Select "VIEW" to see the table. PDF and Excel are available for download.
Chapter 1. Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-1 | Indicators of elementary and secondary school mathematics and science education | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-2 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by socioeconomic status and sex within race or ethnicity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-3 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP science assessment, by socioeconomic status and sex within race or ethnicity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-4 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP technology and engineering literacy assessment, by socioeconomic status and sex within race or ethnicity: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-5 | Average mathematics and science assessment test scores of children who were in kindergarten for the first time during the 2010–11 school year and in third grade during the 2013–14 school year, by child and family characteristics | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-6 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of U.S. students in grades 4 and 8, by selected student and school characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-7 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of students in grades 4 and 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-8 | Average TIMSS science scores of U.S. students in grades 4 and 8, by selected student and school characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-9 | Average TIMSS science scores of students in grades 4 and 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-10 | Average advanced mathematics and physics scores of U.S. TIMSS Advanced students, by selected student and school characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-11 | Average scores of U.S. 15-year-old students on the PISA mathematics and science literacy scales, by selected student characteristics: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-12 | Average mathematics literacy assessment scores for 15-year-olds participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-13 | Average science literacy assessment scores for 15-year-old students participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-14 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-15 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-16 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-17 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-18 | Average high school credits earned in technology-related courses and percentage of students earning any credit, for fall 2009 ninth graders, by sex: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-19 | Percentage of principals reporting that their schools offer at least one computer science course, by grade level, size, and locale: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-20 | Students who took or passed an AP exam in high school, by subject: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-21 | Students taking AP exams, by subject: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-22 | Access to high-level mathematics and sciences courses among students at low versus high black and Latino enrollment schools: 2013–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-23 | On-time graduation rates of U.S. public high school students, by student characteristics: 2011−15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-24 | High school graduation rates, by OECD country: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-25 | Relative standing of U.S. high school graduation rates among OECD countries: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-26 | Chapter summary of U.S. performance on K–12 STEM indicators | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-27 | Summary of long- and short-term trends in U.S. performance on K–12 STEM indicators | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 2. Higher Education in Science and Engineering
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-1 | Degree-granting institutions, by control and level of institution: 2015–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-2 | Degree awards, by degree level and institutional control: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-3 | Distribution of U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is a high-Hispanic-enrollment institution, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-4 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is an HBCU, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-5 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients who reported earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-6 | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-7 | Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by distance education enrollment status, control, and level of institution: Fall 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-8 | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control: 2006–07 and 2011–12 through 2016–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-9 | Primary support mechanisms for S&E doctorate recipients, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-10 | International students enrolled in U.S. higher education institutions, by broad field and academic level: 2012–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-11 | Retention and attainment of postsecondary students at the first academic institution attended through June 2014, by level of first institution and major field category: 2013–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-12 | Major switching among first-time postsecondary students beginning 4-year colleges and universities in 2011–12: 2013–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-13 | Median number of years from entering graduate school to receipt of S&E doctorate, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-14 | Recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-15 | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-16 | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region or country of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-17 | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region and country of origin: 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 3. Science and Engineering Labor Force
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-1 | Major sources of data on the U.S. labor force | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-2 | Classification of degree fields and occupations | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-3 | Measures and size of U.S. S&E workforce: 2015 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-4 | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-5 | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations, by degree level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-6 | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-7 | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-8 | Employment in S&E occupations, by major industry: May 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-9 | Metropolitan areas with largest proportion of workers in S&E occupations: May 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-10 | R&D activity rate of scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-11 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-12 | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field: Selected years, 2003–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-13 | Annual salaries in science, technology, and related occupations: May 2013–May 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-14 | Labor market indicators for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-15 | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree: 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-16 | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenured and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree: Selected years, 1993–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-17 | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-18 | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-19 | Racial and ethnic distribution of U.S. residents, and of employed individuals in S&E occupations, with S&E degrees, and with college degrees: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-20 | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: Selected years, 1993–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-21 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-22 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-23 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-24 | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003, and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-25 | Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations, by education level: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-26 | Annual salaries for new H-1B visa recipients, by occupation: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-27 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-28 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-A | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of employment and job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-B | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution and region of employment: 2001–15 combined | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-C | Region and state of doctoral institution and employment of doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector: 2001–15 combined | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-D | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-E | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-F | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 4. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-1 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 2008–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-2 | Annual rates of growth in U.S. R&D expenditures, total and by performing sectors: 1988–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-3 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector, source of funds, and type of work: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-4 | U.S. R&D expenditures by type of work: Selected years, 1970–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-5 | International comparisons of gross domestic expenditures on R&D and R&D share of gross domestic product, by region, country, or economy: 2015 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-6 | Gross expenditures on R&D for selected countries, by performing sector and source of funds: 2015 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-7 | Gross expenditures on R&D for selected countries, by type of work: 2015 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-8 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States: 2008–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-9 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-10 | Sales and R&D intensity for companies that performed or funded R&D, by selected industry: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-11 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by size of company: Selected years, 2008–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-12 | Business expenditures for R&D, by selected countries and top R&D-performing industries: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-13 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by selected industry of affiliate and investor country: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-14 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by selected industry of affiliate and host region, country, or economy: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-15 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-16 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency and performer: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-17 | Federal obligations for R&D, by agency and type of work: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-18 | Government R&D support by major socioeconomic objectives, by selected countries or regions and years: Selected years, 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-A | Top 10 states in U.S. R&D performance, by sector and intensity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 5. Academic Research and Development
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-1 | R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-2 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source, character of work, and institution type: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-3 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by Carnegie classification, institution type, and type of cost: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-4 | Top six federal agencies' shares of federally funded academic R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-5 | Federal funding of academic S&E R&D, by agency and field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-6 | Growth of academic R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 1997–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-7 | Total and institutionally funded R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-8 | Higher education R&D expenditures at all universities and colleges financed by institutional funds, by source, fiscal year, institution type, and Carnegie classification: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-9 | Condition of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-10 | New construction of S&E research space in academic institutions, by field and time of construction: FYs 2006–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-11 | Tenure status, by field of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-12 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-13 | Tenure status of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by career stage and field of doctorate: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-14 | Women as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-15 | Tenured S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by sex and field: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-16 | Underrepresented minorities as a percentage of S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by position: Selected years, 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by age: 1995 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-18 | Full-time S&E faculty reporting research as primary work activity, by years since doctorate and degree field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by demographic group: Selected years, 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-20 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia in postdoc positions, by Carnegie classification of employer and years since doctorate: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-21 | NIH and NSF research grant applications and funding success rates: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-22 | S&E articles in all fields, by country or economy: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-23 | S&E research portfolios of selected region, country, or economy, by field: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-24 | Share of U.S. S&E articles, by sector and field: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-25 | Shares of U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-26 | International coauthorship of S&E articles with the United States, by selected country or economy: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-27 | Index of international collaboration on S&E articles, by selected country or economy pair: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-28 | Relative citation index, by selected region, country, or economy pair: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-A | EPSCoR and EPSCoR-like program budgets, by agency: FYs 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-B | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by degree field and sex: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-C | Foreign-trained S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research and teaching focus: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-D | Number of titles and publications filtered from the Scopus database | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 6. Industry, Technology, and the Global Marketplace
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-1 | Knowledge- and technology-intensive industries, by category | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-2 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-3 | Global value added for selected industries, by selected region, country, or economy: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-A | Data Sources | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 7. Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7-1 | Percentage of correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by region or country: Most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-2 | Correct answers to scientific process questions: Selected years, 1999–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-A | U.S. survey data sources | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-B | International survey data sources | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 8. Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8-1 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 2002 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-2 | Selected technology areas of USPTO patents | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-3 | Federal laboratory technology transfer activity indicators, by selected agencies: FYs 2006, 2009, 2012, 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-4 | Invention disclosures and patenting, by selected U.S. agencies with federal laboratories: FYs 2006–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-5 | U.S. business-sector publications with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-6 | U.S. utility patents citing S&E literature, by patent assignee sector, article author sector, and patent issue year: 2013–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-7 | SBIR and STTR awards funding, by type of award: Selected years, FYs 1983–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-9 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by company size and industry sector: 2013–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-10 | U.S. companies introducing new or significantly improved products or processes, by industry sector and industry proportions: 2013–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-11 | International comparison of innovation rate, product, and process, by country and firm size: 2012–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-8 | Examples of federal policies and programs supporting early-stage technology development and innovation | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Select "VIEW" to see the table. PDF and Excel are available for download.
