,28.10,29.40,29.30,30.00,30.10,30.50
MD 9.2 9.5 10.0 10.3 10.7 10.9 11.0 11.2 11.6 12.0 12.1 12.6 13.9 14.7 15.3 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.9 16.6 17.1 17.5 9.20,9.50,10.00,10.30,10.70,10.90,11.00,11.20,11.60,12.00,12.10,12.60,13.90,14.70,15.30,15.50,15.50,15.50,15.90,16.60,17.10,17.50
ME 3.3 3.6 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.1 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.7 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.1 5.2 3.30,3.60,4.20,4.20,4.20,4.10,3.80,3.40,3.50,3.40,3.80,4.00,4.20,4.50,4.60,4.70,4.70,5.30,5.40,5.30,5.10,5.20
MI 9.1 9.6 10.3 10.7 10.7 10.4 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.7 11.1 11.8 12.8 13.2 12.6 12.4 12.5 13.3 13.4 13.8 14.6 14.9 9.10,9.60,10.30,10.70,10.70,10.40,10.30,10.30,10.30,10.70,11.10,11.80,12.80,13.20,12.60,12.40,12.50,13.30,13.40,13.80,14.60,14.90
MN 7.9 8.7 9.1 9.5 9.2 9.2 9.4 9.6 10.3 11.0 10.0 10.0 10.9 11.0 13.5 16.2 18.1 18.6 19.5 20.5 19.6 18.4 7.90,8.70,9.10,9.50,9.20,9.20,9.40,9.60,10.30,11.00,10.00,10.00,10.90,11.00,13.50,16.20,18.10,18.60,19.50,20.50,19.60,18.40
MO 7.6 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.8 8.0 7.6 7.6 7.7 8.0 8.1 8.7 9.4 10.0 9.9 10.0 10.4 10.2 10.5 10.9 10.5 11.1 7.60,7.60,7.80,7.80,7.80,8.00,7.60,7.60,7.70,8.00,8.10,8.70,9.40,10.00,9.90,10.00,10.40,10.20,10.50,10.90,10.50,11.10
MS 6.1 6.3 6.5 6.9 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.0 7.7 6.5 6.9 7.0 7.5 7.2 8.0 8.5 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.4 8.8 8.8 6.10,6.30,6.50,6.90,7.30,7.30,7.20,7.00,7.70,6.50,6.90,7.00,7.50,7.20,8.00,8.50,8.10,8.20,8.20,8.40,8.80,8.80
MT 8.3 9.2 11.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.0 11.9 12.8 13.2 11.7 12.5 13.2 14.2 13.8 13.8 13.5 12.9 12.4 12.2 11.5 12.0 8.30,9.20,11.00,12.10,12.20,12.30,12.00,11.90,12.80,13.20,11.70,12.50,13.20,14.20,13.80,13.80,13.50,12.90,12.40,12.20,11.50,12.00
NC 7.4 7.6 8.2 8.2 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.7 9.0 8.3 8.8 9.4 9.7 9.9 10.2 10.4 11.0 11.2 11.7 11.8 12.7 7.40,7.60,8.20,8.20,8.60,8.50,8.60,8.60,8.70,9.00,8.30,8.80,9.40,9.70,9.90,10.20,10.40,11.00,11.20,11.70,11.80,12.70
ND 8.0 8.8 9.7 9.9 10.3 10.2 10.2 10.0 11.8 13.4 13.8 14.5 15.1 21.0 20.3 20.4 18.0 17.2 18.2 20.8 18.3 19.9 8.00,8.80,9.70,9.90,10.30,10.20,10.20,10.00,11.80,13.40,13.80,14.50,15.10,21.00,20.30,20.40,18.00,17.20,18.20,20.80,18.30,19.90
NE 8.5 9.8 11.0 11.9 12.0 11.6 11.5 10.9 10.7 11.5 11.0 11.0 12.0 12.6 12.8 12.7 13.0 12.5 12.8 13.6 13.7 14.4 8.50,9.80,11.00,11.90,12.00,11.60,11.50,10.90,10.70,11.50,11.00,11.00,12.00,12.60,12.80,12.70,13.00,12.50,12.80,13.60,13.70,14.40
NH 5.4 5.7 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.5 6.4 6.3 7.4 8.4 8.5 9.4 9.6 9.6 9.9 9.9 10.4 10.2 10.8 10.9 10.9 5.40,5.70,6.10,6.00,5.90,5.90,6.50,6.40,6.30,7.40,8.40,8.50,9.40,9.60,9.60,9.90,9.90,10.40,10.20,10.80,10.90,10.90
