Molecular Biophysics

NSF BIO supports fundamental research focused on elucidating the structure, dynamics, and function of biomolecules and supramolecular assemblies. Proposals that define the underlying physical and chemical principles governing biomolecular interactions, the regulation of biological function across atomic and molecular scales, and the emergence of biological organization at the cellular level are encouraged.

Priority is given to studies that employ rigorous and complementary experimental and computational methodologies in a synergistic manner, as well as those that are conducted under physiological conditions or in environments that closely mimic native biological contexts. Proposals that integrate innovative concepts, techniques, or theoretical frameworks from other scientific disciplines, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, to address complex biological questions are strongly encouraged. Investigations at the interface of biological sciences with chemical, computational, engineering, mathematical, and physical sciences are welcome. In contrast, proposals centered primarily on mechanistic biochemistry or on narrowly defined systems from which broadly applicable biological principles cannot be derived will be given lower priority.

Broad areas of focus include, but are not limited to:

• Large scale computations that incorporate experimental constraints obtained using a variety of techniques ranging from NMR to high-resolution microscopies;
• Studies on multiple timescales with a goal of understanding molecular recognition, function, and allostery;
• Determination of structure, dynamics, assembly, and interactions of large functional macromolecular complexes in membrane-bound environments, membraneless cellular environments, or phase-separated condensates;
• Understanding biophysical principles that permit life at the extremes;
• Emerging areas such as quantum phenomena in biological systems or using quantum devices to investigate biological systems; and
• Development of new experimental tools or techniques for the interrogation of specific biological questions not accessible by current techniques.