This indicator represents the relationship between federal R&D spending in a state and the number of employees in the state who work in S&E occupations. Federal R&D dollars are attributed to the states in which the recipient organizations of federal obligations are located. Data on federal obligations for R&D come from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics’ Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development, which is the primary source of information about federal funding for R&D in the United States.