NJ 8.1 8.2 8.5 8.7 8.6 8.9 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.6 9.4 9.7 10.1 10.5 10.9 11.1 11.5 11.5 11.8 12.3 11.4 11.3 8.10,8.20,8.50,8.70,8.60,8.90,9.00,9.00,9.10,9.60,9.40,9.70,10.10,10.50,10.90,11.10,11.50,11.50,11.80,12.30,11.40,11.30
NM 11.1 11.8 13.6 14.8 14.4 14.5 13.8 13.4 13.7 14.0 13.3 14.3 14.6 16.1 16.0 15.5 14.8 15.1 14.6 14.5 14.6 14.8 11.10,11.80,13.60,14.80,14.40,14.50,13.80,13.40,13.70,14.00,13.30,14.30,14.60,16.10,16.00,15.50,14.80,15.10,14.60,14.50,14.60,14.80
NV 4.6 5.0 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.6 4.6 5.0 5.2 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.8 6.2 5.5 5.5 5.5 4.60,5.00,5.60,5.80,6.00,6.10,5.70,5.80,5.80,5.60,4.60,5.00,5.20,5.70,5.70,5.60,5.60,5.80,6.20,5.50,5.50,5.50
NY 12.8 13.2 14.0 14.0 13.6 13.3 13.6 13.8 14.3 15.2 13.7 14.4 15.0 15.7 15.9 16.4 17.2 17.8 17.9 17.8 18.1 18.2 12.80,13.20,14.00,14.00,13.60,13.30,13.60,13.80,14.30,15.20,13.70,14.40,15.00,15.70,15.90,16.40,17.20,17.80,17.90,17.80,18.10,18.20
OH 9.9 10.6 10.8 11.3 11.4 11.4 10.9 10.6 10.4 10.6 10.6 11.1 11.7 12.4 12.7 13.3 12.8 13.4 13.3 13.9 14.1 14.4 9.90,10.60,10.80,11.30,11.40,11.40,10.90,10.60,10.40,10.60,10.60,11.10,11.70,12.40,12.70,13.30,12.80,13.40,13.30,13.90,14.10,14.40
OK 7.7 8.3 9.1 9.2 9.0 9.0 8.9 8.7 9.0 8.9 7.7 9.3 10.0 10.2 9.7 9.4 8.8 9.7 9.9 10.2 11.1 11.8 7.70,8.30,9.10,9.20,9.00,9.00,8.90,8.70,9.00,8.90,7.70,9.30,10.00,10.20,9.70,9.40,8.80,9.70,9.90,10.20,11.10,11.80
OR 8.1 8.8 9.3 9.6 9.7 9.5 9.0 8.8 8.4 8.8 8.1 8.4 9.0 9.1 8.5 9.1 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.1 9.3 9.5 8.10,8.80,9.30,9.60,9.70,9.50,9.00,8.80,8.40,8.80,8.10,8.40,9.00,9.10,8.50,9.10,9.00,9.00,9.10,9.10,9.30,9.50
PA 9.5 10.3 10.9 11.1 11.4 11.3 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.6 11.8 12.3 13.2 13.9 14.2 13.8 13.8 14.1 14.1 14.4 14.7 14.8 9.50,10.30,10.90,11.10,11.40,11.30,11.20,11.20,11.30,11.60,11.80,12.30,13.20,13.90,14.20,13.80,13.80,14.10,14.10,14.40,14.70,14.80
PR NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5.5 5.7 NA NA NA 6.7 6.5 NA NA NA 5.8 5.9 5.50,5.70,6.70,6.50,5.80,5.90
RI 11.2 11.4 12.4 12.4 12.1 11.9 10.5 10.0 10.3 11.4 12.2 12.0 13.0 13.8 14.4 15.0 14.6 15.5 15.9 16.8 17.9 18.4 11.20,11.40,12.40,12.40,12.10,11.90,10.50,10.00,10.30,11.40,12.20,12.00,13.00,13.80,14.40,15.00,14.60,15.50,15.90,16.80,17.90,18.40
SC 5.4 5.9 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.3 6.2 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0 5.6 5.7 6.0 6.4 7.0 5.40,5.90,6.60,6.70,6.60,6.60,6.30,6.20,5.90,5.90,5.70,5.90,6.00,6.20,6.10,6.00,6.00,5.60,5.70,6.00,6.40,7.00
SD 7.6 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.2 9.7 9.8 9.4 9.5 9.2 9.6 11.0 11.5 11.2 11.0 10.1 9.9 9.2 9.6 14.1 13.8 11.7 7.60,9.10,9.30,9.50,9.20,9.70,9.80,9.40,9.50,9.20,9.60,11.00,11.50,11.20,11.00,10.10,9.90,9.20,9.60,14.10,13.80,11.70