Chapter 1. Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-1 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by student characteristics: 1990–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-2 | Students in grades 4, 8, and 12 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in mathematics for their grade, by student grade and characteristics: 1990–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-3 | Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP science assessment, by student grade and characteristics: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-4 | Students in grades 4, 8, and 12 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in science for their grade, by student grade and characteristics: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-5 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP technology and engineering literacy assessment and the percentage scoring proficient or above, by student characteristics: 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-6 | Average scores of students in grade 4 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-7 | Students in grade 4 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in mathematics, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-8 | Average scores of students in grade 4 on the main NAEP science assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-9 | Students in grade 4 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in science, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-10 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-11 | Students in grade 8 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in mathematics, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-12 | Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP science assessment, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-13 | Students in grade 8 scoring at or above the main NAEP's proficient level in science, by race or ethnicity and sex, by state: 2009–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-14 | Average mathematics assessment test scores of children who were in kindergarten for the first time in the 2010–11 school year and in third grade in the 2013–14 school year, by child and family characteristics | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-15 | Average science assessment test scores of children who were in kindergarten for the first time in the 2010–11 school year and in third grade in the 2013–14 school year, by child and family characteristics | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-16 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of students in grade 4, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-17 | Average TIMSS mathematics scores of students in grade 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-18 | Average TIMSS science scores of students in grade 4, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-19 | Average TIMSS science scores of students in grade 8, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-20 | Average mathematics literacy assessment scores for 15-year-old students participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-21 | Average science literacy assessment scores for 15-year-old students participating in PISA, by education system: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-22 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by gender and socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-23 | Highest-level mathematics course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-24 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by sex and socioeconomic status within race or ethnicity: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-25 | Science course enrollment of high school completers, by student and family characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-26 | Average high school credits earned in technology-related courses, and percentage earning any credit, for fall 2009 ninth graders, by student, family, and school characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-27 | High school graduates enrolled in college in October after completing high school, by demographic characteristics and institution type: 1975–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 1-28 | Fall 2009 ninth graders considering a STEM major (among those with an identified major), by program level and student, family, and school characteristics: 2013 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 2. Higher Education in Science and Engineering
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-1 | S&E degrees awarded, by degree level, Carnegie institution type, and field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-2 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by broad field and degree level: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-3 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by field and degree level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-4 | Distance education programs by institutional control, field, and degree level: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-5 | Undergraduate and total enrollment in higher education, by Carnegie institution type: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-6 | Average revenue per FTE, by institution type: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-7 | Average expenditures per FTE, by institution type: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source and mechanism of primary support: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-9 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-10 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-11 | Proportion of full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-12 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by agency: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-13 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and agency: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-14 | Doctorate recipients' source of primary support, by broad field of study, sex, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2013–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-15 | Amount of undergraduate and graduate debt of S&E doctorate recipients, by field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-16 | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: 2016 and 2017 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-17 | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering and engineering technology programs: 2006–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-18 | Earned associate’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-19 | Earned associate’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-20 | Degrees awarded to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by sex, race, ethnicity, broad field category, and degree level: 2000 and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-21 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-22 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-23 | S&E graduate enrollment, by field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-24 | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-25 | S&E graduate enrollment, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-26 | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: 2016 and 2017 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-27 | Earned master’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-28 | Earned master’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-29 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, and sex: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-30 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field: 1985–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-31 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, ethnicity, race, and broad field of study: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-32 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-33 | Expenditures on tertiary education institutions as a percentage of GDP: 2005, 2008, and 2010–13 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-35 | S&E first university degrees, by selected Western or Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-38 | S&E doctoral degrees in the United States and selected European countries or economies, by field: 2000–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-39 | S&E doctoral degrees, by selected Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-40 | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by sex, selected region, country, or economy, and field: 2014 or most recent year | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-41 | Trends in population age 20–24, by selected country and region: Selected years: 2015–60 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-42 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in United Kingdom universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: Academic years 2005–06 and 2015–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-43 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in Japanese universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: 2004 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 2-44 | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and S&E field: 2004 and 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 3. Science and Engineering Labor Force
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-1 | S&E occupations in the 1960 U.S. Census and 2015 American Community Survey | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-2 | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of occupational employment: 2014–24 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-3 | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and degree field: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-4 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders and workers in S&E occupations: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-5 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-6 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-7 | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-8 | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category: Selected years, 2003–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-9 | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-10 | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1975–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-11 | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-12 | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-13 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-14 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, race, ethnicity, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-15 | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-16 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-17 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-18 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-19 | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-20 | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-21 | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin: 2004–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-22 | R&D personnel in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 3-23 | Researchers as a share of total employment and GERD per researcher in selected regions, countries, or economies: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 4. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-1 | U.S. gross domestic product, R&D, and ratio of R&D to gross domestic product (and components): 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-2 | U.S. research and development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-3 | U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-4 | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-5 | U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-6 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-7 | U.S. basic research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-8 | U.S. applied research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-9 | U.S. development expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: 1953–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-10 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by state, performing sector, and funding sector: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-11 | U.S. R&D and gross domestic product, by state: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-12 | Gross expenditures on R&D and expenditures for R&D as a share of gross domestic product, for selected countries or regions: 1981–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-13 | Funds spent for business R&D performed in the United States, by source of funds and selected industry: 2008–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-14 | Federal research and experimentation tax credit claims, by NAICS industry: 2001–13 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-15 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by region, country, or economy of ultimate beneficial owner: 1997–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-16 | R&D performed by majority-owned affiliates of foreign companies in the United States, by NAICS industry of affiliate: 2007–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-17 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by region, country, or economy: 1997–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-18 | R&D performed abroad by majority-owned foreign affiliates of U.S. parent companies, by selected NAICS industry of affiliate: 2009–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-19 | R&D performed in the United States by U.S. multinational company parent companies, by NAICS industry: 2009–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-20 | Difference in federal R&D support, as reported by performers and federal agencies: 1985–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-21 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by type of work: FYs 1953–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-22 | Federal funding for R&D and R&D plant, budget authority versus obligations: FYs 1953–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-23 | Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency, performer, and type of work: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-24 | Federal obligations for research, by agency and S&E field: FY 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 4-25 | Federal obligations for research, by detailed S&E field: Selected years, FYs 1990–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 5. Academic Research and Development
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-1 | Total and federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by type of R&D: FYs 1953–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-2 | Sources of R&D funding for public and private academic institutions: Selected years, FYs 1990–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-3 | Federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by federal agency and field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-4 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by source of funds and field: FY 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-5 | Higher education R&D expenditures, by field: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-6 | Higher education R&D expenditures at top 100 R&D-performing institutions, ranked by FY 2015 R&D expenditures: FYs 2007–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-7 | Expenditures for academic R&D passed through to and received by subrecipients: FYs 2012–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-8 | Research space at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2007–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-9 | Source of funds for new construction of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-10 | Costs for repair and renovation of research space at academic institutions, by S&E field and time of repair and renovation: FYs 2014–17 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-11 | Source of funds for repair and renovation of S&E research space at academic institutions, by year of project start and type of institution: FYs 2002–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-12 | Current fund expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-13 | Federal share of current funding for research equipment at academic institutions, by S&E field: FYs 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-14 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-15 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, sex, and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-16 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, race, ethnicity, and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-17 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by type of position, degree field, and citizenship: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-18 | Age distribution of S&E doctorate holders in full-time faculty positions at research universities and other academic institutions: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-19 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by research priority, type of position, and degree field: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-20 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia, by Carnegie classification of institution, years since doctorate, and type of position: Selected years, 1997–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-21 | S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, research activity, and type of position: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-22 | S&E doctorate holders and full-time faculty with federal support, by degree field and Carnegie classification of employer: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-23 | S&E doctorate holders with federal support, by Carnegie classification of institution, race, ethnicity, and sex: 2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-24 | Early career S&E doctorate holders employed in academia with federal support, by degree field, years since doctorate, and type of position: 1973–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-25 | Fields and subfields of S&E publications data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-26 | Regions, countries, or economies in S&E publications data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-27 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-28 | S&E articles in agricultural sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-29 | S&E articles in astronomy, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-30 | S&E articles in biological sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-31 | S&E articles in chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-32 | S&E articles in computer sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-33 | S&E articles in engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-34 | S&E articles in geosciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-35 | S&E articles in mathematics, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-36 | S&E articles in medical sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-37 | S&E articles in other life sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-38 | S&E articles in physics, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-39 | S&E articles in psychology, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-40 | S&E articles in social sciences, by region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-41 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and sector: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-42 | S&E articles in all fields combined, by coauthorship attribute and selected region, country, or economy: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-43 | Indexes of internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-44 | Internationally coauthored S&E publications, by selected region, country, or economy pairs: 2003 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-45 | U.S. sector publications coauthored with other U.S. sectors and foreign institutions: 2006 and 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-46 | U.S. S&E articles, by field and coauthorship attribute: 2003–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-47 | Citations from international S&E publications, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-48 | Share of S&E articles, by field, citation percentile, and country or economy of institutional author: 2004 and 2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-49 | Average relative citations for the United States, by scientific field: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-50 | Average relative citations in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 5-51 | Share of S&E publications in the top 1% of most-cited articles in the Scopus database, by region, country, or economy: 1996–2014 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 6. Industry, Technology, and the Global Marketplace
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-9 | Value added of financial services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-1 | Regions, countries, or economies in world industry data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-2 | Value added of KTI industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-3 | Nominal GDP, by region, country, or economy: Selected years, 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-4 | Value added of commercial KI services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-5 | Value added of education services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-6 | Value added of health care, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-7 | Value added of MHT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-8 | Value added of HT manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-10 | Value added of business services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-11 | Value added of information services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-12 | Value added of computer programming and related services, by region, country, or economy: 2001–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-13 | Value added of all manufacturing industries, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-14 | Value added of semiconductor industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-15 | Value added of computers and office machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-16 | Value added of communications, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-17 | Value added of pharmaceuticals industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-18 | Value added of testing, measuring, and control instruments industry, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-19 | Value added of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-20 | Value added of motor vehicles, trailers, and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-21 | Value added of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-22 | Value added of machinery and equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-23 | Value added of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-24 | Value added of railroad and other transportation equipment, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-25 | Exports and imports of commercial KI services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-26 | Exports and imports of high-technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-27 | Exports and imports of medium-high technology products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-28 | Exports and imports of other business services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-29 | Exports and imports of telecommunications and computer and information services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-30 | Exports and imports of financial services, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-31 | Exports and imports of ICT products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-32 | Exports and imports of communications products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-33 | Exports and imports of computer products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-34 | Exports and imports of semiconductor products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-35 | Exports and imports of testing, measuring, and control instrument products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-36 | Exports and imports of pharmaceutical products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-37 | Exports and imports of aircraft and spacecraft, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-38 | Regions, countries, or economies in world trade data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-39 | Exports and imports of motor vehicles and parts, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-40 | Exports and imports of chemicals excluding pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-41 | Exports and imports of machinery, equipment, and appliances, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-42 | Exports and imports of electrical machinery, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-43 | Exports and imports of railroad equipment and other transportation products, by region, country, or economy: 2001–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-44 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in all technologies and solar, by region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-45 | Later-stage sustainable energy investment in wind and energy smart technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2004–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-46 | Government RD&D in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-47 | Government RD&D in nuclear energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-48 | Government RD&D in energy efficiency technology, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-49 | Government RD&D in other power and storage technologies, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-50 | Government RD&D in renewable energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-51 | Government RD&D in solar energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-52 | Government RD&D in wind energy, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-53 | Government RD&D in biofuels, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-54 | Government RD&D in carbon capture and storage, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-55 | Government RD&D in hydrogen and fuel cells, by region, country, or economy: 2005–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-56 | USPTO patents granted in sustainable energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-57 | USPTO patents granted in alternative energy technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-58 | USPTO patents granted in energy storage technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-59 | USPTO patents granted in smart grid technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-60 | USPTO patents granted in pollution mitigation technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-61 | USPTO patents granted in fuel cell technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-62 | USPTO patents granted in bioenergy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-63 | USPTO patents granted in solar energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-64 | USPTO patents granted in hybrid and electric vehicle technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-65 | USPTO patents granted in wind energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-66 | USPTO patents granted in nuclear energy technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-67 | USPTO patents granted in battery technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-68 | USPTO patents granted in hydrogen production and storage technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-69 | USPTO patents granted in cleaner coal technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-70 | USPTO patents granted in capture and storage of carbon and other greenhouse gases technologies, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-71 | USPTO patents granted in air pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-72 | USPTO patents granted in solid waste control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-73 | USPTO patents granted in water pollution control technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 6-74 | USPTO patents granted in recycling technology, by region, country, or economy: 1998–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 7. Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7-1 | Public interest in selected issues: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-2 | Public interest in selected issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-3 | Primary source of information about current news events, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-4 | Primary source of information about science and technology, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-5 | Primary source respondents used to learn about specific scientific issues, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-6 | Public interest in selected issues: 1981–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-7 | Visitors to informal science institutions: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-8 | Correct answers to trend factual knowledge of science questions, by respondent characteristic: 1992–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-9 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences: 1985–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-10 | Correct answers to factual knowledge questions in physical and biological sciences, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-11 | Correct answers to scientific process questions, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-12 | Public assessment of astrology, by respondent characteristic: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-13 | Understanding of the term "scientific study," by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-14 | Understanding of the term "scientific study": 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-15 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-16 | Public assessment of benefits and harms of scientific research: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-17 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-18 | Public assessment of whether science and technology result in more opportunities for the next generation: 1985–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-19 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-20 | Public assessment of whether science makes life change too fast: 1979–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-21 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic scientific research, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-22 | Public opinion on whether the federal government should fund basic scientific research: 1985–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-23 | Public assessment of spending, by policy area: 1983–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-24 | Public assessment of spending on science, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-25 | Public assessment of spending on health, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-26 | Public assessment of spending on the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-27 | Public assessment of spending on space, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-28 | Public confidence in institutional leaders, by type of institution: 1973–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-29 | Public confidence in science leaders, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-30 | Public perception of scientists: 1983, 1985, 2001, 2012, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-31 | Public perception of scientists, by respondent characteristic: 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-32 | Public assessment of the danger of river, lake, and stream pollution to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-33 | Public assessment of the danger of air pollution from industry to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-34 | Public assessment of the danger of climate change to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-35 | Public assessment of the danger of nuclear power stations to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 1993, 1994, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-36 | Public assessment of the danger of modifying genes of crops to the environment, by respondent characteristic: 2000, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 7-37 | Public assessment of the benefits and harms of nanotechnology, by respondent characteristic: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Chapter 8. Invention, Knowledge Transfer, and Innovation
| TABLE | TITLE | VIEW | EXCEL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8-1 | USPTO patents granted, by sector: 2002–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-2 | U.S. university patent awards, by technology area: 1996–2016 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-3 | Regions, countries, or economies in USPTO patent data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-4 | USPTO patents granted, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-5 | USPTO patents granted in computer technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-6 | USPTO patents granted in semiconductors, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-7 | USPTO patents granted in telecommunications, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-8 | USPTO patents granted in digital communication, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-9 | USPTO patents granted in basic communication processes, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-10 | USPTO patents granted in IT methods for management, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-11 | USPTO patents granted in medical technology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-12 | USPTO patents granted in biotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-13 | USPTO patents granted in pharmaceuticals, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-14 | USPTO patents granted in basic material chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-15 | USPTO patents granted in organic chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-16 | USPTO patents granted in macromolecular chemistry, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-17 | USPTO patents granted in chemical engineering, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-18 | USPTO patents granted in measurement, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-19 | USPTO patents granted in optics, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-20 | USPTO patents granted in analysis of biological materials, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-21 | USPTO patents granted in control, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-22 | USPTO patents granted in materials and metallurgy, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-23 | USPTO patents granted in microstructural and nanotechnology, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-24 | USPTO patents granted in surface technology and coating, by region, country, or economy: 2000–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-25 | Patent activity indexes for selected technologies for selected economies: 2014–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-26 | Academic patenting and licensing activities: 2001–15 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-27 | Federal technology transfer activity indicators for U.S. agencies with federal laboratories: FYs 2001–14 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-28 | Citation of S&E articles in USPTO patents, by cited field and cited country and sector: 2013–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-29 | Exports and imports of charges for the use of intellectual property, by selected region, country, or economy: 2008–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-30 | Global venture capital investment, by financing stage and selected region, country, or economy: 2006–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-31 | Definitions of industry or technologies of venture capital data | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-32 | U.S. seed-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-33 | U.S. early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-34 | China early and later-stage venture capital investment, by industry: 2011–16 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-35 | SBIR and STTR awards, by type of award: FYs 1983–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-36 | SBIR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1983–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-37 | STTR award funding, by type of award and federal agency: FYs 1995–2015 | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
| 8-38 | Federal policies and programs supporting early stage technology development and innovation | View Table | Download PDF | Download XLSX |
Data Sources can be viewed by Chapter or by Data Provider: select from either menu to view list and links. Direct link to data source provided unless special tabulations performed from data within the linked product.
