Five images depicting different areas of research in the mathematical and physical sciences, including materials, chemistry, astronomy, math and physics

Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)

The U.S. National Science Foundation Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (NSF MPS) is one of the preeminent federal forces behind over 75 years of major scientific breakthroughs and innovations — from the discovery of new properties of energy and matter to the creation of entirely new fields of mathematics.

NSF MPS supports fundamental research in astronomical sciences, chemistry, materials, mathematical sciences and physics. MPS also manages ambitious, multidisciplinary research centers and institutes focused on major scientific challenges. The directorate supports fundamental science and research infrastructure that advances scientific knowledge and enhances the nation's economic growth, security and quality of life.

MPS investments are also building the scientific workforce of the future by providing specialized training, education and mentorship opportunities in labs across the U.S.

Upcoming events

Q&As and information sessions
Join MPS staff for a presentation on the NSF CAREER program
Q&As and information sessions
NSF EPSCoR Graduate Fellowship Program Office Hours for Potential Fellows

Recent funding opportunities

Program
Next Required Due Date: September 1, 2026
Posted February 19, 2026
Program
Next Required Due Date: May 14, 2026
Posted February 13, 2026

What we support

Against a background dense with glowing orange and golden stars, two nebulas appear as pinkish clouds of gas and dust.

Astronomical sciences

MPS supports the ground-based exploration of space. From asteroids to black holes, this work enables the discovery and understanding of objects and phenomena within our solar system, the Milky Way galaxy and other galaxies, and the entire universe.

Colorful artistic illustration of artificial photosynthesis process

Chemistry

MPS supports fundamental discovery, invention and innovation in the chemical sciences. This work creates a strong scientific foundation for future technologies and the chemical industry, which is central to the U.S. economy and our daily lives.

Microscopic image of human-made finely layered spherical objects.

Materials research

MPS supports fundamental understanding of materials, their properties and their potential applications. Materials research provides critical building blocks for technology and innovation, from new types of electronics and batteries to medical devices and body armor.

An infinity symbol formed by clusters of tiny, multicolored dots

Mathematical sciences

MPS supports multiple research programs at the frontiers of discovery in theoretical and applied mathematical sciences. Mathematical sciences play an essential role in all fields of science and technology and underpin many aspects of society and security, from weather forecasting to cryptography.

A highly transparent, flourine-rich crystal with thorium-229 atom trapped inside

Physics

MPS supports physics research that enables human understanding of the fundamental aspects of nature at all scales, from quantum-scale effects inside atoms to the dark energy that spans the entire universe. Breakthroughs in physics have led to technologies including GPS, MRI and quantum computers.

32 Tesla Superconducting Magnet

Research infrastructure

NSF supports research facilities that provide scientists with unique instruments and capabilities to explore the physical universe, including multiple astronomy observatories, the NSF National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, particle detectors at the Large Hadron Collider, and others.