TN 7.3 7.4 7.8 8.1 8.5 8.1 7.6 7.7 7.5 7.4 6.6 7.2 7.7 8.4 8.0 8.2 7.8 7.6 7.6 7.8 8.2 8.5 7.30,7.40,7.80,8.10,8.50,8.10,7.60,7.70,7.50,7.40,6.60,7.20,7.70,8.40,8.00,8.20,7.80,7.60,7.60,7.80,8.20,8.50
TX 8.4 9.0 9.9 10.0 9.5 9.1 9.1 9.4 9.4 9.8 8.8 8.9 9.7 10.1 10.0 9.9 9.8 10.2 10.4 10.6 11.0 11.5 8.40,9.00,9.90,10.00,9.50,9.10,9.10,9.40,9.40,9.80,8.80,8.90,9.70,10.10,10.00,9.90,9.80,10.20,10.40,10.60,11.00,11.50
US 9.2 9.6 10.1 10.4 10.4 10.3 10.3 10.2 10.4 10.8 10.3 10.8 11.5 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.3 12.5 12.6 12.8 12.9 13.3 9.20,9.60,10.10,10.40,10.40,10.30,10.30,10.20,10.40,10.80,10.30,10.80,11.50,12.00,12.00,12.10,12.30,12.50,12.60,12.80,12.90,13.30
UT 12.2 13.4 14.1 14.5 14.8 14.9 14.1 13.3 12.8 12.9 11.7 12.1 12.6 13.3 12.1 12.9 12.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.3 12.8 12.20,13.40,14.10,14.50,14.80,14.90,14.10,13.30,12.80,12.90,11.70,12.10,12.60,13.30,12.10,12.90,12.80,11.60,11.40,11.20,11.30,12.80
VA 8.9 9.0 9.4 10.0 10.0 10.7 10.5 10.4 10.5 10.9 11.2 12.0 12.6 12.8 12.3 12.3 12.7 13.6 13.5 13.6 13.8 14.3 8.90,9.00,9.40,10.00,10.00,10.70,10.50,10.40,10.50,10.90,11.20,12.00,12.60,12.80,12.30,12.30,12.70,13.60,13.50,13.60,13.80,14.30
VT 6.8 7.1 7.6 7.6 8.0 8.4 6.8 6.6 7.2 7.3 8.4 8.3 8.4 8.8 9.0 9.6 9.1 9.4 8.4 9.5 9.4 9.7 6.80,7.10,7.60,7.60,8.00,8.40,6.80,6.60,7.20,7.30,8.40,8.30,8.40,8.80,9.00,9.60,9.10,9.40,8.40,9.50,9.40,9.70
WA 6.8 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.0 7.0 7.3 8.0 7.8 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.1 8.2 8.4 9.1 6.80,7.10,7.10,7.10,7.40,7.40,7.20,7.10,7.20,7.30,7.00,7.00,7.30,8.00,7.80,7.80,7.60,7.40,7.10,8.20,8.40,9.10
WI 10.0 10.6 11.0 11.2 11.1 10.8 10.3 10.5 10.4 10.6 11.1 11.4 12.0 12.6 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.1 11.9 12.4 12.3 12.6 10.00,10.60,11.00,11.20,11.10,10.80,10.30,10.50,10.40,10.60,11.10,11.40,12.00,12.60,12.80,12.60,12.50,12.10,11.90,12.40,12.30,12.60
WV 6.7 7.3 8.2 8.9 8.8 8.6 8.4 8.6 9.4 9.3 8.9 9.1 10.5 10.7 10.3 10.1 9.8 10.5 10.2 10.3 10.1 9.5 6.70,7.30,8.20,8.90,8.80,8.60,8.40,8.60,9.40,9.30,8.90,9.10,10.50,10.70,10.30,10.10,9.80,10.50,10.20,10.30,10.10,9.50
WY 9.9 11.8 12.7 14.0 14.6 14.1 13.6 15.6 14.8 14.4 12.7 13.0 13.8 14.6 14.0 14.2 12.6 12.2 11.6 12.0 12.8 13.6 9.90,11.80,12.70,14.00,14.60,14.10,13.60,15.60,14.80,14.40,12.70,13.00,13.80,14.60,14.00,14.20,12.60,12.20,11.60,12.00,12.80,13.60
NA = not available

NOTE: S&E graduate students include students pursuing graduate degrees in physical, computer, agricultural, biological, earth, atmospheric, ocean, and social sciences; psychology; mathematics; and engineering.

SOURCES: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering; Census Bureau, 2000 and 2010 Decennial Censuses and Population Estimates Program (various years).
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