Chapter 1. Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education
Chapter 2. Higher Education in Science and Engineering
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 2-1 | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at public very high research universities: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at public very high research universities |
| Table 2-1 | Degree-granting institutions, by control and level of institution: 2015–16 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System: Institutional Characteristics component | Degree-granting institutions, by control and level of institution |
| App. Table 2-1 | S&E degrees awarded, by degree level, Carnegie institution type, and field: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E degrees awarded, by degree level, Carnegie institution type, and field |
| Figure 2-2 | Average expenditures per FTE on research at public and private very high research universities: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average expenditures on research at private and public very high research universities |
| Table 2-2 | Degree awards, by degree level and institutional control: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degree awards by degree level and institutional control |
| App. Table 2-2 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by broad field and degree level: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degrees awarded by for-profit institutions 2000-2015 |
| Figure 2-3 | Average expenditures per FTE on instruction at public and private very high research universities: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average expenditures per FTE on instruction at public and private very high research universities |
| Table 2-3 | Distribution of U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is a high-Hispanic-enrollment institution, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients with baccalaureates from high-Hispanic-enrollment institutions |
| App. Table 2-3 | Degrees awarded by private for-profit academic institutions, by field and degree level: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degrees awarded by for-profit institutions, by field and degree level: 2015 |
| Figure 2-4 | Selected average revenues and expenditures at public 4-year and other postsecondary institutions: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Selected average revenues and expenditures at public 4-year and other postsecondary institutions |
| Table 2-4 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients whose baccalaureate origin is an HBCU, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients with baccalaureates from an HBCU, by ethnicity and race |
| App. Table 2-4 | Distance education programs by institutional control, field, and degree level: 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Distance education programs by institutional control, field, and degree level |
| Figure 2-5 | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at community colleges: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Selected average revenues and expenditures per FTE at community colleges |
| Table 2-5 | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients who reported earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race: 2011–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. citizen and permanent resident S&E doctorate recipients reporting earning college credit from a community or 2-year college, by ethnicity and race |
| App. Table 2-5 | Undergraduate and total enrollment in higher education, by Carnegie institution type: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Fall Enrollment Survey | Undergraduate and total enrollment in higher education, by Carnegie institution type |
| Figure 2-6 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source of primary support: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by source of primary support |
| Table 2-6 | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Recent recipients of S&E degrees who attended community college, by sex, race and ethnicity, citizenship status, and parents' education level |
| App. Table 2-6 | Average revenue per FTE, by institution type: 2000-2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average revenue per full-time equivalent student, by institution type |
| Figure 2-7 | Full-time S&E graduate students with primary support from federal government, by field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field |
| Table 2-7 | Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by distance education enrollment status, control, and level of institution: Fall 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Fall Enrollment Survey | Enrollment in Title IV institutions, by distance education enrollment status, control, and level of institution |
| App. Table 2-7 | Average expenditures per FTE, by institution type: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | IPEDS Analytics: Delta Cost Project Database | Average expenditures per full-time equivalent student, by institution |
| Figure 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| Table 2-8 | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control: 2006–07 and 2011–12 through 2016–17 | The College Board | Annual Survey of Colleges: Trends in College Pricing | Net tuition and fees for full-time undergraduate students by institutional control |
| App. Table 2-8 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by source and mechanism of primary support: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates by source and mechanism of primary support |
| Figure 2-9 | Share of full-time undergraduate enrollment among U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by race and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Fall Enrollment Survey | Undergraduate enrollment in higher education, by race and ethnicity |
| Table 2-9 | Primary support mechanisms for S&E doctorate recipients, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients' primary source of support |
| App. Table 2-9 | Full-time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| Figure 2-10 | S&E bachelor's degrees, by field 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E bachelor's degrees, by field |
| Table 2-10 | International students enrolled in U.S. higher education institutions, by broad field and academic level: 2012–17 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International students' enrollment in U.S. universities |
| App. Table 2-10 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field |
| Figure 2-11 | Women's share of S&E bachelor's degrees, by field: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E bachelor's degrees, by field and sex |
| Table 2-11 | Retention and attainment of postsecondary students at the first academic institution attended through June 2014, by level of first institution and major field category: 2013–14 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study | Retention and attainment of postsecondary students at the first academic institution, by level of first institution and major field category |
| App. Table 2-11 | Proportion of full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and mechanism of primary support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduate students, by field and mechanism of primary support |
| Figure 2-12 | Share of S&E bachelor’s degrees among U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by race and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned bachelor's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| Table 2-12 | Major switching among first-time postsecondary students beginning 4-year colleges and universities in 2011–12: 2013–14 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study | Major switching among first-time postsecondary students beginning 4-year colleges and universities |
| App. Table 2-12 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by agency: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by agency |
| Figure 2-13 | S&E master’s degrees, by field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E master's degrees, by field |
| Table 2-13 | Median number of years from entering graduate school to receipt of S&E doctorate, by 2010 Carnegie classification of doctorate-granting institution: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field |
| App. Table 2-13 | Full-time S&E graduate students primarily supported by federal government, by field and agency: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by agency |
| Full time S&E graduates supported by the federal government, by field | ||||
| Figure 2-14 | S&E master's degrees, by sex of recipient: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E master's degrees, by sex |
| Table 2-14 | Recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients on temporary visas |
| App. Table 2-14 | Doctorate recipients' source of primary support, by broad field of study, sex, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2013–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients' primary source of support |
| Figure 2-15 | S&E master’s degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E master's degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship |
| Table 2-15 | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| App. Table 2-15 | Amount of undergraduate and graduate debt of S&E doctorate recipients, by field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | S&E doctorate recipients undergraduate and graduate debt |
| Figure 2-16 | S&E doctoral degrees earned in U.S. universities, by field: 2000-15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by field |
| Table 2-16 | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region or country of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | European recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas |
| App. Table 2-16 | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: Fall 2016 and fall 2017 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International undergraduate student enrollment in U.S. universities |
| Figure 2-17 | S&E doctoral degrees earned by U.S. citizen and permanent resident underrepresented minorities, by race and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E doctoral degrees earned by U.S. citizen and permanent resident underrepresented minorities, by race and ethnicity |
| Table 2-17 | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary visas, by field and region and country of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | North American, South American, and Middle Eastern recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| App. Table 2-17 | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering and engineering technology programs: 2006–15 | American Society for Engineering Education | Engineering by the Numbers | Undergraduate enrollment in engineering |
| Figure 2-18 | S&E doctoral degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | S&E doctoral degrees, by race, ethnicity, and citizenship |
