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General Science and Engineering Indicators
R&D Investment Patterns
S&E Workforce Development
Knowledge Output

Selected Education Indicators
High School Completion Patterns
High School Teachers
Higher Education Enrollments

Selected Global Marketplace Indicators
Competitiveness

Glossary
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Glossary

Budget function: One of 20 broad categories that classify activities covered by the federal budget, including R&D. An agency’s activities are not necessarily included in only one function. Instead, the programs of one agency typically are distributed across functions, and each function often includes programs from multiple agencies.

Commerce: United States Department of Commerce

DoD: United States Department of Defense

DOE: United States Department of Energy

EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency

FFRDC: Federally Funded Research and Development Center

G7: Group of Seven, the world’s largest industrial market economies: the United States, Japan, Germany, France, Britain, Italy and Canada

GDP: Gross Domestic Product. The market value of all final goods and services produced within a country within a given period of time

HHS: United States Department of Health and Human Services

High-technology manufacturing industries: Five manufacturing industries, identified by OECD, that have particularly strong linkages to science and technology, consisting of aerospace, communications equipment, office machinery and computers, pharmaceuticals, and scientific instruments.

Homeland Security: United States Department of Homeland Security

ipIQ: Private company specializing in patent analysis, http://www.ipiq.com

Knowledge-intensive services:Five service industries, identified by OECD, that have particularly strong linkages to science and technology, consisting of business, financial, communications, education, and health services.

Market-oriented knowledge-intensive services: Those knowledge-intensive service industries that are commercially oriented, consisting of business, financial, and communications services

NASA: United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NCES: National Center for Education Statistics, United States Department of Education

NIH: United States National Institutes of Health

NSB: National Science Board (Board)

NSF: National Science Foundation

OECD: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Member countries include Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States

Productivity: The efficiency with which resources are employed within an economy or industry, measured as labor productivity. Labor productivity is measured by change in GDP or output per unit of labor.

PPP: Purchasing Power Parities. The exchange rate required to purchase an equivalent market basket of goods.

R&D: Research and Development

S&E: Science and Engineering

S&T: Science and Technology

SEI: Science and Engineering Indicators

SRS: Division of Science Resource Statistics, National Science Foundation

Transportation: United States Department of Transportation

Triadic patents: Triadic patent families refer to inventions that have sought patent protection in the world’s three largest markets: the United States, the EU, and Japan.

UIS: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

USPTO: United States Patent and Trademark Office

USDA: United States Department of Agriculture

Value-added revenue: Gross revenue minus the cost of purchased domestic and foreign inputs and materials.