Laureates 2022
Physics
Alain Aspect | John F. Clauser | Anton Zeilinger
“For experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science.”
The groundbreaking work of all three researchers has revealed the strange nature of quantum entanglement and paved the way to a new field of research: quantum information science. Their fundamental discoveries provided a new understanding of nature at the quantum scale and a foundation for new technologies such as quantum computers, secure communications and networks that transmit information through entanglement. NSF is proud to have supported Zeilinger's experiments demonstrating quantum entanglement as well as Aspect's collaboration with researchers in the U.S.
Chemistry
Carolyn Bertozzi | Morten Meldal | K. Barry Sharpless
"For the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry."
Their breakthrough discoveries enabled new ways to create complex molecules more quickly and efficiently, even within the cells of living organisms. Their fundamental research provided the groundwork for new applications in multiple areas such as the development of new drugs and medical therapies and more targeted cancer treatments. NSF has supported both Bertozzi and Sharpless with awards over several decades, including Graduate Research Fellowships to both scientists, a CAREER award to Bertozzi and multiple other awards including those that supported their 2022 Nobel Prize-winning discoveries and Sharpless' earlier 2001 Nobel Prize-winning work.
Economics
Ben S. Bernanke | Douglas W. Diamond | Philip H. Dybvig
“For research on banks and financial crises.”
Their combined discoveries revealed the critical role that banks play in modern society and how banking regulation can help protect the public from a large-scale financial crisis by reducing the damage to individuals and businesses. NSF has invested in the research of both Bernanke and Diamond. Diamond received multiple awards from NSF to investigate the nature of financial crises and how to mitigate them. Bernanke received a Graduate Research Fellowship from NSF in 1975, followed by several awards early in his career in the 1980s and 1990s.
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