| App. Table 2-18 | Earned associate’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned associate's degrees by sex and field |
| Figure 2-19 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected Asian country or economy of origin: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Asian recipients of U.S. S&E doctorates |
| App. Table 2-19 | Earned associate’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned associate's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| Figure 2-20 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients, by selected European country: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients by selected European country |
| App. Table 2-20 | Degrees awarded to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by sex, race, ethnicity, broad field category, and degree level: 2000 and 2015 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Degrees awarded to U.S. citizens and permanent residents, by sex, race, ethnicity, broad field category, and degree level |
| Figure 2-21 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Europe, by region: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctorate recipients from Europe |
| App. Table 2-21 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned bachelor's degrees, by sex and field |
| Figure 2-22 | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients from Canada, Mexico, and Brazil |
| App. Table 2-22 | Earned bachelor’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned bachelor's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| Figure 2-23 | Attainment of bachelor's or higher degrees, by country and age group: 2015 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Educational attainment by country and age group (OECD 2016) |
| App. Table 2-23 | S&E graduate enrollment, by field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | S&E graduate enrollment, by field |
| Figure 2-24 | First university natural sciences and engineering degrees, by selected country or economy: 2000–14 | Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (various years) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-24 | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | First-time full-time S&E graduate students, by citizenship and field |
| Figure 2-25 | Natural sciences and engineering doctoral degrees, by selected country: 2000–14 | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (various years) | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-25 | S&E graduate enrollment, by citizenship and field: 2000–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering | S&E graduate enrollment by citizenship and field |
| Figure 2-26 | Internationally mobile students enrolled in tertiary education, by selected country: 2014 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Internationally mobile students enrolled in tertiary education |
| App. Table 2-26 | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities, by field and selected places of origin: Fall 2016 and fall 2017 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Student and Exchange Visitor Information System database | International graduate student enrollment in U.S. universities |
| App. Table 2-27 | Earned master’s degrees, by sex and field: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned Master's degrees, by sex and field |
| App. Table 2-28 | Earned master’s degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned master's degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| App. Table 2-29 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, and sex: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, and sex |
| App. Table 2-30 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field: 1985–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by field |
| App. Table 2-31 | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, ethnicity, race, and broad field of study: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Median number of years from S&E doctorate recipients' entry to graduate school to receipt of doctorate, by sex, citizenship, race, ethnicity, and broad field of study |
| App. Table 2-32 | Earned doctoral degrees, by citizenship, field, race, and ethnicity: 2000–15 | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Earned doctoral degrees by citizenship, field, and race or ethnicity |
| App. Table 2-33 | Expenditures on tertiary education institutions as a percentage of GDP: 2005, 2008, and 2010–13 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Country expenditures on tertiary education |
| App. Table 2-34 | First university degrees, by selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | First university degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Singapore) | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | First university degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-35 | S&E first university degrees, by selected Western or Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (various years) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-36 | First university degrees, by field, sex, and selected region, country, or economy: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | First university degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Singapore) | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | First university degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | First university degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | First university degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | First university degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | First university degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | First university degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | First university degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-37 | Earned doctoral degrees, by selected region, country, or economy and field: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Singapore) | Education Statistics Digest (Singapore) | Doctoral degrees - Singapore (Education Statistics Digest 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (Survey of Education 2016) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (China Statistical Yearbook 2015) | ||
| Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Doctoral degrees - OECD | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-38 | S&E doctoral degrees in the United States and selected European countries or economies, by field: 2000–14 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators | Doctoral degrees - OECD |
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| App. Table 2-39 | S&E doctoral degrees, by selected Asian country or economy and field: 2000–14 | Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (various years) |
| Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Doctoral degrees - Japan (various years) | ||
| National Bureau of Statistics of China | China Statistical Yearbook | Doctoral degrees - China (various years) | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-40 | Earned S&E doctoral degrees, by sex, selected region, country, or economy, and field: 2014 or most recent year | India Department of Higher Education | All India Survey on Higher Education | Doctoral degrees - India (AISHE 2015) |
| Ministry of Education (Taiwan) | Educational Statistics of the Republic of China | Doctoral degrees - Taiwan (Educational Statistics of the Republic of China 2015) | ||
| U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics | Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Completions Survey | Doctoral degrees - United States | ||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UNESCO-OECD-Eurostat (UOE) Data Collection on Education Statistics | Doctoral degrees - UNESCO | ||
| App. Table 2-41 | Trends in population age 20–24, by selected country and region: 2015–60 | U.N. Department of Economics and Social Affairs | World Population Prospects | Population projections through 2060 for selected countries and regions |
| U.S. Census Bureau | National Population Projections | Population projections through 2060 by race and ethnicity - United States | ||
| App. Table 2-42 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in United Kingdom universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: Academic years 2005–06 and 2015–16 | Higher Education Statistics Agency | Higher Education Statistics Agency Data | Foreign students enrollment in UK universities |
| App. Table 2-43 | Foreign S&E student enrollment in Japanese universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and field: 2004 and 2016 | Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) | Survey of Education (Japan) | Graduate foreign student enrollment in Japanese universities |
| Undergraduate foreign student enrollment in Japanese universities | ||||
| App. Table 2-44 | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities, by enrollment level, place of origin, and S&E field: 2004 and 2014 | Statistics Canada | Center for Education Statistics Data (Canada) | S&E student enrollment in Canadian universities |
Chapter 3. Science and Engineering Labor Force
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 3-1 | Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category: 2015 and 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category (NSCG) | ||
| Figure 3-2 | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree |
| Table 3-2 | Classification of degree fields and occupation | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degrees among college graduates, by field and level of highest degree |
| App. Table 3-2 | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of occupational employment: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Figure 3-3 | Individuals employed in S&E occupations in the United States: Selected years, 1960–2015 | U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Decennial Census | 1960 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | |||
| 1970 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| 1980 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| 1990 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| 2000 Decennial Census PUMS - occupations | ||||
| Table 3-3 | Measures and size of U.S. S&E workforce: 2015 and 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed in S&E occupations (NSCG) | ||
| Employed workers with at least one degree in S&E field | ||||
| Job relatedness to highest degree for those with highest degree in S&E field, by occupation | ||||
| Job requires S&E technical expertise at bachelor's level | ||||
| U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS | ||
| App. Table 3-3 | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and degree field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers, by occupation and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-4 | Average annual growth in the total number of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2003–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Employed individuals with highest degree in S&E, by field and level of highest degree: 2003 | |||
