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  • Dollar Conversion:
  • Current
  • Constant
State 1993 1995 1997 2001 2003 2006 2008 2010 Trend
AK 7.3 13.3 13.6 18.3 28.2 16.4 17.5 27.1 7.30,13.30,13.60,18.30,28.20,16.40,17.50,27.10
AL 42.0 36.9 42.9 50.6 51.4 52.4 59.3 54.1 42.00,36.90,42.90,50.60,51.40,52.40,59.30,54.10
AR 32.2 29.5 29.6 23.5 26.4 37.9 50.0 43.4 32.20,29.50,29.60,23.50,26.40,37.90,50.00,43.40
AZ 77.4 72.2 72.5 55.2 55.6 61.2 59.8 63.0 77.40,72.20,72.50,55.20,55.60,61.20,59.80,63.00
CA 57.0 58.2 47.5 45.3 43.5 49.9 50.2 44.9 57.00,58.20,47.50,45.30,43.50,49.90,50.20,44.90
CO 62.0 58.1 56.4 43.3 45.5 41.7 45.0 41.3 62.00,58.10,56.40,43.30,45.50,41.70,45.00,41.30
CT 51.2 52.8 45.0 38.9 41.0 44.0 45.2 41.6 51.20,52.80,45.00,38.90,41.00,44.00,45.20,41.60
DC 23.9 20.8 26.9 21.5 25.0 27.3 26.9 17.7 23.90,20.80,26.90,21.50,25.00,27.30,26.90,17.70
DE 33.7 27.8 31.6 30.9 28.0 43.5 38.8 48.3 33.70,27.80,31.60,30.90,28.00,43.50,38.80,48.30
FL 57.9 53.7 57.7 53.4 58.9 68.8 74.6 67.4 57.90,53.70,57.70,53.40,58.90,68.80,74.60,67.40
GA 51.5 51.1 52.4 50.6 51.8 63.0 68.8 57.0 51.50,51.10,52.40,50.60,51.80,63.00,68.80,57.00
HI 51.7 56.1 55.6 54.2 35.0 39.3 47.5 40.7 51.70,56.10,55.60,54.20,35.00,39.30,47.50,40.70
IA 103.7 96.7 87.1 73.2 58.3 76.1 81.2 76.1 103.70,96.70,87.10,73.20,58.30,76.10,81.20,76.10
ID 23.7 35.3 29.0 22.7 27.6 25.7 27.9 22.5 23.70,35.30,29.00,22.70,27.60,25.70,27.90,22.50
IL 75.7 74.9 70.4 69.1 61.3 66.5 69.8 60.0 75.70,74.90,70.40,69.10,61.30,66.50,69.80,60.00
IN 82.5 79.1 83.9 64.7 64.8 70.7 73.3 75.0 82.50,79.10,83.90,64.70,64.80,70.70,73.30,75.00
KS 59.4 64.9 64.7 59.0 59.5 57.4 55.8 64.8 59.40,64.90,64.70,59.00,59.50,57.40,55.80,64.80
KY 40.0 46.1 47.3 37.8 40.6 50.8 58.5 51.6 40.00,46.10,47.30,37.80,40.60,50.80,58.50,51.60
LA 43.1 56.4 56.9 59.8 48.7 52.5 64.0 71.1 43.10,56.40,56.90,59.80,48.70,52.50,64.00,71.10
MA 69.3 64.0 63.9 49.3 44.5 52.1 54.0 48.5 69.30,64.00,63.90,49.30,44.50,52.10,54.00,48.50
MD 30.5 27.6 29.5 26.6 22.8 30.2 29.9 27.4 30.50,27.60,29.50,26.60,22.80,30.20,29.90,27.40
ME 16.1 14.0 20.0 15.0 15.7 11.3 18.7 15.0 16.10,14.00,20.00,15.00,15.70,11.30,18.70,15.00
MI 75.2 66.4 63.0 49.9 55.1 59.2 65.8 64.1 75.20,66.40,63.00,49.90,55.10,59.20,65.80,64.10
MN 46.3 52.9 51.4 46.6 42.7 59.7 58.7 52.0 46.30,52.90,51.40,46.60,42.70,59.70,58.70,52.00
MO 45.3 50.8 45.3 44.3 52.3 55.1 52.1 46.3 45.30,50.80,45.30,44.30,52.30,55.10,52.10,46.30
MS 43.7 56.1 46.3 35.9 41.9 43.0 47.3 60.6 43.70,56.10,46.30,35.90,41.90,43.00,47.30,60.60
MT 30.7 28.8 33.5 27.9 30.6 33.0 38.1 29.2 30.70,28.80,33.50,27.90,30.60,33.00,38.10,29.20