| Table 3-4 | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Educational background of college graduates employed in S&E occupations, by broad S&E occupational category |
| App. Table 3-4 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders and workers in S&E occupations: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders |
| Employment sector of workers in S&E occupations | ||||
| Figure 3-5 | Educational attainment, by type of occupation: 2015 | U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS |
| Table 3-5 | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations, by degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Relationship of highest degree to job among S&E highest degree holders not in S&E occupations |
| App. Table 3-5 | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of S&E highest degree holders, by level and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-6 | Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers, by broad field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Occupational distribution of scientists and engineers, by broad field of highest degree: 2015 |
| Table 3-6 | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employment sector of scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and degree field |
| App. Table 3-6 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status, highest degree level, and sex |
| Figure 3-7 | Occupational distribution of S&E highest degree holders, by field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Occupational distribution of S&E highest degree holders, by field of highest degree |
| Table 3-7 | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Self-employed scientists and engineers, by education, occupation, and type of business |
| App. Table 3-7 | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Most important reason for scientists and engineers to participate in work-related training, by labor force status |
| Figure 3-8 | S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations, by level and field of S&E highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Percent of S&E degree holders working in S&E occupations, by level and field of S&E highest degree |
| Table 3-8 | Employment in S&E occupations, by major industry: May 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES May 2016 National Industry-Specific Estimates |
| App. Table 3-8 | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category: Selected years, 2003–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | SESTAT Integrated File | Unemployment rates of scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Figure 3-9 | S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E degree holders employed in jobs related to highest degree, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-9 | Metropolitan areas with largest proportion of workers in S&E occupations: May 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES May 2016 Metropolitan Area Employment Estimates |
| App. Table 3-9 | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median annual salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field and level of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Figure 3-10 | S&E highest degree holders, by degree level and employment sector: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E highest degree holders, by degree level and employment sector |
| Table 3-10 | R&D activity rate of scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations and active in R&D, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree |
| Scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by broad occupational category and level of highest degree | ||||
| App. Table 3-10 | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1975–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: 1975, 1985 |
| Postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients with definite commitments, by broad field of study: Selected years, 1995–2015 | ||||
| Figure 3-11 | Broad S&E occupational categories, by employment sector: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Broad S&E occupational categories, by employment sector |
| Table 3-11 | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers participating in work-related training, by labor force status and occupation |
| App. Table 3-11 | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Age profile of employed scientists and engineers, by sex and field of highest degree |
| Figure 3-12 | Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector, by employer size: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Scientists and engineers employed in the business sector, by employer size |
| Table 3-12 | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field: Selected years, 2003–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | SESTAT Integrated File | Scientists and engineers who are working involuntarily out of field, by S&E degree field |
| App. Table 3-12 | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers, by sex and occupation |
| Figure 3-13 | Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity, by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers by broad field of highest degree and broad occupational category |
| Employed scientists and engineers with R&D activity, by broad field of highest deree and broad occupational category | ||||
| Table 3-13 | Annual salaries in science, technology, and related occupations: May 2013–May 2016 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Survey | OES National occupational employment and wage estimates |
| App. Table 3-13 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex and field of degree |
| Figure 3-14 | Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity, by years since doctoral degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employed SEH doctorate holders with R&D activity, by years since doctoral degree |
| Table 3-14 | Labor market indicators for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Involuntary out-of-field (IOF) rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree |
| Median annual salary for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree | ||||
| Unemployment rate for recent S&E degree recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by level and field of highest degree | ||||
| App. Table 3-14 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, race, ethnicity, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category |
| Employed S&E highest degree holders, by sex, field of highest degree, and broad occupational category | ||||
| Figure 3-15 | Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Unemployment rates of S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-15 | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree: 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employment characteristics of recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 3 years after receiving doctorate, by field of degree |
| App. Table 3-15 | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed scientists and engineers, by race, ethnicity, and occupation |
| Figure 3-16 | Unemployment rate, by selected groups: 1990–2015 | U.S. Census Bureau | Current Population Survey | Merged Outgoing Rotation Group (MORG) files: 1990-2015 |
| Table 3-16 | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree: Selected years, 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Employed SEH doctorate recipients holding tenure and tenure-track appointments at academic institutions, by field of and years since degree |
| App. Table 3-16 | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed S&E highest degree holders, by race, ethnicity, and field of degree |
| Figure 3-17 | S&E highest degree holders working involuntarily out of field, by field of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | S&E highest degree holders working involuntarily out of field, by field of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-17 | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Median salaries for recent SEH doctorate recipients up to 5 years after receiving degree, by field of degree and employment sector |
| App. Table 3-17 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation |
| Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by sex and occupation | ||||
| Figure 3-18 | Median salaries for employed, college-educated individuals, by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for employed college-educated individuals, by broad field of highest degree and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-18 | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Median salaries for recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc and non-postdoc positions up to 5 years after receiving degree |
| App. Table 3-18 | Estimate and median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Estimate of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation |
| Median salary of full-time workers with highest degree in S&E field, by race, ethnicity, and occupation | ||||
| Figure 3-19 | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by broad field of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by broad field of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-19 | Racial and ethnic distribution of U.S. residents, and of employed individuals in S&E occupations, with S&E degrees, and with college degrees: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals in S&E occupations |
| Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with college degrees | ||||
| Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E | ||||
| U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS | ||
| App. Table 3-19 | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Race and ethnic distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by nativity |
| Figure 3-20 | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median salaries for S&E highest degree holders, by level of and years since highest degree |
| Table 3-20 | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: Selected years, 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Distribution of workers in S&E occupations, by race and ethnicity: 1993–2015 | |||
| App. Table 3-20 | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients: FY 2016 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Characteristics of H-1B Specialty Occupation Workers | Occupations of new H-1B visa recipients |
| Figure 3-21 | Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions, by field of and years since doctorate: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Recent U.S. SEH doctorate recipients in postdoc positions, by field of and years since doctorate |
| Table 3-21 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E |
| App. Table 3-21 | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin: 2004–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Plans of foreign recipients of U.S. doctorates to stay in the United States, by field of doctorate and place of origin |
| Figure 3-22 | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 1993 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Age distribution of scientists and engineers in the labor force, by sex: 1993 | |||
| Table 3-22 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with S&E highest degree, by level of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed individuals with highest degree in S&E |
| App. Table 3-22 | R&D personnel in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | Total R&D personnel (FTE) |
| Figure 3-23 | Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Age distribution of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupational category and broad field of highest degree |
| Table 3-23 | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Racial and ethnic distribution of employed women in S&E occupations and with S&E highest degrees: 1995 | |||
| App. Table 3-23 | Researchers as a share of total employment and GERD per researcher in selected regions, countries, or economies: 2015 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | GERD at constant prices and PPP (2010 $) (OECD) |
| Total researchers (FTE) | ||||
| Total researchers per thousand total employment | ||||
| Figure 3-24 | Older scientists and engineers who work full time, by age and highest degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Older scientists and engineers who work full time, by age and highest degree |
| Table 3-24 | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003, and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Median annual salary among S&E highest degree holders working full time, by sex, race, and ethnicity: 1995, 2003 | |||
| Figure 3-25 | Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement, by age and highest degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Older scientists and engineers who report not working because of retirement, by age |
| Table 3-25 | Foreign-born workers in S&E occupations, by education level: 1993, 2003, and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born worker in S&E occupations, by education level: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Foreign-born worker in S&E occupations, by education level: 1995, 2003 | |||
| U.S. Census Bureau | American Community Survey | 2003 ACS PUMS | ||
| 2015 ACS 1-year PUMS | ||||
| Figure 3-26 | Women in the workforce and in S&E: 1993 and 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Women as a percentage of S&E highest degree holders |
| Women as a percentage of the college-educated workforce | ||||
| Women in S&E occupations: 2015 | ||||
| Table 3-26 | Annual salaries for new H-1B visa recipients, by occupation: FY 2016 | U.S. Department of Homeland Security | Characteristics of H-1B Specialty Occupation Workers | Annual Compensation of H-1B Beneficiaries for Initial Employment by Major Occupation Group: FY 2015 |
| Figure 3-27 | Women in S&E occupations: 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Women in S&E occupations: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Women in S&E occupations: 1993-2015 | |||
| Table 3-27 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by S&E degree field |
| Figure 3-28 | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 1993–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 2015 |
| SESTAT Integrated File | Employed women with highest degree in S&E, by degree level: 1993-2015 | |||
| Table 3-28 | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Temporary visa holders receiving S&E doctorates in 2010 and 2005 who were in the United States in 2015, by country of citizenship at time of degree |
| Figure 3-29 | Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force, by sex and age: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | SESTAT Integrated File | Highest degree holders in S&E not in the labor force, by sex and age |
| Figure 3-30 | Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Estimated salary differences between women and men with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level |
| Figure 3-31 | Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Estimated salary differences between minorities and whites and Asians with highest degree in S&E employed full time, controlling for selected characteristics, by degree level |
| Figure 3-32 | Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born scientists and engineers employed in S&E occupations, by highest degree level and broad S&E occupational category |
| Figure 3-33 | Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States, by place of birth: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Survey of College Graduates | Foreign-born individuals with highest degree in S&E living in the United States, by place of birth |
| Figure 3-34 | Temporary work visas issued in categories with many high-skilled workers: FYs 1991–2015 | U.S. Department of State | Nonimmigrant Visa Statistics | Nonimmigrant Visa Issuances by Visa Class and by Nationality, and Nonimmigrant Visas by Individual Class of Admission |
| Figure 3-35 | Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctoral degrees to stay in the United States, by year of doctorate: 1995–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Plans at graduation of foreign recipients of U.S. S&E doctoral degrees to stay in the United States, by year of doctorate |
| Figure 3-36 | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation |
| Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education | Stay Rates of Foreign Doctorate Recipients from U.S. Universities | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for U.S. S&E doctoral degree recipients with temporary visas at graduation | ||
| Figure 3-37 | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for temporary residents receiving S&E doctorates in 2005 and 2010, by foreign support: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Doctorate Recipients | Five-year and ten-year stay rates for temporary residents receiving S&E doctorates in 2005 and 2010, by foreign support: 2015 |
| Figure 3-38 | Estimated number of researchers in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | Total researchers (FTE) |
| Figure 3-39 | Researchers as a share of total employment in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | Total researchers per thousand total employment |
| Figure 3-40 | Gross domestic R&D expenditures (GERD) per researcher in selected regions or countries: 2000–15 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | GERD at constant prices and PPP (2010 $) (OECD) |
| Total researchers (FTE) | ||||
| Figure 3-A | Projected increases in employment for S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Table 3-A | Bureau of Labor Statistics projections of employment and job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Figure 3-B | Projected job openings in S&E and other selected occupations: 2014–24 | Bureau of Labor Statistics | Employment Projections | Employment Projections program, special tabulations of 2014–24 Employment Projections. |
| Table 3-B | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution and region of employment: 2001–15 combined | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-C | Region and state of doctoral institution and employment of doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector: 2001–15 combined | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-D | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution |
| Table 3-E | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
| Table 3-F | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of doctoral institution: 5-year cohorts, 2001–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | Survey of Earned Doctorates | Doctorate recipients in S&E fields with postgraduation plans for non-postdoc employment in the United States in the business or industry sector, by region of employment |
Chapter 4. Research and Development: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons
| Graphic | Title | Provider | Product | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 4-1 | U.S. R&D, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: annual series | ||||
| Table 4-1 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 2008–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| App. Table 4-1 | U.S. gross domestic product, R&D, and ratio of R&D to gross domestic product (and components): 1953–2015 | Bureau of Economic Analysis | National Economic Accounts | Current dollar and real GDP |
| National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | Gross domestic product, total R&D, ratio of R&D to gross domestic product: 1953-2015 | ||
| Figure 4-2 | Year-to-year changes in U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector: 2010–15 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| Table 4-2 | Annual rates of growth in U.S. R&D expenditures, total and by performing sectors: 1988–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| App. Table 4-2 | U.S. research and development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures by performing sector and source of funds |
| Figure 4-3 | Ratio of U.S. R&D to gross domestic product, by roles of federal, business, and other nonfederal funding for R&D: 1953–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. gross domestic product and R&D: 1953–2015: Gross domestic product, total R&D, ratio of R&D to gross domestic product |
| Table 4-3 | U.S. R&D expenditures, by performing sector, source of funds, and type of work: 2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | ||||
| U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | ||||
| App. Table 4-3 | U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. basic research expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector |
| Figure 4-4 | U.S. total R&D expenditures, by source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. R&D expenditures, by source of funds and performing sector: annual series |
| Table 4-4 | U.S. R&D expenditures by type of work: Selected years, 1970–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| U.S. basic research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | ||||
| U.S. development expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series | ||||
| App. Table 4-4 | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: 1953–2015 | National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics | National Patterns of R&D Resources | U.S. applied research expenditures, by performing sector and source of funds: annual series |
| Figure 4-5 | Global R&D expenditures, by region: 2015 | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | Global R&D expenditures, by region (OECD) |
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics | UIS Research and Experimental Development Statistics Survey and Partner Data Collection | Global R&D expenditures, by region (UIS) | ||
| Table 4-5 | International comparisons of gross domestic expenditures on R&D and R&D share of gross domestic product, by region, country, or economy: 2015 or most recent year | Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development | Main Science and Technology Indicators | GERD - current PPP$ (OECD) |
| GERD as a percentage of GDP (OECD) | ||||
| UNESCO Institute for Statistics |