NC 50.2 51.6 49.5 39.6 39.1 42.6 46.0 47.9 50.20,51.60,49.50,39.60,39.10,42.60,46.00,47.90
ND 41.7 36.4 37.9 39.1 58.2 32.1 56.9 46.0 41.70,36.40,37.90,39.10,58.20,32.10,56.90,46.00
NE 50.4 47.6 49.3 45.2 58.6 45.3 56.8 61.6 50.40,47.60,49.30,45.20,58.60,45.30,56.80,61.60
NH 56.5 51.0 53.2 44.4 46.9 51.6 51.4 44.3 56.50,51.00,53.20,44.40,46.90,51.60,51.40,44.30
NJ 32.3 35.1 33.9 28.7 28.9 34.0 35.5 33.7 32.30,35.10,33.90,28.70,28.90,34.00,35.50,33.70
NM 24.1 26.3 21.5 17.4 16.8 21.8 18.3 21.0 24.10,26.30,21.50,17.40,16.80,21.80,18.30,21.00
NV 17.1 36.0 36.3 25.0 35.7 35.8 35.0 42.0 17.10,36.00,36.30,25.00,35.70,35.80,35.00,42.00
NY 64.0 63.9 61.0 49.0 46.7 54.4 55.4 50.6 64.00,63.90,61.00,49.00,46.70,54.40,55.40,50.60
OH 61.6 64.3 62.7 50.9 44.8 55.5 60.0 54.1 61.60,64.30,62.70,50.90,44.80,55.50,60.00,54.10
OK 43.6 46.4 45.7 45.0 37.4 44.3 46.2 55.3 43.60,46.40,45.70,45.00,37.40,44.30,46.20,55.30
OR 49.1 54.4 48.2 42.6 35.1 38.6 38.5 32.4 49.10,54.40,48.20,42.60,35.10,38.60,38.50,32.40
PA 55.9 57.3 53.5 43.8 44.9 53.3 53.1 50.2 55.90,57.30,53.50,43.80,44.90,53.30,53.10,50.20
PR 51.1 47.0 92.9 72.1 56.5 94.7 107.0 60.9 51.10,47.00,92.90,72.10,56.50,94.70,107.00,60.90
RI 92.4 91.3 69.2 64.6 45.9 74.3 67.9 69.7 92.40,91.30,69.20,64.60,45.90,74.30,67.90,69.70
SC 47.7 44.0 42.9 40.2 36.7 39.2 45.7 41.3 47.70,44.00,42.90,40.20,36.70,39.20,45.70,41.30
SD 20.0 14.0 32.7 31.0 32.0 38.0 29.2 39.2 20.00,14.00,32.70,31.00,32.00,38.00,29.20,39.20
TN 40.9 39.5 43.8 39.0 36.4 39.5 44.5 39.0 40.90,39.50,43.80,39.00,36.40,39.50,44.50,39.00
TX 53.2 53.6 55.1 46.2 42.8 51.3 54.3 51.7 53.20,53.60,55.10,46.20,42.80,51.30,54.30,51.70
US 53.5 53.7 51.1 44.3 42.9 49.0 51.2 47.2 53.50,53.70,51.10,44.30,42.90,49.00,51.20,47.20
UT 63.0 50.0 52.7 41.0 50.2 40.9 51.4 47.5 63.00,50.00,52.70,41.00,50.20,40.90,51.40,47.50
VA 45.4 47.3 45.6 38.1 33.7 39.7 40.8 37.8 45.40,47.30,45.60,38.10,33.70,39.70,40.80,37.80
VT 31.3 27.5 19.4 28.9 15.0 28.8 27.8 32.2 31.30,27.50,19.40,28.90,15.00,28.80,27.80,32.20
WA 36.7 37.3 31.8 28.5 26.6 31.1 31.2 28.6 36.70,37.30,31.80,28.50,26.60,31.10,31.20,28.60
WI 69.9 76.8 74.2 56.8 59.3 58.8 67.8 55.9 69.90,76.80,74.20,56.80,59.30,58.80,67.80,55.90
WV 18.9 32.5 27.5 29.5 47.5 51.0 60.5 52.3 18.90,32.50,27.50,29.50,47.50,51.00,60.50,52.30
WY 54.3 71.4 67.8 41.3 70.0 52.9 75.7 62.5 54.30,71.40,67.80,41.30,70.00,52.90,75.70,62.50
NOTES: Employed S&E doctorate holders are classified by employment location.

SOURCES: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates, and Survey of Doctorate Recipients (various years).
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